{"id":32489,"date":"2024-02-01T07:38:26","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T00:38:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=32489"},"modified":"2025-05-24T23:26:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-24T16:26:25","slug":"loat-bai-mexico-2012-14-mau-sac-cua-quoc-ky-mexico-hien-dien-khap-noi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/02\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-14-mau-sac-cua-quoc-ky-mexico-hien-dien-khap-noi.html","title":{"rendered":"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (19): M\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 Mexico hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

Mexico c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng hoang m\u1ea1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang \u1edf Mexico \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh huy ho\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Maya, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Olmec, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Toltec v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Aztecs n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Sau n\u0103m 1521, Mexico tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u201cX\u00f3a b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec7n tay ng\u1eaft m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt, trong s\u1ed1 112 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico (t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2010), ch\u1ee7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai Anh-\u0111i\u00eang v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 90%, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 8%.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Mexico l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 9. Ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1810, Linh m\u1ee5c Miguel Hidalgo-Costilla \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1811, Hidalgo b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 9 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Mexico. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Mexico ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1821. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u tai h\u1ecda trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico ng\u00e0y nay r\u1ea5t y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Mexico ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng, xanh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 Mexico.<\/p>\n

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Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Mexico<\/em><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 Mexico bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, \u1edf gi\u1eefa qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng ng\u1eadm m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t con \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ef1c dang r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh, tr\u00ean m\u1ecf ng\u1eadm m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn, m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n gi\u1eef th\u00e2n con r\u1eafn ch\u00e2n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i gi\u1eabm l\u00ean c\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 trong h\u1ed3. H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Aztec, l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Aztec \u0111ang l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o m\u1ed9ng cho h\u1ecd, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng ng\u1eadm m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Aztec s\u1ed1ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc Mexico, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 trong h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kho\u1ea3ng 2.240 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c, hoa n\u1edf b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a, xanh t\u1ed1t quanh n\u0103m, xung quanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc xanh bi\u1ebfc v\u00e2y quanh, \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n ban t\u1eb7ng. C\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c hoa c\u1ee7a Mexico, n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Mexico, ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y s\u1ed3i v\u00e0 c\u00e2y nguy\u1ec7t qu\u1ebf, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1821, l\u00e1 c\u1edd ba m\u00e0u xanh, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Mexico v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3. \u1ede b\u00e3i c\u1ecf cao cao c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n n\u0103m sao n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u1edf kh\u00f4ng xa c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t c\u1edd treo l\u00e1 c\u1edd c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u0111ang tung bay, \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0i km v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u00e1 c\u1edd n\u00e0y. B\u00e3i c\u1ecf n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh dinh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Mexico. Nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 c\u1edd l\u1edbn n\u00e0y d\u00e0i 50 m\u00e9t, r\u1ed9ng 28 m\u00e9t v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng 170 kg. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e3i c\u1ecf l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Qu\u1ed1c gia Mexico. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Qu\u1ed1c gia Mexico \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Mexico v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u201cS\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2003\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u00e0 khu kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n cao c\u1ea5p n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf. Giao th\u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00e0u qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 trong \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico c\u00f2n th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng, d\u01b0 v\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u0103ng. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i ba m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 xanh l\u00e1 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u00e0n \u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u1edf Mexico. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf theo ba m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 xanh l\u00e1. Ba lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng Mexico\u201d n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 ti\u00eau xanh, h\u00e0nh t\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0 chua th\u00e1i h\u1ea1t l\u1ef1u, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb cay x\u00e8 r\u1ea5t ngon mi\u1ec7ng. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0103n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9: \u201ckh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 cay\u201d, \u201ccay c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng cay\u201d, th\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf t\u1ec9nh \u201cs\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng cay\u201d \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng Mexico\u201d r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u00f3c v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 da tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u00e0 cay \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c x\u00fayt xoa, \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf Mexico v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf Mexico \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch \u0103n \u1edbt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o 500 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a vua Aztec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f3n \u0103n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u1edbt nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edbt \u0111\u1ecf, \u1ebfch \u1edbt xanh, t\u00f4m h\u00f9m \u1edbt \u0111\u1ecf, g\u00e0 t\u00e2y cay c\u00e0 chua, v.v. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n hoa qu\u1ea3 k\u00e8m v\u1edbi \u1edbt, xo\u00e0i g\u1ecdt v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1eafc \u1edbt b\u1ed9t l\u00ean tr\u00ean. \u1edat b\u1ed9t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh. C\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edbt khi u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u1ee5m r\u01b0\u1ee3u, h\u1edbp m\u1ed9t ng\u1ee5m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edbt. Bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cs\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng cay\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n Mexico r\u1ea5t vui v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0103n cay. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n Mexico c\u00f2n t\u1eb7ng cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u1edbt do anh \u1ea5y t\u1ef1 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u00e0. T\u00f4i \u0111o\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cs\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng cay\u201d.<\/p>\n

Mexico th\u1eddi c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh M\u1ef9-Mexico<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec qu\u1ed1c l\u1ef1c Mexico suy b\u1ea1i, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1836, nguy\u00ean v\u00f9ng Texas tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u1ecfi Mexico v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Texas. M\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Texas, nh\u01b0ng Mexico kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Texas, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o n\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00ec s\u1ebd n\u1ed5 ra chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m 1845, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Texas \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd gia nh\u1eadp M\u1ef9, M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u bang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y s\u00f4ng Rio Grande l\u00e0m ranh gi\u1edbi. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Texas \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec3u bang th\u1ee9 28 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. N\u0103m 1846 x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Mexico. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 Mexico b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho M\u1ef9, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn bang California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona v\u00e0 New Mexico, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Colorado v\u00e0 Wyoming c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y nay. Chi\u1ebfn tranh M\u1ef9-Mexico khi\u1ebfn Mexico m\u1ea5t \u0111i kho\u1ea3ng 2,3 tri\u1ec7u km2 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, California \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u0103m 2010, GDP c\u1ee7a California chi\u1ebfm 13,34% GDP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u1ea1t 1936,4 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9, cao nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, California s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 9 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 sau Hoa K\u1ef3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ee9c, Ph\u00e1p, V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, Brazil v\u00e0 \u00dd. Texas l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. N\u0103m 2010, GDP c\u1ee7a Texas \u0111\u1ea1t 1153,1 t\u1ef7 USD (c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb C\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9) chi\u1ebfm 7,95% GDP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bang, ch\u1ec9 sau California. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u00ec s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Texas t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 13 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 14 (theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ef9 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IMF v\u00e0 c\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ef9 CIA).<\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t \u0111i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Mexico, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y nay. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. 500 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i, \u00e2m m\u01b0u qu\u1ef7 k\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1eeb tay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda m\u00e0 nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico ng\u00e0y nay th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Texas n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Mexico l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu ng\u00e0y nay California, Texas v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Mexico, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n m\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng huy ho\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f4m nay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u “ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p” t\u1eeb Mexico (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 11,5 tri\u1ec7u “ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p” \u1edf M\u1ef9, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Mexico, theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i l\u00e0 n\u0103m 2012), nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1eebng ngh\u0129, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta h\u00f4m nay t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mexico?<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: http:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/81550<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] Mexico c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng hoang m\u1ea1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh-\u0111i\u00eang \u1edf Mexico \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh huy ho\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Maya, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Olmec, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[304,544],"tags":[451],"class_list":["post-32489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loat-bai","category-van-hoc","tag-loat-bai-mexico"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (19): M\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 Mexico hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2024\/02\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-14-mau-sac-cua-quoc-ky-mexico-hien-dien-khap-noi.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (19): M\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 Mexico hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] Mexico c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. 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