T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p<\/i><\/p>\n
[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u00f4ng Chu, v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1eabn nhau. S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, chi\u1ebfn tranh di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean mi\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201cl\u1ec5 nh\u1ea1c b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eady th\u00ec, \u201c\u00e2m nh\u1ea1c\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o suy tho\u00e1i \u1ea5y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n
K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, khi l\u1ec5 nghi v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c \u2014 t\u1ee9c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c nghi l\u1ec5 cung \u0111\u00ecnh \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00e0i h\u00f2a th\u00f4ng qua \u00e2m thanh h\u00e0i h\u00f2a. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng \u2014 ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n
Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Trung Hoa c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 che ch\u1edf c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eddi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh \u2014 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e0n Tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, Ng\u0169 Anh c\u1ee7a vua \u0110\u1ebf Kh\u1ed1c, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a vua Nghi\u00eau, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a vua Thu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1eadt m\u00e3\u201d d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng giao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Khi Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed nghe kh\u00fac \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ec1, \u00f4ng x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u201cba th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt\u201d, v\u00e0 ca ng\u1ee3i b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa \u201cc\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n\u201d. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 thanh l\u1ecdc t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c suy \u0111\u1ed3i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau th\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng Chu l\u1ea1i tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp nh\u1eefng \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Th\u1ee9 \u201ct\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c\u201d n\u00e0y, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ee5y, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 trang nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 tao nh\u00e3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n
Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111au l\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 d\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n\u201d. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 cao \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, nh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi xa nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00e2m lu\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1edbi ba qu\u00e3ng t\u00e1m. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a: khi th\u00ec qu\u00e1 ch\u00f3i g\u1eaft v\u00e0 cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t, khi l\u1ea1i u u\u1ea5t v\u00e0 phi\u00eau l\u00e3ng, l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 trung dung, t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh. Lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. T\u00ednh d\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai l\u1ec7ch c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5. L\u01b0u Hi vi\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cTh\u00edch Danh- Th\u00edch Nh\u1ea1c Kh\u00ed\u201d (Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh x\u01b0ng- Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5) r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u00e0n Kh\u00f4ng H\u1ea7u (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 c\u1ea7m) do S\u01b0 Di\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c suy \u0111\u1ed3i\u201d. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Kh\u00f4ng H\u1ea7u b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng cho t\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c Ng\u1ee5y. K\u00ea Khang, m\u1ed9t trong Th\u1ea5t Hi\u1ec1n Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m, c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cThanh v\u00f4 ai nh\u1ea1c lu\u1eadn\u201d (Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c): \u201cC\u00f2n nh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tinh vi t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh. \u00c2m thanh m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ef9 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m say \u0111\u1eafm \u00fd ch\u00ed; \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 v\u00e0 kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p\u201d. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 nh\u1ea1c Tr\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tinh m\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u2014 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nam ca s\u0129 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c, t\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec1u ca kh\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong giai \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ca t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c, tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u201cvua c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau\u201d v\u00f4 song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a anh ta tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua hai th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i, theo ch\u00e2n anh kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eadt kh\u00f3c ngay kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ca s\u0129 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n
\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi say m\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01b0 \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
Ngay quanh t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00f4 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, xa gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 d\u1ed3n h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, c\u00f4 m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u201cho\u00e0ng t\u1eed trong m\u01a1\u201d, mong bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng do ca kh\u00fac v\u00e0 giai \u0111i\u1ec7u kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 bi th\u1ea3m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc: tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, bi th\u1ea3m trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ea1i \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n
H\u00e3y th\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ebfu qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u trong s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 suy \u0111\u1ed3i, c\u00e1i t\u00f4i b\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u2014 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m hay li\u00eam s\u1ec9, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 hay sao?<\/p>\n
T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c suy \u0111\u1ed3i c\u00f2n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ma t\u00fay. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3: \u201cNg\u0169 s\u1eafc linh nh\u00e2n m\u1ee5c manh; ng\u0169 \u00e2m linh nh\u00e2n nh\u0129 lung; ng\u0169 v\u1ecb linh nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u s\u1ea3ng; tr\u00ec s\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1n li\u1ec7p linh nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t cu\u1ed3ng; nan \u0111\u1eafc chi ho\u00e1 linh nh\u00e2n h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Ng\u0169 s\u1eafc khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u00f9 m\u1eaft; ng\u0169 \u00e2m khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i\u1ebfc tai; ng\u0169 v\u1ecb khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ea l\u01b0\u1ee1i; rong ru\u1ed5i s\u0103n b\u1eafn khi\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u00f3a cu\u1ed3ng; c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u201cV\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a\u201d trong nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Trung Hoa \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u00e2m thanh ph\u1ea3i sinh ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a. Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: \u201cQu\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00f2a nhi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng a dua, k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n a dua m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p). Th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201ch\u00f2a\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d, Nho gia \u0111\u00e3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. \u201cH\u00f2a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u2014 ch\u1ec9 khi bao dung s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi h\u00e0i h\u00f2a ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u00e0i h\u00f2a \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong \u201cL\u1ec5 K\u00fd-Trung Dung\u201d vi\u1ebft: \u201cH\u1ec9 n\u1ed9 ai l\u1ea1c chi v\u1ecb ph\u00e1t, v\u1ecb chi trung; ph\u00e1t nhi giai tr\u00fang ti\u1ebft, v\u1ecb chi h\u00f2a\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Khi vui, gi\u1eadn, bu\u1ed3n, m\u1eebng ch\u01b0a bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 ra, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Trung; \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c, h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u00f2a\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng vui, gi\u1eadn, bu\u1ed3n, s\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 an h\u00f2a. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e3 nh\u1ea1c cung \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Trung Hoa hay \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t chung n\u00e0y \u2014 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c \u2014 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c hay th\u00e1i qu\u00e1. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c gi\u00fap l\u00e0m l\u1eafng d\u1ecbu v\u00e0 an \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebf th\u1eeba quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n, Tu\u00e2n T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cm\u1ef9 thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1c\u201d (s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u). \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u00ec v\u1eady, khi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh th\u00ec ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh l\u1ecdc; khi l\u1ec5 nghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n; c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan tinh anh, kh\u00ed ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a; phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn, thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh \u2014 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vui cho nhau\u201d. Sau Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u00e0 Tu\u00e2n T\u1eed, c\u00e1c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, thi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u1ec7t\u201d \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec9nh cao trong m\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Nho gia.<\/p>\n
\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c v\u1eeba thi\u1ec7n v\u1eeba m\u1ef9, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 thanh nh\u1ea1c hay kh\u00ed nh\u1ea1c, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m do c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, l\u1ea5y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tu luy\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2n \u2013 Thi\u1ec7n \u2013 Nh\u1eabn l\u00e0m kim ch\u1ec9 nam, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 thanh \u00e2m tao nh\u00e3 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c thi\u00eang li\u00eang, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. Ch\u1ec9 khi l\u1eafng nghe lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u1ea5y, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh thanh l\u1ecdc tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed; ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 mua vui.<\/p>\n
D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh: https:\/\/www.pureinsight.org\/node\/7926<\/a><\/p>\n