{"id":53431,"date":"2026-03-19T11:42:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T04:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=53431"},"modified":"2026-03-19T11:42:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T04:42:10","slug":"nuoi-day-con-khoe-manh-truong-thanh-4-tu-minh-lam-guong-dan-dat-con-lap-chi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2026\/03\/nuoi-day-con-khoe-manh-truong-thanh-4-tu-minh-lam-guong-dan-dat-con-lap-chi.html","title":{"rendered":"Nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (4): T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft con l\u1eadp ch\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<p><b>[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>&ldquo;Th&agrave;nh &#273;&#7847;u nguy&#7879;t l&#7841;c s&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; tuy&#7871;t,<br>\n<\/i><i>L&acirc;u &#273;&#7847;u ng&#361; canh thanh d&#7909;c tuy&#7879;t.<br>\n<\/i><i>B&#7893;ng b&agrave;n xu&#7845;t h&#7897; ca nh&#7845;t thanh,<br>\n<\/i><i>Th&#7883; l&acirc;u &#273;&ocirc;ng t&acirc;y nh&acirc;n v&#7883; h&agrave;nh.<br>\n<\/i><i>B&#7855;c phong xuy y x&#7841; ng&atilde; b&iacute;nh,<br>\n<\/i><i>B&#7845;t &#432;u y &#273;an &#432;u b&iacute;nh l&atilde;nh.<br>\n<\/i><i>Nghi&#7879;p v&ocirc; cao ty ch&iacute; &#273;&#432;&#417;ng ki&ecirc;n,<br>\n<\/i><i>Nam nhi h&#7919;u c&#7847;u an &#273;&#7855;c nh&agrave;n.&rdquo;<\/i><br>\n<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>B&#7843;n d&#7883;ch c&#7911;a Nguy&#7877;n Kh&#7855;c Phi:<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;&#272;&#7847;u th&agrave;nh tr&#259;ng l&#7863;n s&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; tuy&#7871;t<br>\nB&ecirc;n l&#7847;u tr&#7889;ng &#273;&atilde; &#273;i&#7875;m canh n&#259;m<br>\nB&ecirc; m&acirc;m ra c&#7917;a h&aacute;t m&#7897;t kh&uacute;c<br>\n&#272;&ocirc;ng t&acirc;y h&agrave;ng x&oacute;m v&#7851;n v&#7855;ng tanh<br>\nGi&oacute; b&#7845;c qua &aacute;o th&#7893;i v&agrave;o b&aacute;nh<br>\nCh&#7859;ng s&#7907; &aacute;o &#273;&#417;n s&#7907; b&aacute;nh l&#7841;nh<br>\nNgh&#7873; kh&ocirc;ng sang h&egrave;n mi&#7877;n ch&iacute; b&#7873;n<br>\nT&agrave;i trai sao n&#7905; ng&#7891;i n&#417;i r&#7843;nh&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>&#272;&acirc;y l&agrave; b&agrave;i th&#417; th&#7845;t ng&ocirc;n c&#7911;a Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i (1054&ndash;1114), m&#7897;t thi nh&acirc;n th&#7901;i B&#7855;c T&#7889;ng. Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t t&aacute;c gi&#7843; v&#259;n h&#7885;c quan tr&#7885;ng v&agrave;o giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7919;a v&agrave; cu&#7889;i th&#7901;i k&#7923; B&#7855;c T&#7889;ng, l&agrave; m&#7897;t trong &ldquo;T&ocirc; M&ocirc;n t&#7913; h&#7885;c s&#297;&rdquo; (b&#7889;n h&#7885;c tr&ograve; xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a &#273;&#7841;i thi h&agrave;o T&ocirc; Th&#7913;c (T&ocirc; &#272;&ocirc;ng Pha) g&#7891;m T&#7847;n Quan, Ho&agrave;ng &#272;&igrave;nh Ki&ecirc;n, Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i v&agrave; Tri&#7873;u B&#7893; Chi). Thu&#7903; thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n, Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i theo h&#7885;c T&ocirc; Th&#7913;c v&agrave; r&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#272;&ocirc;ng Pha c&#432; s&#297; coi tr&#7885;ng. Cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i &ocirc;ng tr&#7843;i qua n&#259;m tri&#7873;u &#273;&#7841;i c&#7911;a n&#259;m v&#7883; ho&agrave;ng &#273;&#7871; B&#7855;c T&#7889;ng g&#7891;m: Nh&acirc;n T&ocirc;ng, Anh T&ocirc;ng, Th&#7847;n T&ocirc;ng, Tri&#7871;t T&ocirc;ng v&agrave; Huy T&ocirc;ng; &ocirc;ng t&#7915;ng gi&#7919; c&aacute;c ch&#7913;c v&#7909; nh&#432; B&iacute; th&#432; t&#7881;nh ch&aacute;nh t&#7921;, Tr&#7913; t&aacute;c lang, S&#7917; qu&aacute;n ki&#7875;m hi&#7879;u, Kh&#7903;i c&#432; x&aacute; nh&acirc;n&hellip; &Ocirc;ng l&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&iacute;nh tr&#7921;c, th&#7859;ng th&#7855;n, khi l&agrave;m quan th&igrave; thanh li&ecirc;m v&agrave; c&#7903;i m&#7903;, l&#7841;i vi&#7871;t nhi&#7873;u b&agrave;i th&#417; ph&#7843;n &aacute;nh n&#7895;i kh&#7893; c&#7911;a d&acirc;n ch&uacute;ng. M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&aacute;ng ca ng&#7907;i c&#7911;a Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i l&agrave; &#273;&#7875; gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c con trai, &ocirc;ng &#273;&atilde; l&#7845;y ng&#432;&#7901;i h&agrave;ng x&oacute;m b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh n&#432;&#7899;ng l&agrave;m g&#432;&#417;ng, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t vi&#7871;t n&ecirc;n b&agrave;i th&#417; &ldquo;Th&agrave;nh nhi thi&rdquo; n&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>H&agrave;ng x&oacute;m c&#7911;a Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i s&#7889;ng b&#7857;ng ngh&#7873; b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh n&#432;&#7899;ng. Sau m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian d&agrave;i quan s&aacute;t cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng ngh&egrave;o kh&#7893; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i h&agrave;ng x&oacute;m, Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n r&#7857;ng: &ocirc;ng l&atilde;o b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh n&agrave;y m&#7895;i ng&agrave;y &#273;&#7873;u th&#7913;c d&#7853;y v&agrave;o canh n&#259;m, tr&#7901;i ch&#432;a s&aacute;ng &#273;&atilde; &#273;i rao b&aacute;nh kh&#7855;p ph&#7889;; b&#7845;t k&#7875; n&#7855;ng h&egrave; gay g&#7855;t hay b&#259;ng tuy&#7871;t l&#7841;nh l&#7869;o, &#273;&#7873;u ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng gi&aacute;n &#273;o&#7841;n. Nh&agrave; th&#417; &#273;&atilde; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n t&#7845;m l&ograve;ng y&ecirc;u th&#432;&#417;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n qua c&acirc;u th&#417; &ldquo;Than &ocirc;i gi&#7919;a tr&#7901;i &#273;&#7845;t, sinh d&acirc;n th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#7893; nh&#7885;c&rdquo; (trong b&agrave;i &ldquo;Thi&#7871;u quan t&uacute;c h&#7919;u c&#7843;m&rdquo;) v&agrave; c&#7843;m th&ocirc;ng s&acirc;u s&#7855;c v&#7899;i nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n &#7903; t&#7847;ng l&#7899;p d&#432;&#7899;i, l&acirc;u d&#7847;n s&#7921; v&#7845;t v&#7843; c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng l&atilde;o b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh &#273;&atilde; khi&#7871;n Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i c&#7843;m &#273;&#7897;ng s&acirc;u s&#7855;c. T&#7915; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh, &ocirc;ng nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng: B&#7845;t k&#7875; l&agrave;m ngh&#7873; g&igrave;, ch&#7881; c&#7847;n quy&#7871;t ch&iacute; theo &#273;u&#7893;i, kh&ocirc;ng ng&#7915;ng n&#7895; l&#7921;c, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7873;u c&oacute; th&#7875; th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng. V&igrave; v&#7853;y, Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#7895;i &#273;&atilde; vi&#7871;t b&agrave;i th&#417; &ldquo;Th&agrave;nh nhi thi&rdquo; v&#7899;i m&#7909;c &#273;&iacute;ch gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c con trai m&igrave;nh, h&#7885;c theo ph&#7849;m ch&#7845;t kh&ocirc;ng s&#7907; gian kh&#7893; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh, ki&ecirc;n &#273;&#7883;nh ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n v&agrave; ph&#7845;n &#273;&#7845;u v&igrave; m&#7909;c ti&ecirc;u &#273;&oacute; su&#7889;t &#273;&#7901;i.<\/p>\n<p>N&#7871;u d&ugrave;ng ng&ocirc;n ng&#7919; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i, &yacute; ngh&#297;a b&agrave;i th&#417; n&agrave;y l&agrave;: Tr&#259;ng &#273;&atilde; l&#7863;n v&#7873; T&acirc;y, tr&ecirc;n t&#432;&#7901;ng th&agrave;nh ph&#7911; &#273;&#7847;y s&#432;&#417;ng gi&aacute; nh&#432; tuy&#7871;t, canh n&#259;m v&#7915;a qua, tr&#7901;i c&ograve;n ch&#432;a s&aacute;ng. L&uacute;c n&agrave;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh b&#432;ng m&acirc;m tr&ecirc;n tay b&#432;&#7899;c ra kh&#7887;i nh&agrave;, rao b&aacute;nh d&#7885;c ph&#7889;, nh&#432;ng v&igrave; c&ograve;n qu&aacute; s&#7899;m n&ecirc;n tr&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#432;a c&oacute; ng&#432;&#7901;i qua l&#7841;i. Gi&oacute; l&#7841;nh th&#7845;u x&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; t&ecirc;n b&#7855;n, th&#7893;i v&agrave;o ng&#432;&#7901;i b&aacute;n b&aacute;nh v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng chi&#7871;c b&aacute;nh n&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng. D&ugrave; qu&#7847;n &aacute;o tr&ecirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7887;ng manh r&eacute;t bu&#7889;t, &ocirc;ng kh&ocirc;ng lo cho m&igrave;nh m&agrave; ch&#7881; s&#7907; gi&oacute; l&#7841;nh l&agrave;m ngu&#7897;i b&aacute;nh, b&aacute;nh ngu&#7897;i r&#7891;i s&#7869; kh&oacute; b&aacute;n. Trong thi&ecirc;n h&#7841; c&oacute; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&agrave;nh ngh&#7873;, ngh&#7873; n&agrave;o c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m n&ecirc;n s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p. V&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&agrave;n &ocirc;ng c&oacute; ch&iacute; kh&iacute; th&igrave; cho d&ugrave; ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n cao qu&yacute; hay th&#7845;p h&egrave;n, n&#7871;u mu&#7889;n th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n l&yacute; t&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a ch&iacute;nh m&igrave;nh th&igrave; ph&#7843;i c&oacute; &yacute; ch&iacute; ki&ecirc;n c&#432;&#7901;ng v&agrave; ngh&#7883; l&#7921;c v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c, tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#432;&#7901;i nh&aacute;c hay ham mu&#7889;n h&#432;&#7903;ng th&#7909;.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;Ch&iacute;&rdquo; l&agrave; kh&aacute;t v&#7885;ng v&agrave; ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng m&agrave; con ng&#432;&#7901;i theo &#273;u&#7893;i trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai. &ldquo;L&#7853;p ch&iacute;&rdquo; l&agrave; vi&#7879;c x&aacute;c l&#7853;p quy&#7871;t t&acirc;m v&agrave; nguy&#7879;n v&#7885;ng &#273;&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7909;c ti&ecirc;u &#273;&oacute;. L&#7853;p ch&iacute; l&agrave; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng, c&#361;ng l&agrave; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a s&#7921; th&#259;ng hoa &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c. Tr&#7867; em trong th&#7901;i k&#7923; ni&ecirc;n thi&#7871;u c&oacute; t&iacute;nh th&iacute;ch nghi r&#7845;t cao. L&agrave; cha m&#7865;, c&#7847;n n&#7855;m b&#7855;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t n&agrave;y, gi&uacute;p con ph&acirc;n bi&#7879;t &#273;&uacute;ng sai, r&egrave;n luy&#7879;n &yacute; ch&iacute;, ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n t&agrave;i n&#259;ng v&agrave; x&aacute;c l&#7853;p ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y c&oacute; &yacute; ngh&#297;a v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i s&#7921; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&agrave;nh trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#7911;a con c&aacute;i. C&oacute; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&aacute;ch &#273;&#7875; khuy&#7871;n kh&iacute;ch con c&aacute;i x&aacute;c l&#7853;p ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&#7845;y c&aacute;c nh&acirc;n v&#7853;t, s&#7921; ki&#7879;n, gia &#273;&igrave;nh ho&#7863;c x&atilde; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; l&agrave;m g&#432;&#417;ng. V&iacute; d&#7909; nh&#432; v&#7873; c&aacute;c nh&acirc;n v&#7853;t, &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng n&agrave;y c&#361;ng r&#7845;t phong ph&uacute; &#273;a d&#7841;ng, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i x&#432;a, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; c&aacute;c v&#7883; anh h&ugrave;ng, c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n th&#432;&#7901;ng, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c, c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; ch&iacute;nh b&#7843;n th&acirc;n m&igrave;nh, v.v.. Ch&#7881; l&agrave; con c&aacute;i s&#7889;ng c&ugrave;ng cha m&#7865; m&#7895;i ng&agrave;y, n&ecirc;n t&#7915;ng c&#7917; ch&#7881; h&agrave;nh &#273;&#7897;ng, t&#7915;ng l&#7901;i n&oacute;i ti&#7871;ng c&#432;&#7901;i c&#7911;a cha m&#7865; &#273;&#7873;u c&oacute; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c x&aacute;c l&#7853;p ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a con. Do &#273;&oacute;, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&agrave; cha m&#7865; ph&#7843;i t&#7921; m&igrave;nh l&agrave;m g&#432;&#417;ng, l&#7901;i n&oacute;i v&agrave; vi&#7879;c l&agrave;m &#273;&#7873;u m&#7851;u m&#7921;c, kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n l&agrave;m t&#7889;t c&aacute;c vi&#7879;c &#7903; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i m&agrave; c&ograve;n ph&#7843;i bi&#7871;t c&aacute;ch k&#7875; cho con nghe v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&atilde; tr&#7843;i qua. T&ocirc;i r&#7845;t th&iacute;ch k&#7875; nh&#7919;ng c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n c&#361; cho c&aacute;c con nghe &#273;&#7875; ch&uacute;ng t&#7921; r&uacute;t ra b&agrave;i h&#7885;c.<\/p>\n<p>Xu&#7845;t th&acirc;n t&#7915; gia &#273;&igrave;nh &ldquo;ph&uacute; n&ocirc;ng&rdquo;, tr&ecirc;n &#273;&#7847;u mang theo v&ograve;ng kim c&ocirc; &ldquo;con c&aacute;i &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7911;&rdquo;, tu&#7893;i th&#417; c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i b&#7883; che ph&#7911; b&#7903;i m&#7897;t m&agrave;ng s&#432;&#417;ng &#273;en t&#7889;i khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c c&#361;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y ng&#7841;t th&#7903;. Khi h&#7885;c ti&#7875;u h&#7885;c, th&agrave;nh t&iacute;ch c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i r&#7845;t xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c, th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n &#273;&#7913;ng &#273;&#7847;u l&#7899;p. D&ugrave; l&agrave; v&#7873; &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c, tr&iacute; tu&#7879; hay th&#7875; l&#7921;c &#273;&#7873;u n&#7893;i b&#7853;t nh&#432;ng t&ocirc;i kh&ocirc;ng bao gi&#7901; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&agrave;m c&aacute;n b&#7897; l&#7899;p. Trong m&#7855;t t&ocirc;i lu&ocirc;n tr&agrave;n &#273;&#7847;y s&#7921; hoang mang v&agrave; trong l&ograve;ng th&igrave; tr&agrave;o d&acirc;ng u&#7845;t &#7913;c: &ldquo;L&#7869; n&agrave;o th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&agrave; r&#7891;ng sinh r&#7891;ng, ph&#432;&#7907;ng sinh ph&#432;&#7907;ng, c&ograve;n chu&#7897;t con th&igrave; t&#7845;t ph&#7843;i bi&#7871;t &#273;&agrave;o hang sao?&rdquo; D&ugrave; tu&#7893;i c&ograve;n nh&#7887; nh&#432;ng m&#7895;i l&#7847;n ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng chuy&#7879;n n&agrave;y, to&agrave;n th&acirc;n c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i run r&#7849;y, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; cu&#7891;ng phong b&atilde;o t&#7889; &#273;ang &ugrave;n &ugrave;n k&eacute;o &#273;&#7871;n ch&#7895; t&ocirc;i, c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c nh&#432; m&#7897;t con s&oacute;i hung &aacute;c d&iacute;nh &#273;&#7847;y m&aacute;u t&#432;&#417;i, &#273;ang h&aacute; chi&#7871;c mi&#7879;ng &#273;&#7847;y m&aacute;u, mu&#7889;n nu&#7889;t ch&#7917;ng c&#7843; t&ocirc;i v&agrave; l&yacute; t&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i. &#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; l&uacute;c ch&#417;i tr&ograve; ch&#417;i, nh&#7919;ng b&#7841;n h&#7885;c xu&#7845;t th&acirc;n t&#7915; t&#7847;ng l&#7899;p &ldquo;H&#7891;ng ng&#361; lo&#7841;i&rdquo; (1) &#273;&#7873;u l&ecirc;n gi&#7885;ng ki&ecirc;u ng&#7841;o n&oacute;i r&#7857;ng: &ldquo;H&atilde;y &#273;&#7875; b&#7885;n con c&aacute;i &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7911; l&agrave;m k&#7867; x&#7845;u, l&agrave;m &#273;&#7863;c v&#7909;!&rdquo; T&acirc;m h&#7891;n non n&#7899;t c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; h&#7857;n s&acirc;u nh&#7919;ng v&#7871;t s&#7865;o c&#7911;a ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a &ldquo;duy th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n lu&#7853;n&rdquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi t&ocirc;i t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p ti&#7875;u h&#7885;c, &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; &eacute;p v&#7873; nh&agrave; l&agrave;m n&ocirc;ng. Nh&igrave;n nh&#7919;ng b&#7841;n h&#7885;c vui v&#7867; nh&#7843;y nh&oacute;t, h&atilde;nh di&#7879;n t&#7921; h&agrave;o trong s&acirc;n tr&#432;&#7901;ng, t&ocirc;i &#273;&#7913;ng ngo&agrave;i c&#7893;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7915;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; ng&#432;&#7905;ng m&#7897;, v&#7915;a v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng x&#7845;u h&#7893;, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; ch&uacute; chim l&#7841;c &#273;&agrave;n. T&ocirc;i g&#7885;i Tr&#7901;i, Tr&#7901;i kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&aacute;p, h&#7887;i &#272;&#7845;t, &#272;&#7845;t ch&#7881; r&#417;i l&#7879;. L&ograve;ng t&ocirc;i &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n, tim t&ocirc;i ch&#7843;y m&aacute;u!<\/p>\n<p>C&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c c&#7911;a &#273;&#7897;i s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t kh&ocirc;ng bao gi&#7901; h&#7871;t, c&#417;m c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng x&atilde; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n &#259;n kh&ocirc;ng bao gi&#7901; no. M&#432;&#7901;i ba tu&#7893;i t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; gia nh&#7853;p d&ograve;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&oacute;i kh&#7893; &#7845;y, c&ugrave;ng c&aacute;c &ocirc;ng b&agrave;, c&ocirc; b&aacute;c n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n &ldquo;m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i m&#7885;c th&igrave; l&agrave;m, m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i l&#7863;n th&igrave; ngh&#7881;&rdquo;. Sau hai n&#259;m &ldquo;kh&#7893; t&acirc;m ch&iacute;, nh&#7885;c g&acirc;n c&#7889;t, c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;&oacute;i kh&aacute;t, kh&#7893; s&#7903; ngh&egrave;o t&uacute;ng&rdquo;, cha m&#7865; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&agrave;nh l&ograve;ng &#273;&#7875; t&ocirc;i c&ograve;n nh&#7887; &#273;&atilde; ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u n&#7895;i kh&#7893; nh&#432; v&#7853;y, li&#7873;n c&#7847;u xin kh&#7855;p n&#417;i, mu&#7889;n &#273;&#7875; t&ocirc;i ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#7885;c trung h&#7885;c c&#417; s&#7903;. Th&#7871; l&agrave;, &#273;&#7875; t&ocirc;i c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;i h&#7885;c, m&#7865; t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; c&uacute;i &#273;&#7847;u qu&#7923; l&#7841;y, ch&#7855;p tay c&#7847;u xin ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c gi&uacute;p &#273;&#7905;. Ng&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7917;a nh&agrave; &#273;&#7897;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, c&aacute;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;i, l&atilde;nh &#273;&#7841;o c&ocirc;ng x&atilde;, c&oacute; nh&agrave; n&agrave;o b&agrave; ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c qua? &#272;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng &aacute;nh m&#7855;t l&#7841;nh l&ugrave;ng, nh&#7919;ng l&#7901;i m&#7881;a mai ch&acirc;m ch&#7885;c v&ocirc; t&#7853;n, b&agrave; ch&#7881; bi&#7871;t nu&#7889;t h&#7871;t v&agrave;o trong l&ograve;ng&hellip; Sau hai n&#259;m ngh&#7881; h&#7885;c, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng m&#7865; t&ocirc;i c&#361;ng c&#7847;u xin &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho t&ocirc;i c&#417; h&#7897;i quay l&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng trung h&#7885;c.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi h&#7885;c xong b&#7853;c trung h&#7885;c c&#417; s&#7903;, t&ocirc;i &#273;&#432;&#417;ng nhi&ecirc;n ch&#7881; c&ograve;n con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;i s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; lao &#273;&#7897;ng. Theo ch&acirc;n c&aacute;c b&#7853;c cha ch&uacute;, t&ocirc;i h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c l&agrave;m n&ocirc;ng trong c&ocirc;ng x&atilde; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n. V&igrave; hy v&#7885;ng ch&#432;a t&#7855;t, &ldquo;ho&agrave;i b&atilde;o&rdquo; v&#7851;n ch&#432;a ch&#7871;t, trong l&ograve;ng t&ocirc;i lu&ocirc;n ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng t&#432;&#417;ng lai r&#7891;i s&#7869; c&oacute; m&#7897;t ng&agrave;y m&igrave;nh c&oacute; th&#7875; ng&#7849;ng &#273;&#7847;u v&#432;&#417;n l&ecirc;n. T&ocirc;i &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t y&ecirc;u th&iacute;ch &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch, d&ugrave; ngh&egrave;o &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&acirc;u t&ocirc;i c&#361;ng d&agrave;nh d&#7909;m ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; mua s&aacute;ch; d&ugrave; m&#7879;t &#273;&#7871;n m&#7845;y t&ocirc;i c&#361;ng c&#7889; tranh th&#7911; th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c, th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7885;c &#273;&#7871;n t&#7853;n khuya. Ng&#7885;n &#273;&egrave;n xanh nh&#7887; b&eacute; nh&#432; h&#7841;t &#273;&#7853;u &#273;&atilde; theo t&ocirc;i du h&agrave;nh kh&#7855;p c&#7893; kim &#273;&ocirc;ng t&acirc;y, ch&#7913;ng ki&#7871;n bao th&#259;ng tr&#7847;m nh&acirc;n th&#7871;. &Aacute;nh &#273;&egrave;n ch&#7853;p ch&#7901;n, lay &#273;&#7897;ng, th&#7855;p l&ecirc;n trong l&ograve;ng t&ocirc;i &aacute;nh s&aacute;ng, th&#7855;p l&ecirc;n hy v&#7885;ng. N&oacute; &#273;&#432;a t&ocirc;i b&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave;o nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m th&aacute;ng khi &ldquo;v&#7847;ng tr&#259;ng th&#7901;i T&#7847;n v&#7851;n soi, c&#7917;a &#7843;i th&#7901;i H&aacute;n v&#7851;n c&ograve;n&rdquo;: T&#7847;n Th&#7911;y Ho&agrave;ng &#273;&#7889;t s&aacute;ch ch&ocirc;n nho, Tr&#7847;n Th&#7855;ng ph&#7845;t c&#7901; kh&#7903;i ngh&#297;a, L&#432;u Bang ch&eacute;m r&#7855;n d&#7845;y binh, Tr&#432;&#417;ng L&#432;&#417;ng tr&ecirc;n c&#7847;u Di nh&#7863;t gi&agrave;y, H&agrave;n T&iacute;n ch&#7883;u nh&#7909;c chui h&aacute;ng, Ti&ecirc;u H&agrave; &#273;u&#7893;i theo H&agrave;n T&iacute;n d&#432;&#7899;i tr&#259;ng&hellip; S&#7913;c m&ecirc; ho&#7863;c c&#7911;a s&aacute;ch khi&#7871;n t&ocirc;i nh&#432; &#273;ang &#7903; trong &#273;&oacute;, qu&ecirc;n c&#7843; th&#7901;i gian, qu&ecirc;n c&#7843; ch&iacute;nh m&igrave;nh. C&oacute; m&#7845;y l&#7847;n, khi r&#7841;ng &#273;&ocirc;ng v&#7915;a h&eacute;, t&ocirc;i v&aacute;c cu&#7889;c l&ecirc;n n&uacute;i, khi&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7891;ng canh c&#432;&#7901;i nghi&ecirc;ng ng&#7843;. Th&igrave; ra v&igrave; &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch ban &#273;&ecirc;m khi&#7871;n m&#7897;t m&#7843;ng l&#7899;n t&oacute;c tr&#432;&#7899;c tr&aacute;n c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; l&#7917;a &#273;&egrave;n l&agrave;m ch&aacute;y x&eacute;m. T&ocirc;i &#273;&agrave;nh ph&#7843;i v&#7873; nh&agrave; l&#7845;y k&eacute;o c&#7855;t b&#7887; ch&#7895; t&oacute;c b&#7883; ch&aacute;y &#7845;y &#273;i. Vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch &#273;&atilde; khi&#7871;n t&ocirc;i m&#7903; r&#7897;ng t&#7847;m m&#7855;t, nu&ocirc;i d&#432;&#7905;ng v&agrave; l&agrave;m gi&agrave;u &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng tinh th&#7847;n, xua &#273;i n&#7895;i bu&#7891;n ch&aacute;n v&agrave; s&#7921; ngh&egrave;o kh&#7893; do cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng lao d&#7883;ch kh&#7855;c nghi&#7879;t nh&#432; &#273;&#7883;a ng&#7909;c c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng x&atilde; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n mang l&#7841;i. C&agrave;ng &#273;&#7885;c, kh&aacute;t v&#7885;ng &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch trong t&ocirc;i c&agrave;ng l&#7899;n. Khi lao &#273;&#7897;ng ngo&agrave;i &#273;&#7891;ng, tr&aacute;i tim t&ocirc;i s&#7899;m &#273;&atilde; bay v&#7873; bi&#7875;n s&aacute;ch m&ecirc;nh m&ocirc;ng v&ocirc; t&#7853;n, l&uacute;c n&agrave;o c&#361;ng mong c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c s&#7899;m l&agrave;m xong, mong tr&#7901;i mau t&#7889;i &#273;&#7875; t&ocirc;i s&#7899;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7873; nh&agrave;, s&#7899;m l&#7841;i &ocirc;m l&#7845;y trang s&aacute;ch.<\/p>\n<p>N&agrave;o ng&#7901; r&#7857;ng, &#273;&uacute;ng l&uacute;c t&ocirc;i &#273;ang &#273;&#7855;m ch&igrave;m trong s&aacute;ch v&#7903; th&igrave; l&#7841;i g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i phong tr&agrave;o &ldquo;s&aacute;ch khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m&rdquo;. &#272;&oacute; l&agrave; v&agrave;o m&#7897;t &#273;&ecirc;m khuya &#273;&#7847;u xu&acirc;n n&#259;m 1975, khi &#7845;y, t&ocirc;i &#273;ang &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch d&#432;&#7899;i ng&#7885;n &#273;&egrave;n d&#7847;u h&#7887;a leo l&eacute;t, n&#7917;a s&aacute;ng n&#7917;a t&#7889;i, th&igrave; anh c&#7843; t&ocirc;i gi&#7853;n d&#7919; x&ocirc;ng th&#7859;ng v&agrave;o ph&ograve;ng, th&#7893;i ph&#7909;t m&#7897;t h&#417;i t&#7855;t ng&#7885;n &#273;&egrave;n, r&#7891;i th&#7889;t l&ecirc;n m&#7897;t c&acirc;u: &ldquo;Ng&#432;&#7901;i ta &#273;ang n&oacute;i l&agrave; c&#7853;u &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m!&rdquo; &ldquo;&#272;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m!&rdquo; Chuy&#7879;n n&agrave;y qu&#7843; th&#7921;c kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i nh&#7887;. Khi &#273;&oacute; &#273;ang l&agrave; th&#7901;i k&#7923; tai &#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a &ldquo;C&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng V&#259;n h&oacute;a&rdquo;, t&agrave; &aacute;c l&#7897;ng h&agrave;nh, m&#7885;i vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7843;o l&#7897;n tr&#7855;ng &#273;en. L&#7845;y danh ngh&#297;a ph&ecirc; ph&aacute;n &ldquo;phong ki&#7871;n&rdquo;, &ldquo;t&#432; b&#7843;n&rdquo; v&agrave; &ldquo;x&eacute;t l&#7841;i&rdquo;, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta ra s&#7913;c ti&#7871;n h&agrave;nh nh&#7919;ng tr&ograve; &#273;&#7845;u &#273;&aacute; n&#7897;i b&#7897; qu&#7927; quy&#7879;t, khi&#7871;n c&#7843; n&#432;&#7899;c tr&ecirc;n d&#432;&#7899;i r&#7889;i ren, h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n. &ldquo;Phong ki&#7871;n&rdquo;, &ldquo;t&#432; b&#7843;n&rdquo;, &ldquo;x&eacute;t l&#7841;i&rdquo; l&agrave; g&igrave; ch&#7913;? Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i anh em n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&acirc;n bi&#7879;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7871;n th&#7871;, n&ecirc;n h&#7877; l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n &#273;&atilde; l&acirc;u, gi&#7845;y &#273;&atilde; ng&#7843; m&agrave;u v&agrave;ng, th&igrave; &#273;&#7873;u b&#7883; g&#7885;i chung l&agrave; &ldquo;s&aacute;ch v&agrave;ng&rdquo; (s&aacute;ch khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m) (2). Th&#7921;c ra, cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch m&agrave; t&ocirc;i &#273;ang d&#7891;n t&acirc;m nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch l&#7883;ch s&#7917; do ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i bi&ecirc;n so&#7841;n, in b&#7857;ng ch&#7919; ph&#7891;n th&#7875;, b&#7889; c&#7909;c in d&#7885;c, m&agrave;u gi&#7845;y h&#417;i ng&#7843; v&agrave;ng. Th&#7843;o n&agrave;o h&#7885; l&#7841;i g&#7885;i n&oacute; l&agrave; &ldquo;s&aacute;ch v&agrave;ng&rdquo;. Tr&#7843;i qua c&#417;n s&oacute;ng gi&oacute; &ldquo;s&aacute;ch khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m&rdquo; &#7845;y, &#273;i&#7873;u x&#7845;u l&#7841;i h&oacute;a &#273;i&#7873;u t&#7889;t. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i anh em, c&aacute;c b&aacute;c, c&aacute;c th&iacute;m n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7919;ng kh&ocirc;ng tr&aacute;ch m&oacute;c t&ocirc;i, m&agrave; tr&aacute;i l&#7841;i c&ograve;n cho r&#7857;ng t&ocirc;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t thanh ni&ecirc;n &ldquo;c&oacute; h&#7885;c th&#7913;c, hi&#7875;u &#273;&#7841;o l&yacute;&rdquo;. T&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;a s&#7889; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7845;u hi&#7875;u v&agrave; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n.<\/p>\n<p>T&ocirc;i v&#7851;n c&ograve;n kh&aacute;t khao ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7871;n tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i h&#7885;c gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; tr&#7901;i h&#7841;n tr&ocirc;ng m&#432;a. Gian nan l&#7855;m m&#7899;i tr&#7909; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m 1977, khi ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; thi c&#7917; c&#7911;a nh&agrave; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7889;n b&#7883; ph&#7871; b&#7887; trong th&#7901;i k&#7923; &ldquo;C&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng V&#259;n h&oacute;a&rdquo; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&ocirc;i ph&#7909;c tr&#7903; l&#7841;i, c&aacute;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c v&agrave; trung c&#7845;p tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n qu&#7889;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c k&#7923; thi th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; chi&ecirc;u sinh kh&oacute;a m&#7899;i. T&ocirc;i v&#432;&#7907;t qua k&#7923; thi, m&#7897;t l&#7847;n n&#7919;a gi&agrave;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#417; h&#7897;i b&#432;&#7899;c ch&acirc;n v&agrave;o tr&#432;&#7901;ng, ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p.<\/p>\n<p>T&ocirc;i v&#7851;n c&ograve;n nh&#7899; r&otilde;, khi tin t&#7913;c v&#7873; vi&#7879;c chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; ti&#7871;n c&#7917; sang ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; thi tuy&#7875;n truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7871;n ng&ocirc;i l&agrave;ng h&#7867;o l&aacute;nh c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i, th&#7853;t khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i ta kh&ocirc;ng d&aacute;m tin l&agrave; s&#7921; th&#7853;t. Khi hay tin &#7845;y, t&ocirc;i ph&#7845;n kh&iacute;ch su&#7889;t m&#7845;y ng&agrave;y m&#7845;y &#273;&ecirc;m, h&#7841; quy&#7871;t t&acirc;m r&#7857;ng d&ugrave; th&agrave;nh hay b&#7841;i c&#361;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh ph&#7843;i th&#7917; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n, th&#7871; l&agrave; t&ocirc;i &#273;i &#273;&#259;ng k&yacute; d&#7921; thi. V&igrave; &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; l&#7847;n thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7847;u ti&ecirc;n, n&ecirc;n lu&ocirc;n c&oacute; ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n kh&#432; kh&#432; &ocirc;m gi&#7919; l&#7889;i suy ngh&#297; c&#361;: &ldquo;Th&#7857;ng nh&#7887; &#7845;y m&agrave; h&#7885;c th&agrave;nh t&agrave;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, t&ocirc;i s&#7869; r&aacute;n c&aacute; ngay trong l&ograve;ng b&agrave;n tay cho n&oacute; &#259;n!&rdquo; Ba ng&agrave;y tr&#432;&#7899;c k&#7923; thi, t&ocirc;i xin ph&eacute;p ngh&#7881; l&agrave;m v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, &#273;&#7897;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng n&oacute;i: &ldquo;C&#7853;u &#273;&#7915;ng c&oacute; m&#417; t&#432;&#7903;ng n&#7919;a, h&atilde;y d&#7853;p t&#7855;t c&aacute;i hy v&#7885;ng &#273;&oacute; &#273;i!&rdquo; &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; tr&aacute;ch h&#7885;. Trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i &ldquo;l&#7845;y &#273;&#7845;u tranh giai c&#7845;p l&agrave;m then ch&#7889;t&rdquo;, ai ai c&#361;ng tranh nhau l&agrave;m &ldquo;ph&aacute;i c&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng&rdquo;, ki&ecirc;n quy&#7871;t v&#7841;ch r&otilde; ranh gi&#7899;i v&#7899;i &ldquo;h&#7855;c ng&#361; lo&#7841;i&rdquo; (n&#259;m th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n x&#7845;u), con ch&aacute;u &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7911;, ph&uacute; n&ocirc;ng c&#361;ng b&#7883; x&#7871;p v&agrave;o h&#7841;ng kh&aacute;c. H&#7885; kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; &#273;&#7897;i chi&#7871;c &ldquo;v&ograve;ng kim c&ocirc; con ch&aacute;u &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7911;, ph&uacute; n&ocirc;ng&rdquo; nh&#432; t&ocirc;i th&igrave; &ldquo;kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; h&#7885;c th&agrave;nh&rdquo; c&#361;ng l&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u b&igrave;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#432;ng t&ocirc;i kh&ocirc;ng tin v&agrave;o &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&oacute;. T&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; quy&#7871;t t&acirc;m m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch s&#7855;t &#273;&aacute; s&#7869; d&#7921; thi, trong l&ograve;ng &acirc;m th&#7847;m th&#7873; r&#7857;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh ph&#7843;i thi &#273;&#7895;, ph&#7843;i h&aacute; mi&#7879;ng th&#7853;t to &#273;&#7875; n&#7871;m th&#7917; con c&aacute; &ldquo;r&aacute;n trong l&ograve;ng b&agrave;n tay&rdquo; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c.<\/p>\n<p>Th&#7921;c ra, &#273;&#7875; &#273;i h&#7885;c trung c&#7845;p chuy&ecirc;n nghi&#7879;p &#273;&acirc;u ph&#7843;i chuy&#7879;n d&#7877; d&agrave;ng. Khi &#7845;y gia c&#7843;nh t&ocirc;i r&#7845;t ngh&egrave;o, trong nh&agrave; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t c&acirc;y b&uacute;t m&aacute;y d&ugrave;ng cho ra h&#7891;n c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute;, m&atilde;i &#273;&#7871;n t&#7889;i h&ocirc;m tr&#432;&#7899;c ng&agrave;y thi t&ocirc;i m&#7899;i sang nh&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7891;ng h&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7875; m&#432;&#7907;n m&#7897;t c&acirc;y. L&uacute;c &#273;&oacute; &#273;ang gi&#7919;a m&ugrave;a &#273;&ocirc;ng r&eacute;t m&#432;&#7899;t, &#273;i&#7875;m thi c&aacute;ch nh&agrave; t&ocirc;i h&#417;n m&#432;&#7901;i d&#7863;m &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#7919;ng th&iacute; sinh kh&aacute;c c&oacute; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n kinh t&#7871; kh&aacute; gi&#7843; th&igrave; t&#7915; h&ocirc;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&atilde; s&#7899;m l&ecirc;n th&#7883; tr&#7845;n thu&ecirc; ch&#7895; tr&#7885; r&#7891;i. Nh&agrave; t&ocirc;i th&#7921;c s&#7921; qu&aacute; ngh&egrave;o, ngay c&#7843; vi&#7879;c gom g&oacute;p ti&#7873;n tr&#7885; m&#7897;t &#273;&ecirc;m c&#361;ng r&#7845;t kh&oacute; kh&#259;n; cho d&ugrave; c&oacute; m&#432;&#7907;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kho&#7843;n ti&#7873;n &#7845;y th&igrave; c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng n&#7905; ti&ecirc;u. S&aacute;ng h&ocirc;m sau t&ocirc;i d&#7853;y t&#7915; r&#7845;t s&#7899;m, &#273;&#7897;i gi&aacute; r&eacute;t, l&#7843;o &#273;&#7843;o l&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7841;y t&#7899;i &#273;i&#7875;m thi.<\/p>\n<p>Qu&#7843; &#273;&uacute;ng l&agrave; &ocirc;ng Tr&#7901;i kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7909; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; l&ograve;ng. T&#7915; s&#7921; ki&ecirc;n tr&igrave;, c&#7847;n c&ugrave; c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i, t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng ng&agrave;y &#273;&ecirc;m mi&#7879;t m&agrave;i &#273;&egrave;n s&aacute;ch, t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; t&iacute;ch l&#361;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh ng&agrave;n c&acirc;n, &#273;&#7853;p tan chi&#7871;c v&ograve;ng kim c&ocirc; tr&ecirc;n &#273;&#7847;u m&igrave;nh, thay &#273;&#7893;i s&#7889; ph&#7853;n c&#7911;a &ldquo;con c&aacute;i &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7911;, ph&uacute; n&ocirc;ng&rdquo;, v&agrave; b&#432;&#7899;c l&ecirc;n m&#7897;t ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7899;i. Cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng, t&#7901; gi&#7845;y b&aacute;o tr&uacute;ng tuy&#7875;n khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c ph&#7843;i x&uacute;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trao &#273;&#7871;n tay t&ocirc;i. Ch&#7859;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;i&#7873;u m&agrave; &#273;&#7897;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng g&#7885;i l&agrave; &ldquo;vi&#7875;n v&ocirc;ng&rdquo; nay &#273;&atilde; tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh hi&#7879;n th&#7921;c r&#7891;i sao? C&#7847;m gi&#7845;y b&aacute;o nh&#7853;p h&#7885;c trong tay, t&ocirc;i r&#7845;t mu&#7889;n l&#7853;p t&#7913;c &#273;i t&igrave;m ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7915;ng l&#7899;n ti&#7871;ng n&oacute;i s&#7869; &ldquo;r&aacute;n c&aacute; ngay trong l&ograve;ng b&agrave;n tay&rdquo; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&ograve;i c&aacute; &#259;n. Nh&#432;ng m&#7865; t&ocirc;i v&#7897;i ng&#259;n l&#7841;i, n&oacute;i: &ldquo;Th&ocirc;i &#273;i con, c&oacute; th&#7875; tha th&#7913; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c th&igrave; n&ecirc;n tha th&#7913;, &#273;&#7915;ng l&agrave;m kh&oacute; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta&rdquo;. T&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; nghe theo l&#7901;i m&#7865;. Th&aacute;ng 3 n&#259;m 1978, t&ocirc;i mang theo h&agrave;nh trang, r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i l&agrave;ng qu&ecirc; h&#7867;o l&aacute;nh, s&#7843;i b&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;n v&agrave;o c&#7893;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7885;c v&#7845;n c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i quanh co, tr&#7855;c tr&#7903;; h&agrave;nh tr&igrave;nh &#273;&#7901;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&igrave; th&#259;ng tr&#7847;m, l&ecirc;n xu&#7889;ng. T&#7915; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n qu&ecirc; m&ugrave;a, ch&#7845;t ph&aacute;c, h&#417;n n&#7919;a l&#7841;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u bao &aacute;nh m&#7855;t l&#7841;nh l&ugrave;ng coi th&#432;&#7901;ng, b&#7883; ch&egrave;n &eacute;p, t&ocirc;i d&#7847;n d&#7847;n b&#432;&#7899;c l&ecirc;n con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng l&agrave;m c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c tuy&ecirc;n truy&#7873;n b&aacute;o ch&iacute;, qu&#7843;n l&yacute; doanh nghi&#7879;p v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c kh&aacute;c. Qua nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m c&aacute; nh&acirc;n m&agrave; t&ocirc;i k&#7875; l&#7841;i, c&aacute;c con t&ocirc;i kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7893;i kh&oacute; l&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a th&#7901;i cu&#7897;c x&atilde; h&#7897;i, n&#7895;i gian nan kh&#7889;n kh&oacute; trong cu&#7897;c m&#432;u sinh c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n, m&agrave; c&ograve;n th&#7845;u hi&#7875;u s&acirc;u s&#7855;c &#273;&#7841;o l&yacute; &ldquo;d&#7851;u ngh&egrave;o nh&#432;ng ch&iacute; kh&ocirc;ng ngh&egrave;o, quy&#7871;t kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&aacute;nh m&#7845;t ho&agrave;i b&atilde;o v&#432;&#417;n t&#7899;i m&acirc;y xanh&rdquo;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y c&oacute; t&aacute;c d&#7909;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh trong vi&#7879;c nu&ocirc;i d&#432;&#7905;ng ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a c&aacute;c con. T&#7841;i &#273;&acirc;y, t&ocirc;i xin tr&iacute;ch d&#7851;n m&#7897;t &#273;o&#7841;n trong l&#7901;i t&#7921; b&#7841;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n c&#7911;a con trai &#273;&#7875; chia s&#7867; c&ugrave;ng m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i:<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;T&ocirc;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i d&aacute;m v&#432;&#417;n l&ecirc;n chinh ph&#7909;c nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7881;nh cao. T&#7915; ti&#7875;u h&#7885;c &#273;&#7871;n trung h&#7885;c c&#417; s&#7903;, m&#7895;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7873;u kh&eacute;p l&#7841;i b&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng th&agrave;nh t&iacute;ch xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i. Nay s&#7855;p t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p trung h&#7885;c ph&#7893; th&ocirc;ng, t&ocirc;i tin r&#7857;ng m&igrave;nh nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh s&#7869; gi&agrave;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng. T&ocirc;i th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n t&#7921; nghi&ecirc;m kh&#7855;c y&ecirc;u c&#7847;u b&#7843;n th&acirc;n theo ti&ecirc;u chu&#7849;n cao c&#7911;a m&#7897;t h&#7885;c sinh trung h&#7885;c &#432;u t&uacute;, ch&uacute; tr&#7885;ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n to&agrave;n di&#7879;n, kh&ocirc;ng ng&#7915;ng n&acirc;ng cao ph&#7849;m ch&#7845;t v&agrave; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c; trong su&#7889;t th&#7901;i gian h&#7885;c trung h&#7885;c, t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; 6 l&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&igrave;nh ch&#7885;n l&agrave; &lsquo;h&#7885;c sinh ba t&#7889;t&rsquo; v&agrave; &lsquo;c&aacute;n b&#7897; h&#7885;c sinh &#432;u t&uacute;&rsquo;.<\/p>\n<p>T&ocirc;i r&#7845;t &#273;am m&ecirc; &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch, ph&#7841;m vi &#273;&#7885;c r&#7845;t r&#7897;ng. Tuy hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i h&#7885;c ng&agrave;nh khoa h&#7885;c t&#7921; nhi&ecirc;n, nh&#432;ng t&ocirc;i ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; sao nh&atilde;ng v&#259;n h&#7885;c, l&#7883;ch s&#7917; v&agrave; tri&#7871;t h&#7885;c. T&#7915; &ldquo;Trang T&#7917;&rdquo; &#273;&#7871;n &ldquo;Tri&#7871;t h&#7885;c ph&#432;&#417;ng T&acirc;y&rdquo;, t&#7915; &ldquo;T&#7843; truy&#7879;n&rdquo; (tuy&#7875;n t&#7853;p) &#273;&#7871;n &ldquo;S&#7917; k&yacute;&rdquo; (tuy&#7875;n t&#7853;p), t&#7915; &ldquo;Kinh thi&rdquo; &#273;&#7871;n &ldquo;Nh&acirc;n gian t&#7915; tho&#7841;i&rdquo;, t&#7915; &ldquo;Tam h&#7843;i kinh&rdquo; &#273;&#7871;n &ldquo;Th&#7871; thuy&#7871;t t&acirc;n ng&#7919;&rdquo;, kh&ocirc;ng &iacute;t t&aacute;c ph&#7849;m kinh &#273;i&#7875;n c&#7911;a c&aacute;c b&#7853;c danh gia x&#432;a nay trong v&agrave; ngo&agrave;i n&#432;&#7899;c, t&ocirc;i &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7885;c qua. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7863;t n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c cho kh&#7843; n&#259;ng vi&#7871;t l&aacute;ch c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i.<\/p>\n<p>T&ocirc;i c&#361;ng r&#7845;t y&ecirc;u th&iacute;ch suy ngh&#297; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p, r&egrave;n luy&#7879;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c t&#432; duy s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o. Theo c&aacute;ch n&oacute;i c&#7911;a th&#7847;y gi&aacute;o h&oacute;a h&#7885;c c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i, &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; &ldquo;c&oacute; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c t&#432; duy t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m s&#7921; kh&aacute;c bi&#7879;t r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh&rdquo;. Tuy trong qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh kh&aacute;m ph&aacute; kh&oacute; tr&aacute;nh kh&#7887;i g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i th&#7845;t b&#7841;i v&agrave; tr&#7903; ng&#7841;i nh&#432;ng t&#7847;m &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a &#273;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y l&#7841;i v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng s&acirc;u s&#7855;c. C&aacute;c m&ocirc;n To&aacute;n, V&#7853;t l&yacute;, H&oacute;a h&#7885;c, Ti&#7871;ng Anh&hellip; c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i lu&ocirc;n &#273;&#7841;t th&agrave;nh t&iacute;ch xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c; t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&oacute; &#273;&#7873;u kh&ocirc;ng t&aacute;ch r&#7901;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c t&#432; duy t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m s&#7921; kh&aacute;c bi&#7879;t m&agrave; t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; r&egrave;n luy&#7879;n trong th&#7901;i gian d&agrave;i.<\/p>\n<p>&hellip;&hellip;<\/p>\n<p>L&yacute; t&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i l&agrave; c&oacute; th&#7875; v&#7915;a gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y v&#7915;a ti&#7871;n h&agrave;nh nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u khoa h&#7885;c trong m&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c c&oacute; b&#7847;u kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t &#273;&#7853;m n&eacute;t, b&#7903;i v&igrave; t&ocirc;i y&ecirc;u th&iacute;ch nh&#7919;ng c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c b&igrave;nh l&#7863;ng nh&#432;ng c&oacute; chi&#7873;u s&acirc;u. Nguy&#7879;n v&#7885;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i l&agrave; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&oacute;ng g&oacute;p ph&#7847;n n&agrave;o &#273;&oacute; gi&uacute;p mang Gi&#7843;i Nobel v&#7873; cho Trung Qu&#7889;c. Ngo&agrave;i ra, trong vi&#7879;c ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n v&agrave; &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh t&#7921;u khoa h&#7885;c c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; m&#7899;i, &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c ch&uacute;ng ta v&#7851;n c&ograve;n nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7875;m ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; nh&#432; mong mu&#7889;n, t&ocirc;i hy v&#7885;ng trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai m&igrave;nh c&oacute; th&#7875; t&#7841;o d&#7921;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&agrave;nh t&#7921;u trong nh&#7919;ng l&#297;nh v&#7921;c n&agrave;y&rdquo;.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7915; &#273;o&#7841;n t&#7921; thu&#7853;t tr&ecirc;n, ch&uacute;ng ta c&oacute; th&#7875; th&#7845;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&iacute; h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; n&agrave;y, th&#7845;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m s&aacute;ng c&#7911;a ch&aacute;u, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; suy &#273;o&aacute;n ph&#7847;n n&agrave;o v&#7873; s&#7921; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#7911;a ch&aacute;u. Trong x&atilde; h&#7897;i coi tr&#7885;ng v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t, &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&agrave; v&#7841;n n&#259;ng n&agrave;y, ch&aacute;u kh&ocirc;ng &#273;i theo con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng truy c&#7847;u quy&#7873;n cao ch&#7913;c tr&#7885;ng, c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng ng&#432;&#7905;ng m&#7897; s&#7921; gi&agrave;u c&oacute; t&#7897;t b&#7853;c, m&agrave; l&#7841;i l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n ngh&#7873; gi&aacute;o &mdash; m&#7897;t ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p t&#7921;a nh&#432; ng&#7885;n n&#7871;n t&#7921; &#273;&#7889;t ch&aacute;y b&#7843;n th&acirc;n &#273;&#7875; soi s&aacute;ng cho ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c, b&igrave;nh l&#7863;ng v&agrave; thanh &#273;&#7841;m. &#272;&#7913;a tr&#7867; n&agrave;y &#432;u t&uacute; tr&ecirc;n m&#7885;i ph&#432;&#417;ng di&#7879;n, nh&#432;ng ch&aacute;u kh&ocirc;ng &#273;em tr&iacute; th&ocirc;ng minh v&agrave; t&agrave;i n&#259;ng c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh d&ugrave;ng cho &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7845;t c&aacute; nh&acirc;n, m&agrave; ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c c&#7889;ng hi&#7871;n cho &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897;i, x&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;nh m&#7909;c ti&ecirc;u l&agrave; &ldquo;&#273;&oacute;ng g&oacute;p ph&#7847;n n&agrave;o gi&uacute;p mang Gi&#7843;i Nobel v&#7873; cho Trung Qu&#7889;c&rdquo;, x&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;i l&agrave; t&#7841;o d&#7921;ng th&agrave;nh t&#7921;u trong vi&#7879;c ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n v&agrave; &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh t&#7921;u khoa h&#7885;c c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; m&#7899;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y khi&#7871;n cha m&#7865; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng vui m&#7915;ng.<\/p>\n<p>V&#7899;i t&#432; c&aacute;ch l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng b&#7853;c cha m&#7865; trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i ng&agrave;y nay, ch&uacute;ng ta c&#7847;n coi tr&#7885;ng vi&#7879;c l&#7853;p ch&iacute; c&#7911;a con c&aacute;i, c&#7847;n t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng, gi&uacute;p c&aacute;c ch&aacute;u x&aacute;c l&#7853;p m&#7909;c ti&ecirc;u s&#7889;ng &#273;&uacute;ng &#273;&#7855;n (l&agrave; &ldquo;gi&uacute;p &#273;&#7905;&rdquo; ch&#7913; kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i &ldquo;thay th&#7871;&rdquo;), &#273;&#7875; t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng cho c&aacute;c ch&aacute;u &yacute; th&#7913;c tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879;m &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c, &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i x&atilde; h&#7897;i, &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c v&agrave; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i gia &#273;&igrave;nh.<\/p>\n<p>Trong <b>B&agrave;i gi&#7843;ng th&#7913; hai, &ldquo;<a class=\"lar-automated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/chu-giai-tu-vung#chuyen_phap_luan\" 28722 rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">Chuy&#7875;n Ph&aacute;p Lu&acirc;n<\/a>&rdquo;<\/b>, Th&#7847;y L&yacute; c&oacute; gi&#7843;ng:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&ldquo;[V&igrave;] s&#7921; &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m c&#7911;a d&ograve;ng ch&#7843;y l&#7899;n, c&#7911;a th&ugrave;ng thu&#7889;c nhu&#7897;m l&#7899;n x&atilde; h&#7897;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng, [m&agrave;] &#273;i&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ta cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&uacute;ng, tr&ecirc;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u khi l&#7841;i l&agrave; sai. Con ng&#432;&#7901;i ai ch&#7859;ng mu&#7889;n s&#7889;ng t&#7889;t? Mong mu&#7889;n s&#7889;ng t&#7889;t &#7845;y, c&oacute; th&#7875; ph&#7843;i l&agrave;m t&#7893;n h&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n l&#7907;i &iacute;ch ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng t&acirc;m l&yacute; t&#7921; t&#432; c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i, c&oacute; th&#7875; chi&#7871;m &#273;o&#7841;t l&#7907;i &iacute;ch ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c, n&#7841;t d&#7889;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c, g&acirc;y thi&#7879;t h&#7841;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c. Ch&#7881; v&igrave; l&#7907;i &iacute;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n, &#7903; ch&#7889;n ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng m&agrave; tranh m&agrave; &#273;&#7845;u, v&#7853;y ch&#7859;ng ph&#7843;i t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n v&#7899;i &#273;&#7863;c t&iacute;nh c&#7911;a v&#361; tr&#7909; l&agrave; g&igrave;? Do v&#7853;y, &#273;i&#7873;u con ng&#432;&#7901;i cho l&agrave; &#273;&uacute;ng, n&oacute; l&#7841;i kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&agrave; &#273;&uacute;ng. Khi gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c cho tr&#7867; nh&#7887;, v&igrave; mu&#7889;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai sau n&agrave;y c&oacute; th&#7875; x&aacute;c l&#7853;p ch&#7895; &#273;&#7913;ng trong x&atilde; h&#7897;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng n&ecirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n th&#432;&#7901;ng hay d&#7841;y b&#7843;o ngay t&#7915; t&#7845;m b&eacute;: &ldquo;con ph&#7843;i bi&#7871;t s&#7889;ng kh&ocirc;n kh&eacute;o&rdquo;. T&#7915; v&#361; tr&#7909; ch&uacute;ng ta m&agrave; x&eacute;t th&igrave; th&#7845;y &ldquo;kh&ocirc;n kh&eacute;o&rdquo; &#7845;y &#273;&atilde; sai qu&aacute; r&#7891;i; b&#7903;i v&igrave; ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i gi&#7843;ng tu&#7923; k&#7923; t&#7921; nhi&ecirc;n, &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i l&#7907;i &iacute;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n c&#7847;n coi nh&#7865;. N&oacute; m&agrave; kh&ocirc;n ki&#7875;u &#7845;y, ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; ch&#7841;y theo l&#7907;i &iacute;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n. &ldquo;&#272;&#7913;a n&agrave;o n&#7841;t d&#7889;i con, con h&atilde;y t&igrave;m th&#7847;y gi&aacute;o n&oacute;, t&igrave;m cha m&#7865; n&oacute;&rdquo;; &ldquo;th&#7845;y ti&#7873;n [r&#417;i] con h&atilde;y nh&#7863;t [b&#7887; t&uacute;i]&rdquo;, to&agrave;n gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c tr&#7867; nh&#432; th&#7871;. T&#7915; b&eacute; &#273;&#7871;n l&#7899;n &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; ti&#7871;p th&#7909; nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; nh&#432; th&#7871; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u, d&#7847;n d&#7847;n t&#7841;i x&atilde; h&#7897;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng t&acirc;m l&yacute; t&#7921; t&#432; c&#7911;a n&oacute; c&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng l&#7899;n; n&oacute; ch&#7881; mu&#7889;n chi&#7871;m l&#7907;i ri&ecirc;ng cho m&igrave;nh, v&agrave; n&oacute; s&#7869; t&#7893;n &#273;&#7913;c&rdquo;.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>L&agrave; b&#7853;c cha m&#7865;, n&#7871;u v&#7851;n c&ograve;n m&#417; h&#7891; trong vi&#7879;c gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c con c&aacute;i, ch&#7859;ng ph&#7843;i ch&uacute;ng ta n&ecirc;n r&uacute;t ra b&agrave;i h&#7885;c t&#7915; &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;ng Ph&aacute;p c&#7911;a th&#7847;y L&yacute; hay sao?<\/p>\n<p>Ch&uacute; th&iacute;ch:<\/p>\n<p>(1) H&#7891;ng ng&#361; lo&#7841;i (&#32418;&#20116;&#31867;) l&agrave; m&#7897;t thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883; th&#7901;i C&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng V&#259;n h&oacute;a &#7903; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#7875; ch&#7881; 5 nh&oacute;m &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&agrave; c&oacute; l&yacute; l&#7883;ch &ldquo;s&#7841;ch&rdquo; v&agrave; &#432;u ti&ecirc;n g&#7891;m: c&ocirc;ng nh&acirc;n, n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n b&#7847;n v&agrave; trung n&ocirc;ng, qu&acirc;n nh&acirc;n c&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng, c&aacute;n b&#7897; c&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng v&agrave; li&#7879;t s&#297; c&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i thu&#7897;c c&aacute;c nh&oacute;m n&agrave;y th&#432;&#7901;ng c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u l&#7907;i th&#7871; trong h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, vi&#7879;c l&agrave;m v&agrave; ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883; v&agrave;o th&#7901;i &#273;&oacute;.<\/p>\n<p>(2) C&#7909;m t&#7915; &#40644;&#33394;&#20070;&#31821; (ho&agrave;ng s&#7855;c th&#432; t&#7883;ch) trong ti&#7871;ng Trung c&oacute; ngh&#297;a l&agrave; s&aacute;ch b&aacute;o khi&ecirc;u d&acirc;m, &#273;&#7891;i tr&#7909;y, tuy nhi&ecirc;n t&#7915; &ldquo;&#40643;&#33394;&rdquo; (ho&agrave;ng s&#7855;c) c&#361;ng c&oacute; ngh&#297;a l&agrave; m&agrave;u v&agrave;ng.<\/p>\n<p>D&#7883;ch t&#7915;: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/72484\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/72484<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"catlinks\" class=\"catlinks\" data-mw=\"interface\"><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[ChanhKien.org] &ldquo;Th&agrave;nh &#273;&#7847;u nguy&#7879;t l&#7841;c s&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; tuy&#7871;t, L&acirc;u &#273;&#7847;u ng&#361; canh thanh d&#7909;c tuy&#7879;t. B&#7893;ng b&agrave;n xu&#7845;t h&#7897; ca nh&#7845;t thanh, Th&#7883; l&acirc;u &#273;&ocirc;ng t&acirc;y nh&acirc;n v&#7883; h&agrave;nh. B&#7855;c phong xuy y x&#7841; ng&atilde; b&iacute;nh, B&#7845;t &#432;u y &#273;an &#432;u b&iacute;nh l&atilde;nh. Nghi&#7879;p v&ocirc; cao ty ch&iacute; &#273;&#432;&#417;ng ki&ecirc;n, Nam nhi h&#7919;u c&#7847;u an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[635],"class_list":["post-53431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vanhoa-truyenthong","tag-nuoi-day-con-khoe-manh-truong-thanh"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (4): T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft con l\u1eadp ch\u00ed - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2026\/03\/nuoi-day-con-khoe-manh-truong-thanh-4-tu-minh-lam-guong-dan-dat-con-lap-chi.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (4): T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft con l\u1eadp ch\u00ed - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] &ldquo;Th&agrave;nh &#273;&#7847;u nguy&#7879;t l&#7841;c s&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; tuy&#7871;t, L&acirc;u &#273;&#7847;u ng&#361; canh thanh d&#7909;c tuy&#7879;t. B&#7893;ng b&agrave;n xu&#7845;t h&#7897; ca nh&#7845;t thanh, Th&#7883; l&acirc;u &#273;&ocirc;ng t&acirc;y nh&acirc;n v&#7883; h&agrave;nh. B&#7855;c phong xuy y x&#7841; ng&atilde; b&iacute;nh, B&#7845;t &#432;u y &#273;an &#432;u b&iacute;nh l&atilde;nh. 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