[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u1ed7i tr\u0103n tr\u1edf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u. V\u00ec sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1edbn m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1eb1ng khao kh\u00e1t t\u00ecm l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ebft gia, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng truy t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh. V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh, tuy r\u1eb1ng trong gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00f4ng \u00edt gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0o th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1859, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i\u201d, nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Darwin \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e0u t\u00ednh g\u1ee3i m\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1, cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3n” trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i; thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Do vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1nh nh\u00ecn ra v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 bao la ngo\u00e0i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. N\u0103m 1907, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n S. Arrhenius \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng, sinh m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 sinh ra tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng vi sinh v\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 theo \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u00d4ng g\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft tha sinh (Thuy\u1ebft Panspermia), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i”. Th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1971, F. Crick t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng tin V\u0103n minh Ngo\u00e0i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, sinh m\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt do m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh cao c\u1ea5p ngo\u00e0i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i. C\u00f3 hai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n cho th\u1ea5y sinh m\u1ec7nh t\u1eebng b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft x\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ea5p h\u01a1n hai l\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Crick d\u00f9ng Thuy\u1ebft Sinh Nguy\u00ean C\u00f3 \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t sinh m\u1ec7nh cao c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3n ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 ra.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. N\u0103m 1982, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn Gallup cho th\u1ea5y, \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng sinh m\u1ec7nh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ebf, c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u1edf Anh th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng sau khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, sinh m\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i) th\u00ec chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi hai ph\u1ea7n ba. Do quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb v\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng hai ph\u1ea7n ba s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt – \u0110\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb sau n\u0103m 1949 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u201cv\u00f4 th\u1ea7n lu\u1eadn\u201d, \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc (t\u00e0 \u00e1c)\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cthuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a\u201d. Sau 56 n\u0103m b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u201cT\u00f4i tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a\u201d.<\/p>\n
Trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Trung Hoa 5.000 n\u0103m, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i cho r\u1eb1ng sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt – \u0110\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m nay. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu luy\u1ec7n, sau khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua tu luy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed5n quy ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c nguy\u00ean lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u201cM\u1ed9ng t\u1ec9nh\u201d:<\/p>\n
Tr\u1ea3i mu\u00f4n v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp, n\u01a1i th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i \u0111i
\n\u0110\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u chi m\u00e0 lao t\u1ee9?
\nQuy\u1ec1n, danh, l\u1ee3i, s\u1eafc n\u01a1i th\u1ebf gian c\u00f3 b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u?
\nH\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n th\u1ecbnh hay suy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadt ta v\u1ed1n tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi cao
\nBao ganh \u0111ua th\u1eafng thua nh\u01b0 ph\u00f9 v\u00e2n
\nNhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecb phi l\u00e0 \u00e2n o\u00e1n t\u1eeb bao ki\u1ebfp
\nH\u00e3y mau t\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p, ta h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng!<\/p>\n
V\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m khuy\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n m\u00ea l\u1ea1c trong th\u1ebf gian r\u1eb1ng: Sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Ti\u00ean Thi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00e3y mau ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed5n quy ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng qua tu luy\u1ec7n ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n