{"id":51034,"date":"2025-11-28T12:23:44","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T05:23:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=51034"},"modified":"2025-11-28T12:23:44","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T05:23:44","slug":"cha-de-cua-nen-kinh-te-nhat-ban-shibusawa-eiichi-nguoi-chi-ton-tho-duy-nhat-khong-tu-lam-thay-phan-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2025\/11\/cha-de-cua-nen-kinh-te-nhat-ban-shibusawa-eiichi-nguoi-chi-ton-tho-duy-nhat-khong-tu-lam-thay-phan-6.html","title":{"rendered":"Cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n – Shibusawa Eiichi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 t\u00f4n th\u1edd duy nh\u1ea5t Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed l\u00e0m Th\u1ea7y (Ph\u1ea7n 6)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0110\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cLu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00e0n t\u00ednh\u201d, hi\u1ec3u ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Nho h\u1ecdc<\/i><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: L\u01b0u Nh\u01b0<\/i><\/p>\n

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 n\u0103m h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 xin vi\u1ec7c do d\u01b0 th\u1eeba nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i. T\u1ea1i sao n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u t\u00fa, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho h\u1ecd v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1edd m\u1ecbt ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1eady th\u00ec r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Shibusawa Eiichi s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u00ecnh c\u1edd tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y t\u1eeb s\u1edbm, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong trong gi\u1edbi kinh doanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cLu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00e0n t\u00ednh\u201d c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng mang t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cM\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 th\u1eeba nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i\u201d. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n Shibusawa Eiichi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y khi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea7u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n cung nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1931) \u0111ang d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ngu\u1ed3n cung nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao. Nh\u00ecn chung, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng h\u1ee3p t\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch; tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00ean \u0111i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1edbi nhau. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1. Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u1edf giai t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ai ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao lu\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 sai b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean, hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nghe theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i cho t\u00e0i hoa v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1eady th\u00ec hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i s\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u00edt \u1ecfi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra, cho d\u00f9 \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ra s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao, v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n c\u00e3i n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean, Shibusawa Eiichi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc (cao \u0111\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, khi cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nhau, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u00ec cao, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ki\u00eau c\u0103ng ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n, n\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 n\u00f3ng n\u1ea3y, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh, quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fat l\u00e0 o\u00e1n tr\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c coi nh\u1eb9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tinh th\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ngu\u1ed3n cung nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m, tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra c\u0169ng l\u1edbn, v\u1eady n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu thi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u1ecd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan, cao kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi th\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, trong t\u00e2m th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. H\u1ecd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, n\u1ebfu ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, v\u1eady th\u00ec sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Do v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n sinh ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Shibusawa Eiichi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c Terakoya th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i (Terakoya l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ee1 l\u00f2ng do c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Edo, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1eb7t ch\u1eef, h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n, d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v.v. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u01a1 khai th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u00f3 thi\u00ean v\u00e0o ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed3n, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ed1ng so v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp Samurai) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng khai s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc t\u00f9y theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1ea1y theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t huy n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed c\u00f3 3000 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1eddi x\u01b0a h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u1ed3m T\u1ee9 Th\u01b0 v\u00e0 Ng\u0169 Kinh v.v., nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i. H\u1ecdc sinh th\u1eddi x\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi suy ngh\u0129, l\u00fd t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o nhanh nh\u1eb9n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, do v\u1eady s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn; trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd s\u00e2u xa, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh k\u00e9m c\u1ecfi, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, r\u1eddi xa th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft (kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt). Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft suy x\u00e9t (ngay c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u0169ng v\u1eady) v\u1ec1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p hay kh\u00f4ng, lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p cao, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft suy x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00ean m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng theo phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n bi\u1ebft ph\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay \u2014 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c s\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ebb tr\u00e1n, ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0\u1ee1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 sinh ra ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 u s\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 do quan ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u00ea gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, tho\u00e1t ly \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ai c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng cam ch\u1ecbu ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. S\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb, v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quan l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00ec bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, vui v\u1ebb gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft th\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ph\u00fac cho thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vinh nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn bi\u1ebft l\u00f9i, bi\u1ebft nhu bi\u1ebft c\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng bao dung v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 khi Shibusawa Eiichi t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khuy\u00ean can kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u1eady, v\u00ec trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Minh Tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c xem th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m kinh doanh, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 cao qu\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n suy ngh\u0129 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang theo t\u01b0 t\u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec. C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 cao qu\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng, h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 vinh di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. V\u1eady n\u00ean, nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u00ean b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh suy x\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cao hay th\u1ea5p, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u1ed1ng theo phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac; qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u01b0u phi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/245289<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cLu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00e0n t\u00ednh\u201d, hi\u1ec3u ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Nho h\u1ecdc T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: L\u01b0u Nh\u01b0 [ChanhKien.org] C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 n\u0103m h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. 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