{"id":55977,"date":"2026-06-23T10:05:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-23T03:05:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=55977"},"modified":"2026-06-23T10:05:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-23T03:05:28","slug":"khuynh-huong-nhin-thay-dieu-xau-o-nguoi-khac-thay-vi-dieu-tot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2026\/06\/khuynh-huong-nhin-thay-dieu-xau-o-nguoi-khac-thay-vi-dieu-tot.html","title":{"rendered":"Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, thay v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Dina Gordon<\/i><\/p>\n

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

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Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ebb u \u00e1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e2y, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng ph\u00eda sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. (\u1ea2nh: Karatpet thongngam\/Shutterstock)<\/i><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, anh ch\u1ecb em t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i thi tho\u1ea3ng than th\u1edf v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1eddi than v\u00e3n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n\u201d, Angelica Reis vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i nghe th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang than phi\u1ec1n\u201d, Reis vi\u1ebft. C\u00f4 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, c\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u0103m th\u00e1ng qua \u0111i, t\u00f4i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng. V\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng hay sao\u2014th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd khi\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu?\u201d Reis vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u201cQua th\u1eddi gian t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m cao c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ea1 b\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n kh\u1ea9u, \u0111\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n th\u1ee7\u201d, y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh ra sao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Reis ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t khung t\u01b0 duy quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh: t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia, Marcus Aurelius, t\u1eebng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1eaft khe. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Kh\u1eafc k\u1ef7, Aurelius lu\u00f4n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 trong t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng khi ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0m v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00e1c \u00fd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao dung ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta hy v\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd bao dung v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta\u201d, Aurelius vi\u1ebft. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ch\u1ec7ch m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, Aurelius \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i\u201d l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft d\u1eabn d\u1eaft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i h\u1ecd, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb bi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu tr\u00e1i tim h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

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(\u1ea2nh: Yuri Turkov\/Shutterstock.com)<\/i><\/p>\n

\u201cD\u00f9 cho m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb bi v\u1edbi anh ta, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu, khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, khuy\u00ean r\u0103n v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh gi\u00fap anh ta s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i khi anh ta l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi anh ta r\u1eb1ng: \u2018\u0110\u1eebng l\u00e0m v\u1eady, con c\u1ee7a ta: ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c: Ta c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng con l\u1ea1i \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3\u2019\u201d, Aurelius vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u1ec9 cho anh ta b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 anh ta hi\u1ec3u ra\u201d, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

\u201cMarcus Aurelius th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Aurelius g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Victor Hugo. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh, Jean Valjean ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i t\u00f9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00ec \u0103n tr\u1ed9m m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 b\u00e1nh m\u00ec cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb g\u00f3a v\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng 20 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 anh ta ra t\u00f9 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7y o\u00e1n h\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u0103m ph\u1eabn, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m v\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Sau khi Jean b\u1ecb b\u1eaft qu\u1ea3 tang \u0103n c\u1eafp ch\u00e9n \u0111\u0129a b\u1ea1c \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c s\u01b0, v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 th\u1ea5y anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng t\u1eb7ng Jean ch\u00e9n \u0111\u0129a b\u1ea1c l\u00e0m qu\u00e0. S\u1ef1 t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tan ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a Jean, v\u00e0 anh ta \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Anh ta m\u1edf m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c s\u01b0, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n. \u1ede cao tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, Jean c\u00f2n c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ngh\u0129 anh ta l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 s\u0103n l\u00f9ng anh ta su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Albert Schweitzer, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c, tri\u1ebft gia, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m 1952, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1eeb bi, y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng\u2014v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sinh m\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c\u201d, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft trong ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Albert Schweitzer (1875 – 1965), sinh ra t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Alsace, \u0110\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, b\u00e1c s\u0129 y khoa v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o y t\u1ebf, \u0111ang ng\u1ea3 l\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m c\u1ecf. (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 b\u1edfi Erica Anderson\/Authenticated News\/Getty Images)<\/i><\/p>\n

Schweitzer th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 30, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Lambar\u00e9n\u00e9, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Gabon, T\u00e2y Phi, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh phong, s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 ki\u1ebft l\u1ef5. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o hay \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Austrian Israeli v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Martin Buber \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Schweitzer t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 ra b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Buber nh\u00ecn m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 x\u1eed \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cT\u00f4i v\u00e0 B\u1ea1n\u201d, \u00f4ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hai ki\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7: I\u2013It (T\u00f4i\u2013N\u00f3) v\u00e0 I-Thou (T\u00f4i\u2013B\u1ea1n).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 T\u00f4i\u2013N\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 T\u00f4i\u2013B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh trong t\u00ecnh y\u00eau s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. \u201cT\u00ecnh y\u00eau l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n\u201d, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1ea5t.<\/i><\/p>\n

Theo Buber, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c hay c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u201cB\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i qua s\u1ef1 \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n\u2013kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm\u201d, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Theo Buber, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00e1i t\u00f4i. \u00d4ng tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Abraham Maslow, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n v\u0103n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda cho \u201cth\u00e1p nhu c\u1ea7u Maslow\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y th\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u00f3p l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: nhu c\u1ea7u si\u00eau v\u1ecb k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Maslow n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Thay v\u00ec nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ecb k\u1ef7, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng v\u1ecb tha, s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 lo l\u1eafng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Maslow l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea9m sinh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo Maslow, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00e1i \u201cthi\u1ec7n\u201d bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cy\u1ebfu, tinh t\u1ebf, k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua b\u1edfi th\u00f3i quen, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3\u201d. V\u1eady n\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

(Theo The Epoch Times)<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/www.theepochtimes.com\/article\/the-tendency-to-see-the-bad-in-others-instead-of-the-good-6021463<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Dina Gordon [ChanhKien.org] Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ebb u \u00e1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e2y, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng ph\u00eda sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. 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