[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n<\/b><\/p>\n
\u5982\u3116\u3128\u02ca \u4f86\u310c\u311e\u02ca\u3001 \u91cb\u3115\u02cb \u8fe6\u3110\u3127\u311a\uff0c \u5373\u3110\u3127\u02ca \u662f\u3115\u02cb \u725f\u3107\u3128\u02cb \u5c3c\u310b\u3127\u02ca\uff0c \u539f\u3129\u3122\u02ca \u7cfb\u3112\u3127\u02cb \u6210\u3114\u3125\u02ca \u4f5b\u3108\u311b\u02ca \u4e4b\u3113 \u7956\u3117\u3128\u02c7\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u8001\u310c\u3120\u02c7 \u8043\u3109\u3122\u3001 \u674e\u310c\u3127\u02c7 \u8033\u3126\u02c7\uff0c \u5373\u3110\u3127\u02ca \u662f\u3115\u02cb \u9053\u3109\u3120\u02cb \u541b\u3110\u3129\u3123\uff0c \u4e43\u310b\u311e\u02c7 \u70ba\u3128\u311f\u02cb \u9053\u3109\u3120\u02cb \u6559\u3110\u3127\u3120\u02cb \u4e4b\u3113 \u5b97\u3117\u3128\u3125\u3002<\/p>\n
B\u00ednh \u00e2m<\/b><\/p>\n
\u5982R\u00fa \u6765l\u00e1i\u3001\u91cash\u00ec \u8fe6ji\u0101\uff0c\u5373j\u00ed \u662fsh\u00ec \u725fm\u00f3u \u5c3cn\u00ed\uff0c\u539fyu\u00e1n \u7cfbx\u00ec \u6210ch\u00e9ng \u4f5bf\u00f3 \u4e4bzh\u012b \u7956z\u01d4\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u8001l\u01ceo \u8043d\u0101n\u3001\u674el\u01d0 \u8033\u011br\uff0c\u5373j\u00ed \u662fsh\u00ec \u9053d\u00e0o \u541bj\u016bn\uff0c\u4e43n\u01cei \u4e3aw\u00e8i \u9053d\u00e0o \u6559ji\u00e0o \u4e4bzh\u012b \u5b97z\u014dng\u3002<\/p>\n
\u00c2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 Lai – Th\u00edch Ca, t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb M\u00e2u Ni, nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt chi t\u1ed5; L\u00e3o \u0110am – L\u00fd Nh\u0129, t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n, n\u00e3i vi \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o chi t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/b><\/p>\n
(1) \u5982\u4f86 (Nh\u01b0 Lai): Nh\u01b0, nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, t\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 Lai, ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo ch\u00e2n l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u1ec9 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni.<\/p>\n
(2) \u91cb\u8fe6 (Th\u00edch Ca): Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni, t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 T\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1t \u0110a, con trai c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c Ca T\u1ef3 La \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 (thu\u1ed9c Nepal ng\u00e0y nay), b\u1edfi nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c, v\u00e0o n\u00fai tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n
(3) \u7cfb (H\u1ec7): l\u00e0.<\/p>\n
(4) \u7956 (T\u1ed5): ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n
(5) \u8001\u8043, \u674e\u8033 (L\u00e3o \u0110am, L\u00fd Nh\u0129): t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 L\u00fd, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Nh\u0129, t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, thu\u1ef5 l\u00e0 \u0110am. L\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n “\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c kinh”.<\/p>\n
(6) \u9053\u541b (\u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n): V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t trong \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e3o T\u1eed.<\/p>\n
(7) \u70ba (Vi): L\u00e0<\/p>\n
(8) \u5b97 (T\u00f4ng): Thu\u1ef7 T\u1ed5.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u00e0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni, l\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o; L\u00e3o \u0110am v\u00e0 L\u00fd Nh\u0129 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn b\u00fat<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa n\u00e0y, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, t\u1eeb h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n s\u01a1 khai, N\u1eef Oa t\u1ea1o ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ebfn Tam Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 thu\u1ef7 t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a tu luy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Vi\u00eam Ho\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Vi\u00eam \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 “Th\u1ea7n N\u00f4ng b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o kinh” v\u00e0 “Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf n\u1ed9i kinh” c\u1ee7a Vi\u00eam \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c y d\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Vi\u00eam \u0110\u1ebf, Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf m\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c cai qu\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 vi nhi tr\u1ecb, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tu \u0110\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103ng thi\u00ean th\u00e0nh Th\u1ea7n, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 tu \u0110\u1ea1o h\u1ed3i quy Thi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh hai v\u1ecb Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf s\u01a1 khai nh\u1ea5t trong k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 Vi\u00eam \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Sau m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ea3i qua ba tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Chu, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu chi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c n\u1eeda sau tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 Chu th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 an b\u00e0i Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu, c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba n\u00e9t v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Nho gia c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1ecbch v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ecd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Nho gia r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u201cKinh d\u1ecbch\u201d, \u201cThi kinh\u201d, \u201cTh\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u201d v.v. \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n lu\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n x\u1eed th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec5 nghi trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed v\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4i th\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed5n quy ch\u00e2n, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i, chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tu luy\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. L\u00e3o T\u1eed v\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng, hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c tu \u0110\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n, Thu L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c Kinh\u201d, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 tu \u0110\u1ea1o. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tu \u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1eafp s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, th\u00ec Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean, th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu k\u1ebft th\u00fac, b\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 Chu c\u0169ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1t th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e0ng b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft xa r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1ch gia ch\u01b0 t\u1eed, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1o gia v\u00e0 Nho gia, n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, th\u00ec ph\u00e1i b\u00e1ch gia ch\u01b0 t\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 do c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 binh gia hay l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gia… \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng khi tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng binh. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Ph\u00e1p gia \u0111\u00e3 xa r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c “k\u1ebb s\u0129” qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0a ra, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. \u1ede th\u1eddi n\u00e0y, hai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i b\u00e1ch gia ch\u01b0 t\u1eed kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Nho gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u00f9 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nho gia k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, khi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n Nho gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Tam Qu\u1ed1c, l\u01b0\u1ee1ng T\u1ea5n Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a tu luy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gia. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c cu\u1ed1i tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a trung ngh\u0129a, th\u00ec “Phong Th\u1ea7n di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a” c\u0169ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 an b\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a tu luy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1o gia s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 Chu, v\u1eady th\u00ec v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o gia (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Nho gia) \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y cho th\u1ebf gian m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o s\u1eafp xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a tu Ph\u1eadt trong \u201cT\u00e2y Du K\u00fd\u201d sau n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gia c\u1ee7a Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni \u0111\u00e3 du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n qua c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c xung quanh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y, nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n. L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng tu Ph\u1eadt th\u1eddi Nam tri\u1ec1u, th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n nh\u00e2n, thi nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng tu Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc tinh anh n\u00e0y l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u0103n ho\u00e1 tu Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a tam gia th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 an b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nho gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o \u1edf m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u1ea7n ch\u00e2u. T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn tu luy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa n\u00e0y t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nho sinh ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tu \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u1eady l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an b\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 “Th\u00f4i B\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ed3” c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, “Mai Hoa Thi” c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng, “M\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a” c\u1ee7a Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 an b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n
K\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n
Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni<\/b><\/p>\n
Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni, t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 T\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1t \u0110a. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c Ca T\u1ef3 La \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 (thu\u1ed9c Nepal ng\u00e0y nay), b\u1edfi nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c, v\u00e0o n\u00fai tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u00f4n k\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni\u201d.<\/p>\n
Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n. Th\u00edch Ca l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, d\u1ecbch theo \u00fd l\u00e0 “N\u0103ng”; M\u00e2u Ni \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch theo \u00fd l\u00e0 “Nh\u00e2n”; Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9c Th\u00edch Ca”. Ph\u1eadt, d\u1ecbch theo \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0 Gia, hay Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0, Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed3, g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
Khi Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni 29 tu\u1ed5i, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au sinh l\u00e3o b\u1ec7nh t\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n khi Ng\u00e0i ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh du h\u00e0nh, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi ho\u00e0ng cung, v\u00e0o n\u00fai tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u1ea3i qua 6 n\u0103m kh\u1ed5 luy\u1ec7n, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e0i chu du kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, thuy\u1ebft Ph\u00e1p 45 n\u0103m, khi 80 tu\u1ed5i, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch \u1edf th\u00e0nh Kushinagar.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o – L\u00e3o t\u1eed, h\u1ecd L\u00fd, t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nh\u0129, t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, thu\u1ef5 l\u00e0 \u0110am. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Kh\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc S\u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c S\u1eed quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0ng th\u01b0 trong tri\u1ec1u Chu, sau \u0111\u00f3 lui v\u1ec1 \u1edf \u1ea9n, d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng tu \u0110\u1ea1o. Sau khi \u0111\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1o, \u00f4ng \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quan \u1ea3i ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. Vi\u00ean quan Do\u00e3n H\u1ef7 gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 xem thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd c\u00f3 Th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean \u0111i qua n\u00ean ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111ang c\u01b0\u1ee1i con tr\u00e2u xanh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi quan \u1ea3i, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t vui v\u1ebb, Do\u00e3n H\u1ef7 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n m\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng sau khi vi\u1ebft \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c kinh” 5 ngh\u00ecn ch\u1eef, th\u00ec L\u00e3o T\u1eed ra kh\u1ecfi quan \u1ea3i m\u00e0 \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t sinh c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed mang \u0111\u1eadm s\u1eafc th\u00e1i th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam khuya m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao b\u0103ng v\u1ee5t qua tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 mang thai. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n mang thai n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 72 n\u0103m (c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i l\u00e0 81 n\u0103m), \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e1ch tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9, khi v\u1eeba r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u00f3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng n\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed.<\/p>\n
T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc da tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng, tr\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng, l\u00f4ng m\u00e0y r\u1eadm v\u00e0 m\u1eaft to, nh\u01b0ng l\u00f4ng m\u00e0y m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, mi\u1ec7ng vu\u00f4ng, m\u00f4i d\u00e0y, r\u0103ng th\u01b0a, m\u1ed7i b\u00ean tai c\u00f3 ba l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn vai, m\u0169i to, c\u00f3 hai tr\u1ee5 th\u1ecbt b\u00ean trong. L\u00e3o T\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 dung m\u1ea1o k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c cao. Ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c Kinh\u201d v\u1edbi 5.000 ch\u1eef m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tu luy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1o gia.<\/p>\n
Ghi ch\u00fa: Ph\u1ecfng theo s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u201c\u1ea4u h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ef3nh L\u00e2m\u201d c\u1ee7a Zhengjian.org<\/i><\/p>\n