{"id":37047,"date":"2025-04-09T06:10:56","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T23:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=37047"},"modified":"2025-05-29T23:54:58","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T16:54:58","slug":"hanh-trinh-thoi-khong-nghe-thuat-11-nghien-cuu-ky-thuat-ve-tranh-son-dau-truyen-thong-phan-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2025\/04\/hanh-trinh-thoi-khong-nghe-thuat-11-nghien-cuu-ky-thuat-ve-tranh-son-dau-truyen-thong-phan-4.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (11): Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd tranh s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Ph\u1ea7n 4)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, do h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho ph\u00e1i t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Jacques-Louis David v\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1801 cho phu nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Charles-Louis Trudaine. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tuy ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n gi\u00fap cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ebd tranh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Qua b\u1ee9c tranh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o b\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t c\u1ecd nhanh v\u00e0 th\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 n\u1ec1n. H\u1ecda s\u1ef9 d\u00f9ng c\u1ecd v\u1ebd nhanh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m m\u1ecbn tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc v\u00e1y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 n\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1ebd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Louvre.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m canvas tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3, th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o b\u1ee9c tranh r\u1ea5t nhanh, h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tranh, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00faa ki\u1ebfm v\u1eady. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y trong v\u1ebd tranh s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh (c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn quan h\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u – ND). H\u1ecda s\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ebft, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 canvas, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3 – c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 – ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00f9y \u00fd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3\u201d l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong \u0111\u1ea7u, khi h\u1ea1 b\u00fat v\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 \u201cchi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\u201d lu\u00f4n, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi l\u00fac ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0i h\u00f2a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u00edch h\u1ecda, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u01a1n trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ebd tranh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ee9c tranh nhanh h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 v\u1ebd n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9ng – nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u201cchi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\u201d trong l\u1ea7n v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1edfi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 sau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tinh t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ngay l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 sau th\u00ec r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n), tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 d\u1ea7n t\u0129nh l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec trong t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c – t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u v\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u00fat c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd, \u0111\u1eebng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Trong h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch to\u00e0n t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c to\u00e0n nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u00ec s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu chia nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh, r\u1ed3i \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u lu\u00f4n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c suy t\u00ednh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong t\u00e2m, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong b\u1ee9c tranh, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i khi h\u1ea1 b\u00fat v\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1, l\u00fac n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc th\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m 1801, h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Paris, Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Fran\u00e7ois-Andr\u00e9 Vincent \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n dang d\u1edf n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m mang t\u00ean \u201cLa bataille des Pyramides\u201d (Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p). Qua b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i, trong khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m tr\u1eafng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ebd vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t h\u01a1n. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Louvre.<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111ang t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u mong \u0111\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u hay \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 gi\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ee9c tranh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y – c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/49714<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, do h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho ph\u00e1i t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Jacques-Louis David v\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1801 cho phu nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Charles-Louis Trudaine. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tuy ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[551,304],"tags":[486],"class_list":["post-37047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-hoa","category-loat-bai","tag-hanh-trinh-thoi-khong-nghe-thuat"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nH\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (11): Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd tranh s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Ph\u1ea7n 4) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2025\/04\/hanh-trinh-thoi-khong-nghe-thuat-11-nghien-cuu-ky-thuat-ve-tranh-son-dau-truyen-thong-phan-4.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (11): Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd tranh s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Ph\u1ea7n 4) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, do h\u1ecda s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho ph\u00e1i t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Jacques-Louis David v\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1801 cho phu nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Charles-Louis Trudaine. 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