{"id":34421,"date":"2024-09-21T06:38:05","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T23:38:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=34421"},"modified":"2025-05-24T23:26:08","modified_gmt":"2025-05-24T16:26:08","slug":"loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html","title":{"rendered":"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (21): H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Olmec"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<p><b>[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i c&oacute; l&#432;u truy&#7873;n c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i. Trong S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh &ndash; H&#7843;i ngo&#7841;i B&#7855;c Kinh c&oacute; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, khi ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7871;n g&#7847;n M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i th&igrave; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&aacute;t n&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave; mu&#7889;n u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c, n&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng v&agrave; s&ocirc;ng V&#7883;, nh&#432;ng n&#432;&#7899;c s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng v&agrave; s&ocirc;ng V&#7883; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7911;, Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;i v&#7873; ph&iacute;a b&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n h&#7891; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c. Ch&#432;a k&#7883;p &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i th&igrave; anh &#273;&atilde; ch&#7871;t kh&aacute;t d&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. C&acirc;y g&#7853;y c&#7911;a anh bi&#7871;n th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t r&#7915;ng &#273;&agrave;o&rdquo;. Trong S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh &ndash; &#272;&#7841;i hoang B&#7855;c Kinh vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;&#7902; v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t hoang vu xa x&ocirc;i nh&#7845;t c&oacute; m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n n&uacute;i t&ecirc;n l&agrave; Th&agrave;nh &#272;&ocirc; T&#7843;i Thi&ecirc;n. C&oacute; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&agrave;n &ocirc;ng &#273;eo hai con r&#7855;n v&agrave;ng l&agrave;m khuy&ecirc;n tai, trong tay c&ograve;n c&#7847;m hai con r&#7855;n v&agrave;ng, t&ecirc;n l&agrave; Khoa Ph&#7909;. H&#7853;u Th&#7893; sinh ra T&iacute;n, T&iacute;n sinh ra Khoa Ph&#7909;. Khoa Ph&#7909; kh&ocirc;ng t&#7921; l&#432;&#7907;ng s&#7913;c m&igrave;nh, mu&#7889;n &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng c&#361;ng b&#7855;t k&#7883;p M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i t&#7841;i v&ugrave;ng Ngu C&#7889;c. Khoa Ph&#7909; v&igrave; kh&aacute;t n&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng nh&#432;ng n&#432;&#7899;c s&ocirc;ng kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7911; u&#7889;ng, n&ecirc;n anh b&egrave;n &#273;&#7871;n h&#7891; l&#7899;n &#7903; ph&iacute;a B&#7855;c, ch&#432;a k&#7883;p &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i th&igrave; &#273;&atilde; ch&#7871;t kh&aacute;t gi&#7919;a &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng&rdquo;. Quy&#7875;n s&aacute;ch c&#361;ng n&oacute;i r&#7857;ng, &#7912;ng Long &#273;&atilde; gi&#7871;t Xi V&#432;u, l&#7841;i gi&#7871;t Khoa Ph&#7909;, sau &#273;&oacute; &#7912;ng Long &#273;&atilde; ch&#7841;y xu&#7889;ng mi&#7873;n Nam &#273;&#7875; c&#432; ng&#7909;, v&igrave; th&#7871; mi&#7873;n Nam c&oacute; m&#432;a nhi&#7873;u. Trong &ldquo;Li&#7879;t T&#7917; &ndash; &#272;&#432;&#7901;ng V&#7845;n&rdquo; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Khoa Ph&#7909; kh&ocirc;ng t&#7921; l&#432;&#7907;ng s&#7913;c m&igrave;nh, mu&#7889;n &#273;u&#7893;i theo c&aacute;i b&oacute;ng M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, l&uacute;c &#273;u&#7893;i &#273;&#7871;n v&ugrave;ng Ngung C&#7889;c th&igrave; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&aacute;t n&ecirc;n mu&#7889;n u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c, li&#7873;n ch&#7841;y &#273;&#7871;n s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng v&agrave; s&ocirc;ng V&#7883; &#273;&#7875; u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c, n&#432;&#7899;c s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng v&agrave; s&ocirc;ng V&#7883; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7911;, li&#7873;n &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n h&#7891; l&#7899;n ph&iacute;a B&#7855;c u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c. Ch&#432;a k&#7883;p &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i th&igrave; &#273;&atilde; ch&#7871;t gi&#7919;a &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. V&#7913;t b&#7887; c&acirc;y g&#7853;y trong tay, thi th&#7875; Khoa Ph&#7909; ng&#7845;m xu&#7889;ng &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t khu r&#7915;ng r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7871;n h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;n d&#7863;m&rdquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Khi n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh nh&acirc;n lo&#7841;i l&#7847;n n&agrave;y v&#7915;a m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u, &#7903; Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7901;i k&#7923; c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i x&aacute;c th&#7921;c c&oacute; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i b&#7897; l&#7841;c Khoa Ph&#7909;. Th&#7911; l&#297;nh c&#7911;a b&#7897; l&#7841;c t&ecirc;n l&agrave; Khoa Ph&#7909;. &ldquo;&#272;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i&rdquo; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&agrave; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c di c&#432; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&agrave;i c&#7911;a b&#7897; t&#7897;c trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a t&#7893; ti&ecirc;n Trung Qu&#7889;c. Trong m&#7845;y tr&#259;m n&#259;m, ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c &#273;i v&#7873; h&#432;&#7899;ng &#272;&ocirc;ng, &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, cho &#273;&#7871;n khi l&atilde;nh th&#7893; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7871;n v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t ch&acirc;u M&#7929;, &#273;&acirc;y ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n &ldquo;Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i&rdquo;. Do h&#7841;n h&aacute;n thi&#7871;u n&#432;&#7899;c, c&aacute;c th&#7911; l&#297;nh c&#7911;a b&#7897; l&#7841;c Khoa Ph&#7909; tuy r&#7857;ng &#273;&atilde; ch&#7871;t m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch bi tr&aacute;ng trong c&aacute;c cu&#7897;c di c&#432;, nh&#432;ng h&#7885; l&#7841;i mang &#273;&#7871;n cho ch&acirc;u M&#7929; ng&#7885;n l&#7917;a c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh nh&acirc;n lo&#7841;i l&#7847;n n&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>Nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a nh&agrave; s&#7917; h&#7885;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i V&#432;&#417;ng &#272;&#7841;i H&#7919;u cho bi&#7871;t, trong &ldquo;H&#7843;i ngo&#7841;i &#272;&ocirc;ng Kinh&rdquo;, &ldquo;&#272;&#7841;i hoang &#272;&ocirc;ng Kinh&rdquo; &#273;&atilde; ghi ch&eacute;p l&#7841;i cu&#7897;c di c&#432; quy m&ocirc; l&#7899;n c&#7911;a t&#7897;c ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909;, t&#7897;c ng&#432;&#7901;i Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o, ng&#432;&#7901;i Chuy&ecirc;n H&uacute;c &#273;&#7871;n ch&acirc;u M&#7929; v&agrave;o kho&#7843;ng <span dir=\"ltr\">5000 &ndash; 6000<\/span> n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c. Sau khi Vi&ecirc;m Ho&agrave;ng &#273;&aacute;nh b&#7841;i Xi V&#432;u (kho&#7843;ng 6000 n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c), ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; t&#7915; Th&aacute;i H&agrave;nh S&#417;n, Hoa S&#417;n th&aacute;o ch&#7841;y v&#7873; khu v&#7921;c H&agrave; S&aacute;o, &Acirc;m S&#417;n. Sau &#273;&oacute; l&#7841;i &#273;i theo h&#432;&#7899;ng B&#7855;c b&#7901; &#272;&ocirc;ng h&#7891; Baikal, &#273;&#7843;o Sakhalin, b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Kamchatka, &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c &Aacute;, v&ugrave;ng B&#7855;c C&#7921;c v&agrave; Qu&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;o Aleutian, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c B&#7855;c M&#7929;, Trung M&#7929; v&agrave; Nam M&#7929;. Ng&#432;&#7901;i Di, Vu Di, Khoa Di s&#7889;ng &#7903; th&#7901;i nh&agrave; H&#7841;, Th&#432;&#417;ng, Chu; n&#432;&#7899;c &#272;&#7841;i H&aacute;n &#7903; th&#7901;i k&#7923; Nam B&#7855;c tri&#7873;u (xem &ldquo;L&#432;&#417;ng Th&#432;&rdquo;, L&#7883;ch s&#7917; nh&agrave; L&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a Nam tri&#7873;u); c&#361;ng nh&#432; ng&#432;&#7901;i Eskimo (ng&#432;&#7901;i H&aacute;ch Tri&#7871;t), ng&#432;&#7901;i Aleut, ng&#432;&#7901;i Chavin ng&agrave;y nay, h&#7885; &#273;&#7873;u l&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; v&agrave; h&#7853;u du&#7879; c&#7911;a h&#7885;. Trong &ldquo;&#272;&#7841;i hoang &#272;&ocirc;ng Kinh&rdquo; c&oacute; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;&#7902; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng Nam c&#7911;a v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t hoang vu xa x&ocirc;i nh&#7845;t c&oacute; m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n n&uacute;i t&ecirc;n l&agrave; B&igrave; M&#7851;u &#272;&#7883;a Kh&acirc;u&rdquo;. Trong s&aacute;ch &ldquo;Ho&agrave;i Nam &ndash; &#272;&#7883;a H&igrave;nh Hu&#7845;n&rdquo; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng Nam c&oacute; ng&#7885;n n&uacute;i Ba M&#7851;u&rdquo;. Th&#7921;c ra, Ba M&#7851;u (&acirc;m &#273;&#7885;c l&agrave; b&#333;m&#468;), B&igrave; M&#7851;u (p&iacute;m&#468;) v&agrave; Ba C&#7889;c (b&#333;g&#468;) &#273;&#7873;u l&agrave; ch&#7881; Peru c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i, c&ograve;n thung l&#361;ng Vir&uacute; l&agrave; c&aacute;i n&ocirc;i c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a Chavin &#7903; Peru ng&agrave;y nay. &#272;&#7897;ng Minh K&yacute; ghi ch&eacute;p l&agrave; &ldquo;L&#7863;c T&#7845;t Qu&#7889;c (&acirc;m &#273;&#7885;c l&egrave;b&igrave;gu&oacute;)&rdquo;, c&ograve;n trong &ldquo;T&acirc;y D&#432;&#417;ng T&#7841;p Tr&#7903;&rdquo; vi&#7871;t T&#7845;t L&#7863;c Qu&#7889;c (b&igrave;l&egrave;gu&oacute;), m&agrave; trong &#272;&#7895; D&#432;&#417;ng T&#7841;p Bi&ecirc;n &ndash; quy&#7875;n th&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7841;i vi&#7871;t l&agrave; Di La qu&#7889;c (m&iacute;lu&oacute;gu&oacute;). Nh&#7919;ng c&aacute;i t&ecirc;n n&agrave;y &#273;&#7873;u l&agrave; ch&#7881; Peru c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i. Ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;&atilde; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c c&#7911;a h&#7885; &#7903; ba n&#417;i c&#7911;a ch&acirc;u M&#7929;, &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; B&igrave;nh Kh&acirc;u (Pingqiu), B&aacute;ch C&#7889;c (Baigu), n&uacute;i &#272;&agrave;o &#272;&ocirc; (Taodu) thu&#7897;c v&ugrave;ng Alaska c&#7911;a ch&acirc;u M&#7929;; v&agrave; &#7903; v&ugrave;ng Thang C&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang (thu&#7897;c d&#7843;i &#273;&#7845;t Mexico c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i), nay l&agrave; Trung M&#7929;.<\/p>\n<p>Sau &#273;&oacute; ng&#432;&#7901;i Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o &#273;&#7871;n v&agrave; &#273;&atilde; x&#7843;y ra xung &#273;&#7897;t, ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; di chuy&#7875;n v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng v&ugrave;ng l&#432;u v&#7921;c s&ocirc;ng Rio Grande, sau &#273;&oacute; di c&#432; v&#7873; ph&iacute;a Nam &#273;&#7871;n Peru r&#7891;i &#273;&#7883;nh c&#432; &#7903; &#273;&oacute;, &#273;&#7875; r&#7891;i s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o ra n&#7873;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a Chavin. V&#259;n h&oacute;a Chavin ra &#273;&#7901;i v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n v&agrave;o kho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 2500 tr&#432;&#7899;c C&ocirc;ng nguy&ecirc;n, t&#7891;n t&#7841;i li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c cho &#273;&#7871;n kho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 500 tr&#432;&#7899;c C&ocirc;ng nguy&ecirc;n. Khoa Ph&#7909; l&agrave; con c&#7911;a M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, t&#7897;c Khoa Ph&#7909; t&ocirc;n s&ugrave;ng v&#7853;t t&#7893; Th&#7847;n M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i t&#7915; B&#7855;c M&#7929; &#273;&#7871;n Nam M&#7929;, h&#7885; t&ocirc;n th&#7901; v&#7883; Th&#7847;n M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, v&agrave; v&#7883; Th&#7847;n n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh t&iacute;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#7889;i th&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885;.<\/p>\n<p><b>V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o Hi H&ograve;a<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Trong &ldquo;S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh &ndash; &#272;&#7841;i hoang &#272;&ocirc;ng Kinh&rdquo; c&oacute; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Ngo&agrave;i bi&#7875;n &#272;&ocirc;ng H&#7843;i c&oacute; m&#7897;t khe n&#7913;t l&#7899;n, &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o&rdquo;. C&aacute;c h&#7885;c gi&#7843; s&#7917; h&#7885;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i cho r&#7857;ng khe n&#7913;t l&#7899;n n&agrave;y l&agrave; ch&#7881; thung l&#361;ng Colorado &#7903; Hoa K&#7923;, V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o l&agrave; ch&#7881; V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o Hi H&ograve;a. Khi t&#7897;c Khoa Ph&#7909; khai hoang v&ugrave;ng &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c &Aacute;, l&#7841;i c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7897;c Xi V&#432;u v&agrave; t&#7897;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o l&#7847;n l&#432;&#7907;t chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n. V&igrave; l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng ch&iacute;nh c&#7911;a t&#7897;c Xi V&#432;u kh&ocirc;ng mu&#7889;n ph&#7909;c t&ugrave;ng t&#7897;c Hi&ecirc;n Vi&ecirc;n do Ho&agrave;ng &#272;&#7871; th&#7889;ng tr&#7883;, do &#273;&oacute; h&#7885; d&#7901;i &#273;&#7871;n v&ugrave;ng ph&iacute;a B&#7855;c, t&#7913;c l&#432;u v&#7921;c s&ocirc;ng T&ugrave;ng Hoa thu&#7897;c t&#7881;nh H&#7855;c Long Giang ng&agrave;y nay. Ti&#7871;p &#273;&oacute;, h&#7885; l&#7841;i di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n b&ecirc;n ngo&agrave;i d&atilde;y n&uacute;i H&#432;ng An, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng l&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n v&ugrave;ng &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c &Aacute;. T&#7897;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o l&agrave; m&#7897;t nh&aacute;nh c&#7911;a t&#7897;c Th&aacute;i H&#7841;o (Ph&#7909;c Hy) di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n v&ugrave;ng h&#7841; l&#432;u s&ocirc;ng Ho&agrave;ng H&agrave;, v&igrave; &#273;&#7875; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng khu v&#7921;c sinh s&#7889;ng, h&#7885; c&#361;ng di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c &Aacute;. T&#7897;c Xi V&#432;u v&agrave; t&#7897;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o d&#7847;n d&#7847;n h&ograve;a nh&#7853;p v&agrave;o t&#7897;c Khoa Ph&#7909;, h&#7885; c&ugrave;ng nhau di c&#432; v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng, ti&#7871;n v&agrave;o B&#7855;c M&#7929;, sau &#273;&oacute; chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng xu&#7889;ng ph&iacute;a Nam. T&#7897;c Xi V&#432;u di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n l&#432;u v&#7921;c s&ocirc;ng Mississippi &#7903; B&#7855;c M&#7929;, ph&acirc;n b&#7889; &#7903; c&aacute;c bang Tennessee, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Mississippi v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng n&#417;i kh&aacute;c. T&#7897;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o s&#7889;ng &#7903; mi&#7873;n Nam California v&agrave; mi&#7873;n B&#7855;c Mexico, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i l&#7853;p n&ecirc;n V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o Hi H&ograve;a &#7903; Trung M&#7929;.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi ng&#432;&#7901;i Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o &#273;&#7871;n ch&acirc;u M&#7929;, h&#7885; v&#7851;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n gi&#7919; li&ecirc;n l&#7841;c v&#7899;i qu&ecirc; h&#432;&#417;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c, duy ch&#7881; trong S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh m&#7899;i c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng ghi ch&eacute;p chu&#7849;n x&aacute;c t&#7881; m&#7881; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o Hi H&ograve;a &#7903; ch&acirc;u M&#7929; v&#7873; n&uacute;i s&ocirc;ng, c&#7843;nh quan, kho&aacute;ng s&#7843;n, t&#7853;p t&#7909;c, th&#7901; c&uacute;ng, v.v. V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o Hi H&ograve;a &#7903; ch&acirc;u M&#7929; n&#7857;m t&#7841;i m&#361;i ph&iacute;a B&#7855;c &#273;&#7843;o California, ph&iacute;a T&acirc;y Mexico v&agrave; bang Chihuahua, phi&ecirc;n d&#7883;ch sang ti&#7871;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c l&agrave; &#22855;&#29926;&#29926; [q&iacute;w&agrave;w&agrave;], c&oacute; t&#7893;ng c&#7897;ng 17 khu v&#7921;c bao g&#7891;m c&aacute;c bang, th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; v&agrave; l&agrave;ng m&#7841;c. V&agrave;o cu&#7889;i tri&#7873;u Thanh, c&aacute;c v&#259;n ki&#7879;n ch&iacute;nh th&#7913;c m&agrave; Mexico g&#7917;i cho Tri&#7873;u &#273;&igrave;nh nh&agrave; Thanh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7883;ch sang ti&#7871;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c l&agrave; &ldquo;&#20013;&#33775;&#33775;&rdquo;. Th&#7901;i c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i, ch&#7919; &ldquo;&#33775;&rdquo; (hoa) n&agrave;y th&#7921;c ra l&agrave; ch&#7919; &ldquo;&#21644;&rdquo; (h&ograve;a, t&#7913;c l&agrave; m&#7847;m, m&#7841; non) v&agrave; ch&#7919; &ldquo;&#21644;&rdquo; n&agrave;y c&#361;ng l&agrave; ch&#7881; c&acirc;y l&uacute;a (&#31983;,&#31291;), ch&uacute;ng &#273;&#7873;u l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng &acirc;m b&#7883; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7893;i d&#7847;n, &ldquo;&#33775;&#22799;&rdquo; (Hoa H&#7841;) ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; t&#7915; &#32690;&#21644; (Hi H&ograve;a) b&#7883; &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c. Do s&#7921; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Thi&#7871;u H&#7841;o, m&#7897;t b&#7897; ph&#7853;n ng&#432;&#7901;i Khoa Ph&#7909; v&#7889;n &#273;&#7871;n tr&#432;&#7899;c bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i di c&#432; &#273;&#7871;n thung l&#361;ng B&igrave; M&#7851;u, thu&#7897;c ch&acirc;u Nam M&#7929;. B&#7913;c t&#432;&#7901;ng R&#7891;ng (Huaca del Dragon) &#7903; Trujillo, Peru v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng. H&igrave;nh t&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#7919;ng con r&#7891;ng tr&ecirc;n b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7901;ng n&agrave;y sinh &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; ch&uacute;ng &#273;ang g&#7863;p g&#7905;, &#7903; gi&#7919;a c&oacute; m&#7897;t &#273;&agrave;n t&#7871;, &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; c&aacute;ch th&#7913;c &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.<\/p>\n<p><b>V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang th&#7901;i th&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7893; l&agrave; Mexico ng&agrave;y nay?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i th&ocirc;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7873;u cho r&#7857;ng V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang l&agrave; ch&#7881; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n. Th&#7853;t ra, V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang th&#7901;i c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i l&agrave; n&#7857;m &#7903; khu v&#7921;c Mexico thu&#7897;c Trung M&#7929;. M&agrave; th&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7885;i Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n l&agrave; n&#432;&#7899;c Oa. &ldquo;L&#432;&#417;ng Th&#432; &ndash; Ph&ugrave; Tang Trung truy&#7879;n&rdquo; c&oacute; ghi ch&eacute;p: &ldquo;N&#432;&#7899;c V&#259;n Th&acirc;n c&aacute;ch &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c n&#432;&#7899;c Oa h&#417;n b&#7843;y ng&agrave;n d&#7863;m&hellip; N&#432;&#7899;c &#272;&#7841;i H&aacute;n (Trung Qu&#7889;c) c&aacute;ch ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng n&#432;&#7899;c V&#259;n Th&acirc;n n&#259;m ng&agrave;n d&#7863;m&hellip; N&#432;&#7899;c Ph&ugrave; Tang c&aacute;ch &#272;&ocirc;ng &#272;&#7841;i H&aacute;n hai ng&agrave;n d&#7863;m, n&#7857;m &#7903; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c, v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t n&agrave;y c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u c&acirc;y ph&ugrave; tang, v&igrave; th&#7871; m&#7899;i c&oacute; t&ecirc;n nh&#432; v&#7853;y&rdquo;. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&oacute; cho th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng, n&#432;&#7899;c V&#259;n Th&acirc;n v&agrave; n&#432;&#7899;c &#272;&#7841;i H&aacute;n &#7903; v&ugrave;ng B&#7855;c &Aacute;, c&ograve;n n&#432;&#7899;c Ph&ugrave; Tang th&igrave; &#7903; ch&acirc;u M&#7929;, n&#7857;m &ldquo;&#7903; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c&rdquo; l&agrave; ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n chu&#7849;n x&aacute;c. Do &#273;&oacute;, c&aacute;ch n&oacute;i n&#432;&#7899;c Ph&ugrave; Tang l&agrave; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&uacute;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch &ldquo;B&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng cho th&#7845;y Columbus v&ocirc; danh ho&#7863;c Tu&#7879; Th&acirc;m c&ugrave;ng &#273;o&agrave;n Ph&#7853;t gi&aacute;o ng&#432;&#7901;i Afghanistan &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n ra ch&acirc;u M&#7929; v&agrave;o th&#7871; k&#7927; th&#7913; n&#259;m&rdquo; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Edward P. Vining xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n n&#259;m 1885, bao g&#7891;m c&aacute;c h&#7885;c thuy&#7871;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#7873; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&agrave;y k&#7875; t&#7915; n&#259;m 1761, cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch d&agrave;y kho&#7843;ng 800 trang. Vining cho r&#7857;ng n&#432;&#7899;c Oa &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n trong &ldquo;L&#432;&#417;ng Th&#432;&rdquo; l&agrave; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n, tuy nhi&ecirc;n n&#432;&#7899;c V&#259;n Th&acirc;n c&aacute;ch n&#432;&#7899;c Oa h&#417;n 7.000 d&#7863;m v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng B&#7855;c, l&agrave; n&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i Eskimo s&#7889;ng tr&ecirc;n qu&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;o Aleutian. C&aacute;ch n&#432;&#7899;c V&#259;n Th&acirc;n 5.000 d&#7863;m v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t Alaska. T&#7915; Alaska h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng (&#272;&ocirc;ng Nam) h&#417;n 20.000 d&#7863;m, t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang &#7903; ph&iacute;a &#273;&ocirc;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c (l&#7845;y Kinh Ch&acirc;u &#7903; mi&#7873;n trung Trung Qu&#7889;c l&agrave;m trung t&acirc;m), b&#7845;t lu&#7853;n l&agrave; t&#7915; kho&#7843;ng c&aacute;ch hay ph&#432;&#417;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng m&agrave; x&eacute;t, &#273;&#7873;u c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n n&#417;i n&agrave;y ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; Mexico. Ngo&agrave;i ra, c&aacute;c phong t&#7909;c v&agrave; s&#7843;n v&#7853;t c&#7911;a V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&ocirc; t&#7843; trong &ldquo;L&#432;&#417;ng Th&#432;&rdquo; v&#7873; t&#7893;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#7873;u gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i &#7903; Mexico th&#7901;i c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i. N&#259;m 1940, nh&agrave; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n Th&#432;&#417;ng M&#7841;i (c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c) &#273;&atilde; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n cu&#7889;n &ldquo;Kh&#7843;o ch&#7913;ng V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang&rdquo; c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng Chu Khi&ecirc;m Chi. B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; vi&#7879;c ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#7883;ch s&#7917; &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c Ph&ugrave; Tang. C&#259;n c&#7913; v&agrave;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ch&iacute;nh s&#7917;, h&#7885; tin r&#7857;ng n&#432;&#7899;c Ph&ugrave; Tang ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; Mexico. C&aacute;c h&#7885;c gi&#7843; Trung Qu&#7889;c nh&#432; Ch&#432;&#417;ng Th&aacute;i Vi&ecirc;m, Chu Khi&ecirc;m Chi, L&atilde; T&#432; Mi&#7877;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; M&atilde; Nam Th&ocirc;n (&#272;&#7863;ng Th&aacute;c), ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; t&#7847;m &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n c&#361;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; thuy&#7871;t n&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7915; Canada &#273;&#7871;n Nam M&#7929;, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; kh&#7843;o c&#7893; h&#7885;c &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n nhi&#7873;u ch&#7919; H&aacute;n Trung Qu&#7889;c, ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7891;ng, y ph&#7909;c v&agrave; trang s&#7913;c, t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;i&ecirc;u kh&#7855;c, c&aacute;c &#273;&#7891; v&#7853;t l&agrave;m b&#7857;ng ng&#7885;c, v.v.. M&agrave; c&aacute;c lo&#7841;i v&#259;n v&#7853;t n&agrave;y &#7903; v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t Mexico l&agrave; phong ph&uacute; nh&#7845;t, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; &#7903; bang Chihuahua v&agrave; b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Yucatan. V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Ph&ugrave; Tang tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh v&ugrave;ng &#273;&#7845;t trung t&acirc;m c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh cao nh&#7845;t t&#7841;i ch&acirc;u M&#7929;, l&agrave; k&#7871;t tinh c&#7911;a tinh hoa v&#259;n h&oacute;a Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i.<\/p>\n<p><b>H&agrave;nh tr&igrave;nh v&#7873; ph&#432;&#417;ng &#272;&ocirc;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &Acirc;n v&agrave; n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh Olmec<\/b><\/p>\n<p>B&#432;&#7899;c ch&acirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n ch&acirc;u M&#7929; ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i. &#272;&#7871;n th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m cu&#7889;i tri&#7873;u &Acirc;n, Tr&#7909; V&#432;&#417;ng (&#272;&#7871; T&acirc;n) &#273;&atilde; d&#7889;c s&#7913;c x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng l&ecirc;n &#272;&ocirc;ng Di, Ho&agrave;i Di, H&#7893; Di (t&#7913;c l&agrave; Nh&acirc;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng, L&acirc;m Ph&#432;&#417;ng, H&#7893; Ph&#432;&#417;ng). Kho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 1045 tr&#432;&#7899;c C&ocirc;ng nguy&ecirc;n, v&agrave;o th&aacute;ng Gi&ecirc;ng theo l&#7883;ch &Acirc;n, Tr&#7909; V&#432;&#417;ng t&#7915; v&ugrave;ng Nh&acirc;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng, S&#417;n &#272;&ocirc;ng tr&#7903; v&#7873; kinh &#273;&ocirc; n&#432;&#7899;c &Acirc;n l&agrave; Tri&#7873;u Ca &#273;&#7875; &#259;n m&#7915;ng n&#259;m m&#7899;i. V&agrave;o ng&agrave;y Gi&aacute;p T&yacute;, Chu V&#361; V&#432;&#417;ng d&#7851;n qu&acirc;n v&#432;&#7907;t qua M&#7841;nh T&acirc;n, v&igrave; &#273;&#7897;i qu&acirc;n tinh nhu&#7879; c&#7911;a Tr&#7909; V&#432;&#417;ng &#273;ang chinh ph&#7841;t L&acirc;m Ph&#432;&#417;ng m&agrave; &#7903; l&#7841;i &#272;&ocirc;ng Di, l&uacute;c &#273;&oacute; Tr&#7909; V&#432;&#417;ng ho&#7843;ng s&#7907; li&#7873;n ph&aacute;i 700.000 l&iacute;nh n&ocirc; l&#7879; &#273;i ngh&ecirc;nh chi&#7871;n &#7903; M&#7909;c D&atilde;. L&iacute;nh n&ocirc; l&#7879; &#273;&agrave;o t&#7849;u, Tr&#7909; V&#432;&#417;ng b&#7883; &#273;&aacute;nh b&#7841;i r&#7891;i <a class=\"lar-automated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/chu-giai-tu-vung#tu_thieu\" 28746 rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">t&#7921; thi&ecirc;u<\/a> &#7903; L&#7897;c &#272;&agrave;i.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi nh&agrave; &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng b&#7883; ti&ecirc;u di&#7879;t, h&#417;n 100.000 qu&acirc;n tinh nhu&#7879; do th&#7889;ng so&aacute;i c&#7911;a qu&acirc;n &Acirc;n l&agrave; Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; &#273;&oacute;ng qu&acirc;n &#7903; &#272;&ocirc;ng Di v&agrave; c&ograve;n c&oacute; 150.000 qu&acirc;n c&#7911;a c&aacute;c b&#7897; l&#7841;c kh&aacute;c &#273;&oacute;ng &#7903; L&acirc;m Ph&#432;&#417;ng, Nh&acirc;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng, H&#7893; Ph&#432;&#417;ng, t&#7845;t c&#7843; h&#7885; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7897;t nhi&ecirc;n bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t, kh&ocirc;ng r&otilde; tung t&iacute;ch. S&#7921; ki&#7879;n n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh nghi &aacute;n thi&ecirc;n c&#7893; trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; nh&agrave; &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng. G&#7847;n nh&#432; c&ugrave;ng l&uacute;c v&#7899;i s&#7921; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t c&#7911;a qu&acirc;n &Acirc;n, &#7903; b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Yucatan thu&#7897;c Trung M&#7929; l&#7841;i h&#432;ng kh&#7903;i m&#7841;nh m&#7869; n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh Olmec mang &#273;&#7853;m s&#7855;c th&aacute;i v&#259;n h&oacute;a c&#7911;a nh&agrave; &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tri&#7873;u &#273;&#7841;i &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7851;n c&ograve;n l&agrave; th&#7901;i k&igrave; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng n&ocirc; l&#7879;, nh&#7919;ng t&ugrave; binh b&#7841;i tr&#7853;n ho&#7863;c nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n m&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7873;u b&#7883; b&#7855;t l&agrave;m n&ocirc; l&#7879; m&#7863;c cho ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c gi&agrave;y x&eacute;o. Sau &#273;&oacute;, &#273;a s&#7889; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng b&#7883; m&#7845;t &#273;i l&atilde;nh th&#7893; v&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a v&#7883; qu&yacute; t&#7897;c, bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i ki&#7871;m s&#7889;ng b&#7857;ng c&aacute;ch bu&ocirc;n b&aacute;n nh&#7887;, th&#7853;m ch&iacute; b&#7883; coi th&#432;&#7901;ng l&agrave; &ldquo;th&#432;&#417;ng nh&acirc;n&rdquo;. C&aacute;ch n&oacute;i &ldquo;th&#432;&#417;ng nh&acirc;n&rdquo; c&oacute; ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c t&#7915; &#273;&acirc;y. V&igrave; v&#7853;y khi tri&#7873;u &Acirc;n b&#7883; di&#7879;t vong, nh&#7919;ng qu&yacute; t&#7897;c nh&agrave; &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;i nh&agrave; Chu &#273;&#7873;u lo l&#7855;ng ho&#7843;ng s&#7907;. Ph&iacute;a tr&#432;&#7899;c l&agrave; &#273;&#7841;i qu&acirc;n truy &#273;u&#7893;i, sau l&#432;ng l&agrave; bi&#7875;n c&#7843; m&ecirc;nh m&ocirc;ng. &#272;&#7875; tr&aacute;nh kh&#7887;i s&#7889; ph&#7853;n l&agrave;m n&ocirc; l&#7879; m&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c, h&#7885; ch&#7881; c&ograve;n c&aacute;ch ti&#7871;n v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; v&agrave; vua Ma Th&#432; (c&ograve;n g&#7885;i l&agrave; vua Ma H&#7893;) &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;a 250.000 binh l&iacute;nh v&agrave; th&#432;&#7901;ng d&acirc;n &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng ph&acirc;n th&agrave;nh 25 b&#7897; t&#7897;c, m&#7895;i b&#7897; t&#7897;c do m&#7897;t qu&yacute; t&#7897;c d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u. H&#7885; &#273;i theo Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng, &#273;i qua qu&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;o Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n &#273;&#7871;n qu&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;o Kuril, r&#7891;i b&#259;ng qua b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Kamchatka, &#273;&#7871;n qu&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;o Aleutian (&#273;&#7843;o c&#7847;u n&#7893;i tr&ecirc;n Tr&#7901;i) &#7903; B&#7855;c Th&aacute;i B&igrave;nh D&#432;&#417;ng v&agrave; th&#7859;ng &#273;&#7871;n Alaska. Sau &#273;&oacute; l&#7841;i xu&#7889;ng ph&iacute;a Nam. Cu&#7897;c di c&#432; c&#7911;a c&aacute;c b&#7897; l&#7841;c t&#7915; &#273;&#7845;t li&#7873;n v&#432;&#7907;t bi&#7875;n v&#7899;i quy m&ocirc; l&#7899;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&agrave;y v&agrave;o 3000 n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&atilde; tr&#7843;i qua v&ocirc; v&agrave;n nguy hi&#7875;m tr&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i, th&#7853;t kh&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. L&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng ch&iacute;nh do Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; v&agrave; vua Ma Th&#432; ch&#7881; huy &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7871;n khu v&#7921;c Mexico ng&agrave;y nay v&agrave; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i m&#7885;c &#7903; &#273;&oacute;.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7841;i sao Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; v&agrave; Vua Ma Th&#432; c&#7847;n x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c &#7903; v&ugrave;ng Mexico? T&ocirc;i cho r&#7857;ng &#7903; ch&acirc;u M&#7929; v&#7851;n c&ograve;n l&#432;u l&#7841;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&agrave;n t&iacute;ch th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; c&ograve;n s&oacute;t l&#7841;i c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh ti&#7873;n s&#7917; l&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c t&#7915; sau tr&#7853;n &#272;&#7841;i h&#7891;ng th&#7911;y, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; &#7903; Mexico ng&agrave;y nay. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; Teotihuacan &#7903; Mexico, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7879;nh danh l&agrave; &ldquo;Th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; c&#7911;a c&aacute;c v&#7883; Th&#7847;n&rdquo;, b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&aacute; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; La Venta g&#7847;n V&#7883;nh Mexico v&agrave; qu&#7847;n th&#7875; di t&iacute;ch kim t&#7921; th&aacute;p c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Maya tr&ecirc;n b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Yucatan. T&#7845;t nhi&ecirc;n, c&ograve;n ph&#7843;i k&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n t&agrave;n t&iacute;ch n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng Tiwanaku &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n tr&ecirc;n m&#7897;t cao nguy&ecirc;n cao kho&#7843;ng 4.000 m&eacute;t so v&#7899;i m&#7921;c n&#432;&#7899;c bi&#7875;n, c&aacute;ch h&#7891; Titicaca kho&#7843;ng 20km v&#7873; ph&iacute;a Nam, khu v&#7921;c n&agrave;y n&#7857;m t&#7841;i ranh gi&#7899;i gi&#7919;a Bolivia v&agrave; Peru &#7903; Nam M&#7929;. Puerta del Sol (c&#7893;ng M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i) l&agrave; di t&iacute;ch c&#7893; n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng nh&#7845;t trong khu t&agrave;n t&iacute;ch Tiwanaku, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7841;m kh&#7855;c t&#7915; m&#7897;t t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; n&#7863;ng kho&#7843;ng 10 t&#7845;n, r&#7897;ng 3,84 m&eacute;t, cao 2,73 m&eacute;t v&agrave; d&agrave;y 0,5 m&eacute;t. Trong ng&agrave;y h&#7841; ch&iacute;, M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i m&#7885;c l&ecirc;n t&#7915; t&#7915; men theo &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7909;c trung t&acirc;m c&#7911;a c&aacute;nh c&#7893;ng m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch chu&#7849;n x&aacute;c. Nh&#7919;ng b&#7853;c th&#7873;m v&agrave; t&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a ng&ocirc;i &#273;&#7873;n trong khu di t&iacute;ch n&agrave;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&agrave;m t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; n&#7863;ng v&agrave;i t&#7845;n, th&#7853;m ch&iacute; l&agrave; v&agrave;i ch&#7909;c t&#7845;n, nh&#7919;ng b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&aacute; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;, nh&#7919;ng t&#7845;m bia &#273;&aacute;, nh&#7919;ng b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&aacute; tr&#7843;i d&agrave;i c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; n&#7857;m r&#7843;i r&aacute;c kh&#7855;p n&#417;i khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i ta li&ecirc;n t&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; tr&aacute;ng l&#7879; v&agrave; ph&#7891;n vinh ng&agrave;y &#273;&oacute;. Khi t&#7893; ti&ecirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c di c&#432; v&#7873; Nam M&#7929; v&agrave;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m h&agrave;ng ngh&igrave;n n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c nh&igrave;n th&#7845;y b&#7845;t k&#7923; di t&iacute;ch v&#259;n minh ti&#7873;n s&#7917; n&agrave;o nh&#432; v&#7853;y, &#273;&#7873;u s&#7869; r&#7845;t ng&#7841;c nhi&ecirc;n v&agrave; th&aacute;n ph&#7909;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i nh&acirc;n l&#7921;c v&agrave; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t th&#7901;i &#273;&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, h&#7885; cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; do c&aacute;c v&#7883; Th&#7847;n l&#432;u l&#7841;i n&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng nh&agrave; c&#7917;a t&#7841;i n&#417;i n&agrave;y ho&#7863;c t&#7841;i khu v&#7921;c xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/puma-punku-complex-bolivia-mystery-10b-1708566735146-1708566736709991742313-image.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/puma-punku-complex-bolivia-mystery-10b-1708566735146-1708566736709991742313-image.jpg\" width=\"1200\" height=\"960\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i>Ngu&#7891;n &#7843;nh: Internet<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&#7902; m&#7897;t s&#7889; n&#417;i, nh&#7919;ng b&#7897; l&#7841;c nguy&ecirc;n th&#7911;y c&oacute; ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c t&#7915; t&#7893; ti&ecirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i Trung Hoa v&agrave; h&#7853;u du&#7879; c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i may m&#7855;n s&#7889;ng s&oacute;t t&#7915; th&#7901;i k&#7923; v&#259;n minh ti&#7873;n s&#7917; &#273;&atilde; h&#7907;p l&#7841;i v&#7899;i nhau, k&#7871; th&#7915;a m&#7897;t s&#7889; v&#259;n h&oacute;a th&#7901;i ti&#7873;n s&#7917; v&agrave; truy&#7873;n thuy&#7871;t Th&#7847;n tho&#7841;i, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; v&#259;n h&oacute;a Maya. M&#7897;t h&#7885;c gi&#7843; t&ecirc;n Bou de Bourbourg &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n ra r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u truy&#7873;n thuy&#7871;t v&#7873; ng&#432;&#7901;i Maya &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Gi&aacute;m m&#7909;c Landa ghi l&#7841;i c&aacute;ch &#273;&acirc;y 300 n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c, hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#432;u gi&#7919; trong th&#432; vi&#7879;n c&#7911;a H&#7885;c vi&#7879;n L&#7883;ch s&#7917; Ho&agrave;ng gia &#7903; Madrid, T&acirc;y Ban Nha. T&agrave;i li&#7879;u ghi ch&eacute;p r&#7857;ng c&oacute; 12 d&acirc;n t&#7897;c v&#7899;i n&#7873;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a cao &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; &ldquo;con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng Th&#7847;n Th&aacute;nh tr&ecirc;n bi&#7875;n&rdquo;, h&#7885; &#273;&atilde; mang &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh ti&ecirc;n ti&#7871;n. M&agrave; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i Maya s&#7889;ng tr&ecirc;n b&aacute;n &#273;&#7843;o Yucatan &#7903; Trung M&#7929; l&#7841;i t&#7921; x&#432;ng r&#7857;ng m&igrave;nh l&agrave; &ldquo;nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; Thi&ecirc;n qu&#7889;c tr&ecirc;n m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c thuy&#7873;n tre v&agrave; &#273;i qua c&aacute;c h&ograve;n &#273;&#7843;o c&#7847;u n&#7893;i tr&ecirc;n tr&#7901;i &#273;&#7871;n b&#7901; s&ocirc;ng Copan &#273;&#7875; tr&#7891;ng &#273;&#7853;u, l&uacute;a m&igrave;, k&ecirc;, t&uacute;c v&agrave;o 3000 n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c&rdquo;.<\/p>\n<p>C&aacute;c th&#7871; h&#7879; sau l&#7847;m t&#432;&#7903;ng r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng ki&#7871;n tr&uacute;c kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; c&oacute; tay ngh&#7873; cao v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t &#273;&aacute;ng kinh ng&#7841;c &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; do ng&#432;&#7901;i Anh-&#273;i&ecirc;ng &#273;&#7875; l&#7841;i, th&#7921;c ra &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng n&#7873;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a ti&#7873;n s&#7917;. T&#7897;c ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; th&#7901;i ti&#7873;n s&#7917; c&oacute; th&#7875; h&igrave;nh cao l&#7899;n. D&acirc;n gian Mexico c&oacute; m&#7897;t truy&#7873;n thuy&#7871;t c&#7893; x&#432;a nh&#432; sau: Th&#7901;i k&#7923; vi&#7877;n c&#7893;, c&oacute; m&#7897;t d&acirc;n t&#7897;c c&#7893; x&#432;a t&ecirc;n l&agrave; La Venta s&#7889;ng trong m&#7897;t khu r&#7915;ng nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7899;i, th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; c&#7911;a h&#7885; m&#7929; l&#7879; nh&#432; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i Th&#7847;n ti&ecirc;n v&agrave; c&oacute; n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n cao. B&#7883; cu&#7889;n h&uacute;t b&#7903;i s&#7913;c h&#7845;p d&#7851;n th&#7847;n k&#7923; c&#7911;a truy&#7873;n thuy&#7871;t, v&agrave;o n&#259;m 1938, Hi&#7879;p h&#7897;i Kh&#7843;o c&#7893; h&#7885;c Mexico &#273;&atilde; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c m&#7897;t &#273;&#7897;i kh&#7843;o c&#7893; &#273;i t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m d&acirc;n t&#7897;c c&#7893; x&#432;a trong truy&#7873;n thuy&#7871;t n&agrave;y. Th&#7853;t b&#7845;t ng&#7901; v&agrave; vui m&#7915;ng khi &#273;o&agrave;n kh&#7843;o c&#7893; thu&#7853;n l&#7907;i t&igrave;m th&#7845;y 11 b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&aacute; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; trong r&#7915;ng r&#7853;m c&#7911;a t&#7897;c ng&#432;&#7901;i La Venta, b&#7913;c n&#7863;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7841;t t&#7899;i 20 t&#7845;n. Sau khi thu &#273;&#432;&#7907;c manh m&#7889;i qu&yacute; gi&aacute; n&agrave;y, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; kh&#7843;o c&#7893; h&#7885;c ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c n&#7895; l&#7921;c, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng &#273;&atilde; t&igrave;m th&#7845;y hai di t&iacute;ch &#7903; v&ugrave;ng duy&ecirc;n h&#7843;i V&#7883;nh Mexico: M&#7897;t n&#417;i l&agrave; La Venta, m&#7897;t n&#417;i kh&aacute;c l&agrave; Tres Zapotes. H&#417;n 20 n&#259;m sau, m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng kh&aacute;c l&agrave; di t&iacute;ch San Lorenzo &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n. Ba di t&iacute;ch n&agrave;y l&agrave; n&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i Olmec &#7903; Mexico c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i sinh s&#7889;ng.<\/p>\n<p>D&#432;&#7899;i l&ograve;ng &#273;&#7845;t c&#7911;a khu v&#7921;c trung t&acirc;m c&uacute;ng t&#7871; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Olmec thu&#7897;c di t&iacute;ch La Venta &#273;&atilde; khai qu&#7853;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 16 b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7857;ng ng&#7885;c ph&#7881; th&uacute;y. Khu&ocirc;n m&#7863;t c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng n&agrave;y gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c, t&oacute;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&uacute;i cao v&agrave; d&agrave;i. Ki&#7875;u t&oacute;c b&uacute;i cao v&agrave; d&agrave;i n&agrave;y th&#7883;nh h&agrave;nh v&agrave;o th&#7901;i &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng. Trong s&#7889; 16 b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng n&agrave;y, c&oacute; 15 b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7857;ng ng&#7885;c &#273;en &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7855;p x&#7871;p th&agrave;nh c&aacute;c v&ograve;ng tr&ograve;n &#273;&#7891;ng t&acirc;m, khu&ocirc;n m&#7863;t h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7873; m&#7897;t b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng ng&#7885;c m&agrave;u &#273;&#7887;. Ph&iacute;a sau b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7907;ng ng&#7885;c &#273;&#7887; c&oacute; s&aacute;u mi&#7871;ng ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc;, tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c t&#7845;m ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc; c&oacute; kh&#7855;c ch&#7919; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; ch&#7919; Gi&aacute;p c&#7889;t v&agrave; Kim v&#259;n th&#7901;i &Acirc;n-Th&#432;&#417;ng. N&#259;m 1996, Gi&aacute;o s&#432; H&#7913;a Huy c&#7911;a &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c Central State &#7903; Oklahoma &#273;&atilde; t&igrave;m th&#7845;y h&#417;n 200 d&ograve;ng ch&#7919; Gi&aacute;p c&#7889;t kh&#7855;c tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c t&#7845;m ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc; v&agrave; t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7857;ng ng&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khai qu&#7853;t &#7903; La Venta. &Ocirc;ng &#273;&atilde; hai l&#7847;n tr&#7903; l&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c v&agrave; mang theo 146 m&#7851;u ch&#7919;, sau &#273;&oacute; m&#7901;i nhi&#7873;u chuy&ecirc;n gia c&oacute; uy t&iacute;n v&#7873; ch&#7919; H&aacute;n c&#7893; &#273;&#7871;n quan s&aacute;t v&agrave; gi&aacute;m &#273;&#7883;nh, cu&#7889;i c&ugrave;ng &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n, r&#7857;ng &ldquo;nh&#7919;ng ch&#7919; n&agrave;y l&agrave; ch&#7919; vi&#7871;t th&#7901;i ti&#7873;n T&#7847;n c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c&rdquo;. Theo nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a c&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia, ch&#7919; kh&#7855;c tr&ecirc;n nh&#7919;ng t&#7845;m ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc; n&agrave;y ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; t&ecirc;n t&#7893; ti&ecirc;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &Acirc;n. Khi chuy&ecirc;n gia v&#7873; ch&#7919; Gi&aacute;p c&#7889;t c&#7911;a B&#7855;c Kinh l&agrave; Tr&#7847;n H&aacute;n B&igrave;nh, nh&agrave; c&#7921;u nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a Vi&#7879;n Khoa h&#7885;c X&atilde; h&#7897;i Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#7871;n th&#259;m ph&ograve;ng tr&#432;ng b&agrave;y ngh&#7879; thu&#7853;t &#7903; Washington, &ocirc;ng &#273;&atilde; gi&#7843;i m&atilde; c&aacute;c k&yacute; hi&#7879;u v&#259;n t&#7921; tr&ecirc;n m&#7897;t mi&#7871;ng ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc; trong v&#259;n v&#7853;t s&#7889; 4 &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khai qu&#7853;t t&#7915; La Venta, ngh&#297;a l&agrave;: &ldquo;Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i cai tr&#7883; v&agrave; th&#7911; l&#297;nh &#273;&atilde; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng c&#417; s&#7903; c&#7911;a V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c n&agrave;y&rdquo;. C&#259;n c&#7913; v&agrave;o nh&#7919;ng t&agrave;i li&#7879;u &#273;ang c&oacute; hi&#7879;n nay, c&aacute;c th&#7889;ng so&aacute;i qu&acirc;n &#273;&#7897;i cu&#7889;i tri&#7873;u &Acirc;n l&agrave; Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; v&agrave; vua Ma Th&#432; &#273;&atilde; ch&#7881; huy qu&acirc;n v&agrave; d&acirc;n tri&#7873;u &Acirc;n xu&#7845;t ph&aacute;t t&#7915; bi&#7875;n Hoa &#272;&ocirc;ng, &#273;i qua Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n v&agrave; &#273;&#7843;o c&#7847;u n&#7893;i tr&ecirc;n tr&#7901;i, v&#432;&#7907;t qua Th&aacute;i B&igrave;nh D&#432;&#417;ng v&#7873; ph&iacute;a &#272;&ocirc;ng, m&#7897;t m&#7841;ch di chuy&#7875;n v&#7873; ph&iacute;a Nam r&#7891;i &#273;&#7883;nh c&#432; &#7903; La Venta, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng Th&#7847;n mi&#7871;u &#273;&#7875; th&#7901; c&uacute;ng t&#7893; ti&ecirc;n, v&igrave; v&#7853;y m&#7899;i c&oacute; ng&#7885;c khu&ecirc; v&agrave; &#273;&#7891; ch&#7841;m kh&#7855;c b&#7857;ng ng&#7885;c &#7903; trong khu di t&iacute;ch La Venta.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7915; th&#7871; k&#7927; th&#7913; 8 &#273;&#7871;n th&#7871; k&#7927; th&#7913; 5 tr&#432;&#7899;c C&ocirc;ng nguy&ecirc;n l&agrave; th&#7901;i k&#7923; to&agrave;n th&#7883;nh c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh Olmec. Khi n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh Olmec ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n r&#7921;c r&#7905; &#273;&#7871;n kho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 100 tr&#432;&#7899;c C&ocirc;ng nguy&ecirc;n, m&#7897;t tr&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7845;t l&#7899;n kh&ocirc;ng may &#273;&atilde; x&#7843;y ra &#7903; Trung M&#7929; v&agrave; V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i m&#7885;c Ph&ugrave; Tang &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; h&#7911;y ho&#7841;i trong nh&aacute;y m&#7855;t. Th&#7871; h&#7879; sau c&#7911;a vua Ma Th&#432; &#273;&atilde; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u m&#7897;t b&#7897; ph&#7853;n ng&#432;&#7901;i &Acirc;n c&#7911;a t&#7897;c Phi H&#7893; di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n ph&iacute;a B&#7855;c Peru v&agrave; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng l&ecirc;n V&#432;&#417;ng tri&#7873;u Ma Th&#432; ho&agrave;ng kim. M&#7897;t b&#7897; ph&#7853;n kh&aacute;c c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &Acirc;n l&agrave; h&#7853;u du&#7879; c&#7911;a Du H&#7847;u H&#7881; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n d&atilde;y n&uacute;i Andes &#7903; Chile x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng l&ecirc;n &#272;&#7871; qu&#7889;c Inca. B&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&ograve;n l&#7841;i kh&ocirc;ng di chuy&#7875;n, h&#7885; &#7903; t&#7841;i &#273;&oacute; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng l&ecirc;n V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i m&#7885;c.<\/p>\n<p>(C&ograve;n ti&#7871;p)<\/p>\n<p>D&#7883;ch t&#7915;: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/110224\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/110224<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"catlinks\" class=\"catlinks\" data-mw=\"interface\"><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[ChanhKien.org] Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i c&oacute; l&#432;u truy&#7873;n c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i. Trong S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh &ndash; H&#7843;i ngo&#7841;i B&#7855;c Kinh c&oacute; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, khi ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7871;n g&#7847;n M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i th&igrave; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&aacute;t n&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave; mu&#7889;n u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c, n&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[304,544],"tags":[451],"class_list":["post-34421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loat-bai","category-van-hoc","tag-loat-bai-mexico"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (21): H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Olmec - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (21): H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Olmec - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i c&oacute; l&#432;u truy&#7873;n c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i. Trong S&#417;n H&#7843;i Kinh &ndash; H&#7843;i ngo&#7841;i B&#7855;c Kinh c&oacute; vi&#7871;t: &ldquo;Khoa Ph&#7909; &#273;u&#7893;i theo M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i, khi ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7871;n g&#7847;n M&#7863;t Tr&#7901;i th&igrave; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&aacute;t n&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave; mu&#7889;n u&#7889;ng n&#432;&#7899;c, n&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-20T23:38:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-24T16:26:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/puma-punku-complex-bolivia-mystery-10b-1708566735146-1708566736709991742313-image.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"editor_n\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"editor_n\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"30 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"editor_n\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/d39853a2b0e6235cdad43189e4cbd085\"},\"headline\":\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (21): H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Olmec\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-20T23:38:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-24T16:26:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\"},\"wordCount\":6004,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/puma-punku-complex-bolivia-mystery-10b-1708566735146-1708566736709991742313-image.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i (Series)\",\"V\u0103n h\u1ecdc\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-21-hanh-trinh-ve-phuong-dong-cua-nguoi-trung-quoc-co-dai-va-nen-van-minh-olmec.html\",\"name\":\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (21): H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Olmec - 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