{"id":34989,"date":"2024-11-20T10:07:22","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T03:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=34989"},"modified":"2025-05-30T00:14:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T17:14:40","slug":"du-ngon-ve-ngay-hom-nay-phan-2-gia-cat-luong-va-ma-tien-khoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/11\/du-ngon-ve-ngay-hom-nay-phan-2-gia-cat-luong-va-ma-tien-khoa.html","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay (Ph\u1ea7n 2): Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec3n 1<\/b><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3<\/b><\/p>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc xuy\u00ean th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng<\/i><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec3m qua cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri v\u1ed1n d\u0129 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u201ccao nh\u00e2n phi ph\u00e0m\u201d h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd li\u1ec7t k\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n 1: Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng (sinh n\u0103m 181-234), t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5ng Minh, l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u B\u1ecb nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n trong th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c. Sau khi L\u01b0u B\u1ecb tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kinh bang t\u1ebf th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, d\u1ee5ng binh nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u B\u1ecb th\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 Tam Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u00ednh s\u1eed \u201cTam Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00ed – Truy\u1ec7n Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng \u201cv\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t mao l\u01b0, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 tam ph\u1ea7n\u201d (khi ch\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi c\u0103n nh\u00e0 c\u1ecf th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ra thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n), Kh\u1ed5ng Minh trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cLong trung \u0111\u1ed1i\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho L\u01b0u B\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng Minh. C\u00f2n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u201cXu\u1ea5t s\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u\u201d l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n trung ngh\u0129a \u201cc\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, t\u1eed nhi h\u1eadu k\u1ef7\u201d (t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft m\u1edbi th\u00f4i) c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng Minh.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u201cthi\u1ebft l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong doanh tr\u1ea1i, chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n si\u00eau th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 am hi\u1ec3u binh ph\u00e1p, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u0129 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch l\u00fd \u201cChu d\u1ecbch\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o Chu d\u1ecbch B\u00e1t qu\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft xem t\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n khi Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p Ng\u1ee5y Di\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau n\u00e0y Ng\u1ee5y Di\u00ean s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean sau n\u00e0y khi Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh \u1edf Ng\u0169 Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean, Ng\u1ee5y Di\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong t\u00fai g\u1ea5m r\u1ed3i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 sai \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng M\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i truy s\u00e1t Ng\u1ee5y Di\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eebng l\u00ean n\u00fai c\u1ea7u ph\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0m, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p c\u00f4ng \u01a1n c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u B\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ba l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 tranh t\u00ecm \u00f4ng, hay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00fac th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebf, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady! \u0110\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi, t\u1ea1i sao bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u201cbi\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o l\u00e0m\u201d? Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp sau.<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n binh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n kh\u00f3a\u201d, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ti\u00ean tri v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 trong thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. T\u1eeb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t binh, \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t ng\u1ef1a chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 b\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t \u201ckh\u00f3a\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t qu\u1ebb b\u00f3i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d c\u1ee7a Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n kh\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00ec d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00e1 c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc, m\u1ed7i \u201ckh\u00f3a\u201d ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n kh\u00e1c ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy lu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i \u00edt s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 14 kh\u00f3a. M\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c, n\u1ed9i dung ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Trong kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ebft \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i thi\u00ean, c\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, \u00e2m c\u01b0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t, b\u00e1t thi\u00ean n\u1eef qu\u1ef7\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i Tr\u1eddi, khom m\u00ecnh g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c, \u00e2m t\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t, t\u00e1m ng\u00e0n n\u1eef qu\u1ef7). Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u201cXu\u1ea5t S\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u\u201d \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1ea7n c\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft m\u1edbi th\u00f4i\u201d, t\u00e1m ch\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft giang s\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n kh\u00ed s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, cho n\u00ean trong \u201cTam qu\u1ed1c di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a\u201d vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: \u201cKh\u1ed5ng Minh l\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t K\u1ef3 S\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n, d\u1ee5c d\u0129 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u00ean b\u1ed5\u201d (D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: Kh\u1ed5ng Minh s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh K\u1ef3 S\u01a1n, mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t tay v\u00e1 tr\u1eddi), ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t tay m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m trung gian h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba; \u201cH\u00e0 k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1o th\u1eed chung, tr\u01b0\u1eddng tinh b\u00e1n d\u1ea1 l\u1ea1c s\u01a1n \u1ed5\u201d (D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: H\u00e0 k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eadn, sao tr\u01b0\u1eddng tinh n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ebbm n\u00fai), ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 giang s\u01a1n nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u1ed3i; \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng tinh b\u00e1n d\u1ea1 l\u1ea1c s\u01a1n \u1ed5\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u1edf Ng\u0169 Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean. Cho n\u00ean, kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ebft \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i thi\u00ean, c\u00fac cung t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng. \u201c\u00c2m c\u01b0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t, b\u00e1t thi\u00ean n\u1eef qu\u1ef7\u201d \u1edf v\u1ebf sau, \u201cb\u00e1t thi\u00ean n\u1eef qu\u1ef7\u201d n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 ch\u1eef, ch\u1eef \u201cb\u00e1t\u201d (\u516b) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1eef \u201cthi\u00ean\u201d (\u5343), ch\u1eef \u201cn\u1eef\u201d (\u5973) v\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u201cqu\u1ef7\u201d (\u9b3c), h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef \u201cNg\u1ee5y\u201d (\u9b4f), ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ee5y ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

14 kh\u00f3a ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1ed7i kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 4 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u1ebb vi\u1ebft \u201cTh\u1eadp b\u00e1t nam nhi, kh\u1edfi vu Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean\u201d. Ch\u1eef \u201cnam nhi\u201d n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta khi sinh con g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eed\u201d (\u5b50), ba ch\u1eef th\u1eadp (\u5341) b\u00e1t (\u516b) t\u1eed (\u5b50) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef \u201cL\u00fd\u201d (\u674e), m\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 do cha con L\u00fd Nguy\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean; \u201ckh\u1edfi vu Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean\u201d, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 L\u00fd Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi binh t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 8 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Minh, nh\u00e0 Minh l\u00e0 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 do Chu Nguy\u00ean Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u1ebb n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft \u201cNh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t l\u1ec7 thi\u00ean\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1 ph\u00eda sau, ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1eadt\u201d (\u65e5) th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u201cnguy\u1ec7t\u201d (\u6708) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u201cMinh\u201d (\u660e), ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Minh, ch\u1eef \u201cx\u00edch\u201d trong \u201ck\u1ef3 s\u1eafc nh\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00edch\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a chu sa, \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Chu. \u201cMi\u00ean mi\u00ean di\u00ean di\u00ean, ph\u00e0n th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: K\u00e9o d\u00e0i li\u00ean mi\u00ean, g\u1ed3m 16 l\u00e1) \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Minh t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n qua 16 \u0111\u1eddi ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t nghi v\u1ea5n, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t ra kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129. \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a v\u00e0o n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Th\u1ee7 Nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i n\u00fai B\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1c, \u00f4ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 86 tu\u1ed5i. Trong \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTh\u1ee7y nguy\u1ec7t h\u1eefu ch\u1ee7, c\u1ed5 nguy\u1ec7t vi qu\u00e2n\u201d. \u201cTh\u1ee7y nguy\u1ec7t h\u1eefu ch\u1ee7\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 ch\u1eef, ba d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m th\u1ee7y th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u201cnguy\u1ec7t\u201d (\u6708), th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u201cch\u1ee7\u201d (\u4e3b), h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef \u201cThanh\u201d (\u6e05)\u00a0; \u201cc\u1ed5 nguy\u1ec7t vi qu\u00e2n\u201d, ch\u1eef \u201cc\u1ed5\u201d (\u53e4) th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u201cnguy\u1ec7t\u201d (\u6708) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef \u201ch\u1ed3\u201d (\u80e1). Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh do t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u (ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3) th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, cho n\u00ean \u201cc\u1ed5 nguy\u1ec7t vi qu\u00e2n\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Trung Nguy\u00ean. Ph\u00eda sau c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1m ch\u1eef: \u201cth\u1eadp truy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ed1ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh nh\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2n\u201d, c\u00e2u n\u00e0y l\u00e3o h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7 Nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cL\u00e3o t\u0103ng sinh v\u00e0o n\u0103m Gia Kh\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 10, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1806), n\u0103m nay \u0111\u00e3 86 tu\u1ed5i (n\u0103m 1892), m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u sau n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m n\u00f3i b\u1eeba\u201d. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 l\u00e3o h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7 Nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00eam m\u1ea5y th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u1eefa, t\u1eadn m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng T\u00e2n H\u1ee3i n\u0103m 1911 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh l\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb, th\u00ec kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u201cTh\u1ed1ng\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u201cTuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng\u201d, \u201cth\u1eadp truy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ed1ng\u201d ch\u1ec9 tri\u1ec1u Thanh t\u00ednh t\u1eeb khi ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Thu\u1eadn Tr\u1ecb l\u00ean ng\u00f4i x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Tuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 10 v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00c1i T\u00e2n Gi\u00e1c La. N\u1ed7 Nh\u0129 C\u00e1p X\u00edch truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i cho Ho\u00e0ng Th\u00e1i C\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i S\u01a1n H\u1ea3i Quan, sau n\u00e0y khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 Thanh ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o S\u01a1n H\u1ea3i Quan r\u1ed3i l\u1eadp ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Thu\u1eadn Tr\u1ecb l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, Thu\u1eadn Tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i cho Khang Hy, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 Ung Ch\u00ednh, C\u00e0n Long, Gia Kh\u00e1nh, \u0110\u1ea1o Quang, H\u00e0m Phong, \u0110\u1ed3ng Tr\u1ecb, Quang T\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng, t\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang 10 v\u1ecb Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, \u201ctuy\u1ec7t th\u1ed1ng\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra, l\u00e3o h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 10 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa, T\u00f4n Trung S\u01a1n s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c, trong t\u1eadp 2 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u201cM\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 11 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa, c\u00f2n ba kh\u00f3a sau \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Kh\u00f3a th\u1ee9 13 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cHi\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t di d\u00e3, thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 nh\u1ea5t gia, v\u00f4 danh v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee9c, quang di\u1ec7u Trung Hoa\u201d (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Hi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i m\u1ea5t, thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng danh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi Trung Hoa), \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf, k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1i vi\u00ean m\u00e3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, trong t\u1eadp 3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn kim t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/62622<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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