[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Kh\u00f3a 1:<\/p>\n
\u201cV\u00f4 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i Thi\u00ean
\nC\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y
\n\u00c2m c\u01b0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t
\nB\u00e1t thi\u00ean n\u1eef qu\u1ef7\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh v\u0103n n\u00e0y k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n \u201cVong T\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3 H\u1ed3\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gian trong c\u00e2u ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian, n\u00ean khi tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a l\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ch\u1eef v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 ra. \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i Thi\u00ean, c\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y\u201d – c\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
Trong danh t\u00e1c \u201cXu\u1ea5t S\u01b0 Bi\u1ec3u\u201d Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1ea7n c\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft m\u1edbi th\u00f4i\u201d. B\u1ed1n ch\u1eef \u201cc\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y\u201d \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y\u201d, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra b\u1ed1n ch\u1eef n\u00e0y, th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Hoa trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda 2500 n\u0103m sau. \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i Thi\u00ean\u201d ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giang s\u01a1n nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n v\u1eadn kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, m\u1ed9t Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e3 tr\u00e0ng, v\u00ec sao v\u1eabn t\u1eadn t\u00e2m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh?! C\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 tin h\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi \u201cH\u1eadu ch\u1ee7\u201d (v\u1ecb vua sau c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i) A \u0110\u1ea9u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, d\u00f9 L\u01b0u B\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng danh ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n thu\u1eadn l\u00ean ng\u00f4i x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean ph\u1eadn b\u1ec1 t\u00f4i. Ki\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba mang trong m\u00ecnh t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc tr\u00ed gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u chi?<\/p>\n
Chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 tin h\u00e3y c\u00f2n \u1edf ph\u00eda sau, \u201c\u00c2m c\u01b0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t\u201d l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c sau khi Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1n quan Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ea1o \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh H\u1eadu ch\u1ee7 L\u01b0u Thi\u1ec7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t tri\u1ec1u c\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed1i ren, \u201c\u00c2m c\u01b0\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u00fd ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n l\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00e0n c\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean 263, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Chung H\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 \u1edf Ki\u1ebfm M\u00f4n Quan (ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfm C\u00e1c, T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay), chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1eb1ng co. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng Ng\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb qu\u1eadn \u00c2m B\u00ecnh (V\u0103n huy\u1ec7n, Cam T\u00fac), v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u1ef1c n\u00fai non tr\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh d\u1eabn binh \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o tr\u1ecdng tr\u1ea5n Giang Du (Giang Du, T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean) c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4.<\/p>\n
L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, H\u1eadu ch\u1ee7 L\u01b0u Thi\u1ec7n nghe tin qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng xa nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1, con trai \u00f4ng l\u00e0 B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecba V\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0u Th\u1ea7m l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, tuy nhi\u00ean d\u00f9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf khuy\u00ean ng\u0103n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o L\u01b0u Thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nghe, do \u0111\u00f3 L\u01b0u Th\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfu Chi\u00eau Li\u1ec7t (th\u1ee5y hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u B\u1ecb), lo s\u1ee3 h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1ebft th\u00ea t\u1eed r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn theo, l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0m l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean gi\u00e1n. L\u01b0u Thi\u1ec7n \u1ea5y th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng, v\u1eabn h\u1ea1 chi\u1ebfu l\u1ec7nh cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng Chung H\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t vong, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201c\u00c2m c\u01b0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u201cB\u00e1t thi\u00ean n\u1eef qu\u1ef7\u201d (\u516b\u5343\u5973\u9b3c) h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef \u201cNg\u1ee5y\u201d (\u9b4f), c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Tam Qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng \u1edf trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ba th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u00f9ng va ch\u1ea1m, gi\u1eb1ng co trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa n\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u201cTrung\u201d, \u201cNgh\u0129a\u201d, \u201cGian\u201d, \u201cTr\u00ed\u201d, \u201cM\u01b0u\u201d, \u201cD\u0169ng\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng qua t\u1eebng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi h\u1ecd b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f3a 2:<\/p>\n
\u201cH\u1ecfa th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecfa
\nQuang ch\u00fac Trung th\u1ed5
\nX\u01b0ng danh b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh
\nGiang \u0110\u00f4ng h\u1eefu h\u1ed5\u201d<\/p>\n
Ti\u1ebfp sau nh\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n. Gia t\u1ed9c T\u01b0 M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Chi\u00eau th\u00ec tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, c\u00e2u th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u201cT\u01b0 M\u00e3 Chi\u00eau chi t\u00e2m\u201d v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u \u201cai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft\u201d (ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng d\u1ea1 T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Chi\u00eau ai nh\u00ecn c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y). Sau khi nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c di\u1ec7t vong, th\u1ebf ch\u00e2n v\u1ea1c th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. N\u0103m C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean 265, T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Chi\u00eau qua \u0111\u1eddi, con trai \u00f4ng l\u00e0 T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Vi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n t\u1ebf tr\u1eddi, h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh \u00e9p v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y l\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u1ebf T\u00e0o Ho\u00e1n \u201cthi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d (nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb). \u201cH\u1ecfa th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecfa\u201d, tr\u00ean h\u1ecfa (\u706b) c\u00f3 h\u1ecfa (\u706b) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u201cVi\u00eam\u201d (\u708e), \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Vi\u00eam ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n, x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 T\u1ea5n V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean 280, nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n xu\u1ea5t binh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u00f4, ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ebfn Nghi\u1ec7p (Nam Kinh, Giang T\u00f4), khi \u1ea5y v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 l\u00e0 T\u00f4n H\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ra xin h\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 di\u1ec7t vong. V\u1eady l\u00e0 sau g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 chia c\u1eaft, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cquang ch\u00fac Trung th\u1ed5\u201d (\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng Trung th\u1ed5). Tuy nhi\u00ean huy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1eef \u201cch\u00fac\u201d (\u71ed) n\u00e0y, l\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb \u201cch\u00fac\u201d (ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c) m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi Trung th\u1ed5 th\u00ec kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i l\u00e2u. V\u00ec T\u1ea5n V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Vi\u00eam th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh ngh\u0129a \u201cthi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d m\u00e0 so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cx\u01b0ng danh b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh\u201d.<\/p>\n
Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean 290, sau khi T\u1ea5n V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf qua \u0111\u1eddi, Th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Trung l\u00ean k\u1ebf v\u1ecb, x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ebf, th\u00ec ngay trong n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 Lo\u1ea1n B\u00e1t V\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, m\u1edf m\u00e0n cho th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfp theo m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 lo\u1ea1n Hoa. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 chia c\u1eaft, Trung Nguy\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9. N\u0103m C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean 317, Th\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Du\u1ec7 tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u1edf Ki\u1ebfn Khang tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf v\u1ecb x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebf, l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Ki\u1ebfn Khang (Nam Kinh, Giang T\u00f4), s\u1eed s\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n\u201d. V\u00ec Ki\u1ebfn Khang n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng Giang \u0110\u00f4ng n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cGiang \u0110\u00f4ng h\u1eefu h\u1ed5\u201d (Giang \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed5).<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f3a 3:<\/p>\n
\u201cNhi\u1ec5u nhi\u1ec5u Trung Nguy\u00ean
\nS\u01a1n h\u00e0 v\u00f4 ch\u1ee7
\nNh\u1ecb tam k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb
\nD\u01b0\u01a1ng chung M\u00e3 th\u1ee7y\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 th\u1eadp c\u1eedu qu\u1ed1c, ti\u1ebfp sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 s\u1eed s\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNam-B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u\u201d, cho t\u1edbi th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Trong kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 300 n\u0103m \u1ea5y, Trung Nguy\u00ean r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eeba m\u1edbi h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh b\u1ed7ng ch\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t vong, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, l\u00e2u th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, ng\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y n\u0103m (do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1ecb tam k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb\u201d). V\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y tuy l\u00e2u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 148 n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi qu\u1ebb t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cnhi\u1ec5u nhi\u1ec5u Trung Nguy\u00ean, s\u01a1n h\u00e0 v\u00f4 ch\u1ee7, nh\u1ecb tam k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb\u201d. \u201cM\u00e3 th\u1ee7y\u201d \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c T\u01b0 M\u00e3, c\u00f2n \u201cD\u01b0\u01a1ng chung\u201d \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t khi D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ki\u00ean l\u1eadp ra nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y.<\/p>\n
Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa \u201cM\u00e3\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cD\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u1ea5y, n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ebd dung h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng nhau, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n di c\u01b0 khi\u1ebfn H\u1ed3 t\u1ed9c d\u1ea7n H\u00e1n h\u00f3a, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n li\u1ec7t n\u00e0y t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc l\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n n\u00ean m\u1ed9t H\u00e1n t\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi, t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 tr\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t sau \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian chia c\u1eaft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a H\u00e1n t\u1ef1! Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o khi b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau do s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng tan r\u00e3 v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t vong nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c chia n\u0103m x\u1ebb b\u1ea3y th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e3, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i. \u1ea4y th\u1ebf m\u00e0 H\u00e1n t\u1ef1, tr\u00ean b\u1edd c\u00f5i Trung th\u1ed5 m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, g\u1eafn k\u1ebft t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 huy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng, v\u1ec1 phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, sau khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba khu kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia hay d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i xung \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u201cc\u1ea3i tri\u1ec1u ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eebng m\u00e0n k\u1ecbch l\u1edbn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb ho\u00e0nh quan s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ra trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a huy\u1ec1n c\u01a1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0103n nguy\u00ean v\u00ec sao v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Trung th\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTrung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169ng lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u201ctrung t\u00e2m\u201d hay \u201ctrung \u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Trung th\u1ed5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
Sau th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c, Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp Trung Nguy\u00ean, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Nam-B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tu Ph\u1eadt, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt m\u00f4n. C\u00f2n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ea1o gia l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 trong gi\u1edbi s\u0129 phu, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tin theo \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o, tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u201cthanh \u0111\u00e0m\u201d \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Nho s\u0129, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 dung h\u1ee3p Nho v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c Nho v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00ecn chung, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a hai gia Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1n xuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n gian. \u2018\u0110\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018\u0110\u1ee9c nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf\u2019 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i con d\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u, ba gia Nho-Th\u00edch-\u0110\u1ea1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Hoa, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, mang theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u201cn\u1eeda Th\u1ea7n n\u1eeda nh\u00e2n\u201d, th\u1ebf n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cv\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u00e1n Th\u1ea7n\u201d. V\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u201cnh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n\u201d, c\u1ea3 ba nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u coi tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a, l\u1ec5, tr\u00ed, t\u00edn trong b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, t\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gian. V\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u201cTh\u1ea7n b\u1ea3n\u201d th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u201cCh\u00e2n nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gia, c\u00e1c \u201cGi\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gia hay \u201cTh\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a Nho gia \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 cao s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sinh m\u1ec7nh cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u0103ng hoa th\u00e0nh sinh m\u1ec7nh cao c\u1ea5p, do v\u1eady c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 tu luy\u1ec7n, tu h\u00e0nh hay tu th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u00e2n sinh kinh qua bao t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n c\u0169ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng, th\u1ecb phi th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gia hay c\u00e1i \u201cV\u00f4\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gia, \u0111\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng trang anh h\u00f9ng h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t \u0111ang tung ho\u00e0nh tr\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i sinh m\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi suy t\u01b0: Sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u00ec c\u1edb g\u00ec m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u1ed3i k\u1ecbch n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n