{"id":33665,"date":"2024-08-02T05:36:59","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T22:36:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=33665"},"modified":"2024-08-02T05:36:59","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T22:36:59","slug":"mo-canh-cua-sinh-tu-kham-pha-bi-an-cua-linh-hon-phan-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/08\/mo-canh-cua-sinh-tu-kham-pha-bi-an-cua-linh-hon-phan-3.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda sinh t\u1eed, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n (Ph\u1ea7n 3)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y t\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed. Cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o, ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o th\u00ec n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0i nghi r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan hay kh\u00f4ng? Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Kenneth Ring, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Connecticut \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch quan nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ly th\u1ec3 trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khi ly th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00ean Fred Schoonmake, trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa tim m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Saint Luke\u2019s \u1edf Denver, Colorado, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eef b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ly th\u1ec3 c\u1eadn t\u1eed. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9, nh\u01b0ng khi linh h\u1ed3n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u201cnh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y\u201d trong ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 14 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng khi linh h\u1ed3n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u201cnh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Schoonmaker n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 n\u1eef b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y: Nh\u1eefng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb \u201cPh\u00eda b\u00ean kia c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh: kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed\u201d, Evelyn Elsaesser Valarino, 1997, trang 89-90). Nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u201cnh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y\u201d nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 xung quanh m\u00ecnh trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Sabom, M.B \u201cK\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. Sau ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho bi\u1ebft khi c\u00f4 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed vong \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ly th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt cho c\u00f4 c\u00f9ng chi ti\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Sau khi ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f4 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m linh h\u1ed3n ly th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 The Lancet v\u00e0 Journal of Near-Death Studies, nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u mang t\u00ednh h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nhau t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 n\u0103m, do \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e0y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Pim Van Lommel thu\u1ed9c trung t\u00e2m tim m\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Rijnstate \u1edf H\u00e0 Lan c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo d\u00f5i v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t t\u00e1m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i 334 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 29 \u0111\u1ebfn 92, b\u1ecb nh\u1ed3i m\u00e1u c\u01a1 tim c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1988 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1992. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi \u0111\u00f3, v.v. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m xem h\u1ecd c\u00f3 b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m khi ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh hay kh\u00f4ng, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Lommel \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn \u201cThe Lancet\u201d v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2001.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp tim, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i tri gi\u00e1c. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 62 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 kinh qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac vui v\u1ebb v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n, linh h\u1ed3n ly th\u1ec3, xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, v.v. Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Lommel \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e3o, khi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed vong c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft. Lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4i qua theo th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 k\u00fd \u1ee9c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n hay r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, d\u00f9 cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, th\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng khi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed?<\/p>\n

3.1. C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0 \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 ho\u00f3c-m\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy k\u00edch th\u00edch l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o m\u00e0 sinh ra. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y m\u00ea ketamine v\u00e0 axit diethylamide g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o thi\u1ebfu oxy ho\u1eb7c th\u1eeba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon dioxit (CO2) \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, l\u00fac n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebfu oxy hay ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o. Chuy\u00ean gia ung th\u01b0 nhi khoa Dianne Komp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb em s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng Seattle \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tr\u00ean 26 b\u1ec7nh nhi c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng, 24 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1eadn t\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 100 b\u1ec7nh nhi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu oxy n\u00e3o v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1eed vong, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Khi x\u1ea3y ra \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c do thu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y ra, \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f4 \u00fd th\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed3 (EEG) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o sinh ra \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Raymond Moody v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Melvin Moody \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u01a1n \u0111au tim, \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed3 (EEG) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3 (ECG) c\u1ee7a anh ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1ecbp tim v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. Sau nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf, h\u1ecd tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sau, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng anh ta nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, h\u00e0nh lang b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec, ai \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i \u1edf ph\u00f2ng ch\u1edd, v.v. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra sau khi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c sinh ra do thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3, ch\u1ee9ng hoang t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00ea man, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o h\u01a1n khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau: Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1ng c\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c, \u201cTh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm tay t\u00f4i gi\u00fap t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n\u201d. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu oxy \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 linh h\u1ed3n ly th\u1ec3, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh l\u00fd th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi k\u00fd \u1ee9c mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n hay. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec khi ly th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong kh\u00f4ng gian ba chi\u1ec1u. Trong b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u0103n \u201cnghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1993, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Kenneth Ring \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 sau: M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e0y m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean n\u00f3c nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n khi linh h\u1ed3n c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ly th\u1ec3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e0y n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u00f4 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. Ch\u00ednh chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau khi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh c\u1ea3m (Precognition). Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cPh\u00eda b\u00ean kia c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed\u201d c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Elsaesser Valarino, k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb kinh qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0 sinh con, c\u00f4 b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 khi \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed vong v\u00e0o m\u1ea5y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

3.2. C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 hai<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed cho r\u1eb1ng, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Melvin Morse tin r\u1eb1ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed s\u1ebd m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n b\u00ed gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u00d4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c ra t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u201ckho th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u201d \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh” ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u00d4ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng th\u00f9y th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ed3i h\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 limbic ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf\u201d. \u00d4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n tr\u1eef trong \u201ckho th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u201d, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf\u201d (th\u00f9y th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ed3i h\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 limbic) s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t n\u00f3 ra.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef sau khi n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed3n tr\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt n\u00e0y. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 linh h\u1ed3n ly th\u1ec3 trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Thi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c, g\u1eb7p b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t, h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Los Alamos \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, n\u01a1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng, t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch ra ngo\u00e0i, lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n tr\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ngay t\u1eeb 40 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng John Wheeler, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n bom hydro ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 Hugh Everett thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng song song \u2013 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u1ea9n s\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, linh h\u1ed3n r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ee5c th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? v.v.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/media.zhengjian.org\/media\/zjbooks\/life_gate\/10.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/i><\/p>\n

1.Blackmore S. Dying to Live: Science and the Near Death Experience, London; Grafton An imprint of Harper Collins Publisher, 1993. P202-204;<\/p>\n

2.Near Death Experience in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest: A Prospective Study in the Netherlands. Pim.van.Lommel et al. The Lancet 2001 358<\/span>.<\/p>\n

3.Morse, ML, , Venecia, D. and Milstein, J., 1989, Near Death Experience: A neurophysiological Explainatory Model, Journal of Near Death Studies, 8, 45-53;<\/p>\n

4.On the other side of life, Exploring the phenomenon of the Near Death Experience, Elsaesser Valarino , 1997 5.\u300a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u300b, Sabom, M.B, London, 1982.<\/p>\n

6.Where God Lives, Melvin Morse & Paul Perry, HarperCollins Publishers Inc, New York, NY, 2000.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] 3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y t\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed. Cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[480],"class_list":["post-33665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bi-an-khoa-hoc","tag-bi-an-linh-hon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda sinh t\u1eed, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n (Ph\u1ea7n 3) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/08\/mo-canh-cua-sinh-tu-kham-pha-bi-an-cua-linh-hon-phan-3.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda sinh t\u1eed, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n (Ph\u1ea7n 3) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] 3. 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