{"id":31315,"date":"2023-09-18T09:34:22","date_gmt":"2023-09-18T02:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=31315"},"modified":"2025-05-23T08:45:58","modified_gmt":"2025-05-23T01:45:58","slug":"loat-bai-mexico-2012-03-tan-hoa-xa-dai-ban-van-kim-tu-thap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/09\/loat-bai-mexico-2012-03-tan-hoa-xa-dai-ban-van-kim-tu-thap.html","title":{"rendered":"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i Mexico 2012 (03): T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i ban v\u1eadn\u201d Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Teotihuacan c\u00f9ng Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i l\u00ean m\u1ea1ng t\u00ecnh c\u1edd l\u01b0\u1edbt xem m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa Net, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u1edf Teotihuacan, th\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u01b0\u1eddi ra n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2n Hoa Net tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng, l\u00e0 \u201cmi\u1ec7ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201cc\u1eaft gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e1o\u201d vi di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u201cM\u1ed9 Dung Gia\u201d trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Kim Dung, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2u ng\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng 3,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n \u1edf Mexico c\u0169ng d\u00e1m \u201cdi chuy\u1ec3n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d.<\/p>\n

1. \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i ban v\u1eadn c\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong l\u00fac nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i \u0111em b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra t\u00e1n g\u1eabu \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat, xem nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1edd l\u1ea1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hai b\u00e0i tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0o m\u1ea5y h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 9 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2011 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa Net v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i l\u00e0: B\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c Th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed9c V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin Internet Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 30.<\/p>\n

\u201cKi\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, bi\u00ean t\u1ea1o d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u00ean Internet\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0: \u201cC\u01b0 d\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tin nh\u1ea3m v\u00e0 b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean Internet\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1eafc Kinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 10 T\u00e2n Hoa Net \u0111\u01b0a tin cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, bi\u00ean t\u1ea1o d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c Th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed9c V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin Internet Qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111ang g\u00e2y x\u00f4n xao trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng. Gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n tin nh\u1ea3m tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng…\u201d v.v…<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i c\u0169ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u01b0 d\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng \u201cki\u00ean quy\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin Internet Qu\u1ed1c gia, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, bi\u00ean t\u1ea1o tin nh\u1ea3m\u201d. T\u00f4i vi\u1ebft ra s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 \u201cBan v\u1eadn Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p\u201d n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00eam ch\u00ednh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i khu\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa Net, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u1edf Teotihuacan c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico 40 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 hai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n l\u1edbn mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c di t\u00edch kh\u00e1c \u1edf Chichen Itza c\u00e1ch Teotihuacan 1450 km.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa Net. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c di t\u00edch kh\u00e1c \u1edf Chichen Itza tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Yucatan c\u00e1ch Teotihuacan 1450 km ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 Teotihuacan.<\/i><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net – “Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n<\/a>“<\/b><\/i>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm b\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c di t\u00edch Maya \u1edf Chichen Itza tr\u00ean Wikipedia <\/a><\/p>\n

Xin h\u00e3y xem \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Google b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb Chichen Itza \u0111\u1ebfn Teotihuacan l\u00e0 1447 km, ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 16 gi\u1edd l\u00e1i xe. T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cban v\u1eadn c\u00f4ng\u201d th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cC\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n Na Di \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p\u201d (c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Minh Gi\u00e1o) r\u1ed3i. Nh\u1eb1m l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng lao to l\u1edbn \u201cNgu C\u00f4ng d\u1eddi th\u00e1p\u201d c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng sao ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean T\u00e2n Hoa Net, \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0o ph\u00eda sau b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1eeb Chichen Itza \u0111\u1ebfn Teotihuacan (Google)<\/i><\/p>\n

2. Chichen Itza<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Yucatan c\u1ee7a Mexico, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Maya nguy nga ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb em sinh \u0111\u00f4i v\u1eady, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp. Tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Yucatan di ch\u1ec9 Maya n\u1ed5i danh nh\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Chichen Itza, quy m\u00f4 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u00f9ng v\u0129, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tinh x\u1ea3o, quang c\u1ea3nh th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u du kh\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn tham quan. N\u0103m 1988 Chichen Itza \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Danh s\u00e1ch Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m 2007 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 100 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn qua m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong B\u1ea3y k\u1ef3 quan th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Hai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa X\u00e3 th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan \u1edf Chichen Itza, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p El Castillo:<\/p>\n

\u201c…..k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e1p cao si\u00eau c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kinh ng\u1ea1c, t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng t\u1ea7ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh kem sinh nh\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng lung linh tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i to l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p c\u00f3 91 b\u1eadc thang, th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh. B\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 364 b\u1eadc, l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p th\u00ec v\u1eeba hay 365 b\u1eadc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng v\u1eeba kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. C\u1ea7u thang c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a th\u00e1p ch\u00edn t\u1ea7ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 18 ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m theo l\u1ecbch Maya.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya t\u00f4n th\u1edd Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng Kukulkan (t\u1ee9c r\u1eafn c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng v\u0169) l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean b\u1eadc thang ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1n Th\u1ea7n Kukulkan ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tinh t\u1ebf kh\u1eafc l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng v\u0169, \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eafn h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng th\u00e8 l\u01b0\u1ee1i, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, th\u00e2n r\u1eafn l\u1ea1i \u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u thang, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 thu ph\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, khi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u1eeb l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1ed9 r\u00f5, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebb th\u1eb3ng t\u1eafp \u1ea5y c\u0169ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, giao thoa th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn l\u1edbn \u0111ang bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng, u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n thong dong, nh\u01b0 bay nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea3y, c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9. K\u1ef3 quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eebng r\u1eadm Nam M\u1ef9. Lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thi\u00ean v\u0103n, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0y, cho d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u0103m d\u00f2 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ng\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean trong Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u0103m d\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng tia X (ch\u1ee5p tia ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1), th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau\u201d.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya n\u1eafm gi\u1eef. C\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea7n b\u00ed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u1eb7n trong hai ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 thu ph\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cQuang c\u1ea3nh b\u00f3ng r\u1eafn\u201d. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang 3 gi\u1edd 22 ph\u00fat, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c xem tr\u1ecdng thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan quy \u0111\u1ebfn lu\u1eadt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean th\u1ec3. M\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan c\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ebf tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc cao si\u00eau n\u00e0y. Nh\u00ecn theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ba m\u00e9t \u1edf m\u1eb7t B\u1eafc t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean \u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 thu ph\u00e2n; trong khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 m\u1eb7t Nam l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba hay ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u1ef1c Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao s\u00e1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam, m\u00e0 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn sao Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 sao H\u1ea3i V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u1eaft th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9? M\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong r\u1eebng r\u1eadm, v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quan tr\u1eafc thi\u00ean v\u0103n? L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m sao c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn s\u00e2u trong r\u1eebng r\u1eadm, l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cao 70 m\u00e9t? Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Maya th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0o l\u00fac 2 gi\u1edd 41 ph\u00fat chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2009, m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Kukulkan x\u00f4ng l\u00ean tr\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e2y \u0111en d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi du kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u1edf c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 hai con g\u00e1i. Trong b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 bay kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111ang \u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7ng m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 n\u00e9t. C\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m tia laze kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh: bao g\u1ed3m ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng, th\u1eddi gian, th\u1eddi gian ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p, t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, v.v. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Mexico cho bi\u1ebft: b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh si\u00eau c\u1ea5p. C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ebb th\u1ea7n b\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya”.<\/p>\n

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B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m: Nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Hoa Net<\/em><\/p>\n

Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Mexico<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u201cTeotihuacan\u201d trong ti\u1ebfng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n\u201d, di t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa thung l\u0169ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda Popocatepetl v\u00e0 Iztaccihuatl c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico 40 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u01a1n 20 km2<\/sup>. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 150, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u0103m 450 v\u00e0o l\u00fac ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung M\u1ef9 l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Bao g\u1ed3m Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1ea7n R\u1eafn l\u00f4ng v\u0169 v\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 T\u1eed th\u1ea7n\u201d k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb B\u1eafc ch\u00ed Nam l\u1eebng danh.<\/p>\n

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Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e0n c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 t\u1ebf th\u1edd Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u00f9ng v\u0129, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh thang, quay m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y, m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u1eadc thang th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1y th\u00e1p l\u00e0 225 m\u00e9t, r\u1ed9ng 222 m\u00e9t, chi\u1ec1u cao 66 m\u00e9t, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m t\u1ea7ng, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u00ean t\u1edbi 1 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Khufu c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, Nam, T\u00e2y, B\u1eafc. B\u1ed1n ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef Kim \u201c\u91d1\u201d, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p v\u1eeba hay c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chu vi v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh. B\u00ean trong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng b\u00f9n \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 c\u00e1t, t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean, m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed7i b\u1eadc thang \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed1p nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng hoa v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. Men theo b\u1eadc thang l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, theo b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y Ban Nha th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t nguy nga l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi cao l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay trung t\u00e2m Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb trang nghi\u00eam, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ef1c \u0111eo \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1eadt trang s\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u, l\u00fac \u00e1nh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o trong \u0111i\u1ec7n, quanh th\u00e2n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecfa ra \u00e1nh h\u00e0o quang s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i cung k\u00ednh n\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kinh ng\u1ea1c: \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean Lang, xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda Nam, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t trong s\u1ea3nh \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean; v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a sao B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3nh ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e1p cao si\u00eau c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kinh ng\u1ea1c, t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng t\u1ea7ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau l\u1ea1i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh kem sinh nh\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng lung linh tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i to l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p c\u00f3 91 b\u1eadc thang, th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh. B\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 364 b\u1eadc, l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p th\u00ec v\u1eeba hay 365 b\u1eadc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng v\u1eeba kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. C\u1ea7u thang c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a th\u00e1p ch\u00edn t\u1ea7ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 18 ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m theo l\u1ecbch Maya.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya t\u00f4n th\u1edd Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng Kukulkan (t\u1ee9c r\u1eafn c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng v\u0169) l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean b\u1eadc thang ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n Kukulkan ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tinh t\u1ebf kh\u1eafc l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng v\u0169, \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eafn h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng th\u00e8 l\u01b0\u1ee1i, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, th\u00e2n r\u1eafn l\u1ea1i \u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u thang, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 thu ph\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, khi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u1eeb l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1ed9 r\u00f5, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebb th\u1eb3ng t\u1eafp \u1ea5y c\u0169ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, giao thoa th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t con r\u1eafn l\u1edbn \u0111ang bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng, u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n thong dong, nh\u01b0 bay nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea3y, c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9. K\u1ef3 quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eebng r\u1eadm Nam M\u1ef9. Lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thi\u00ean v\u0103n, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0y, cho d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u0103m d\u00f2 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ng\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean trong Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u0103m d\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng tia X (ch\u1ee5p tia ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1), th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau\u201d.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda B\u1eafc th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1ebf th\u1edd Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng. Phong c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi 200 n\u0103m. M\u1eb7t th\u00e1p h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1y 150 m\u00e9t, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 120 m\u00e9t, chi\u1ec1u cao 46 m\u00e9t, c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m t\u1ea7ng, nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed1p \u1edf m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00edch h\u1ecda v\u1edbi hoa v\u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc, qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 T\u1eed th\u1ea7n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ch\u1eebng 2,5 km, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 40 m\u00e9t, ph\u00eda Nam \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi di t\u00edch th\u00e0nh l\u0169y h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. Ph\u00eda sau th\u00e0nh l\u0169y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n Th\u1ea7n r\u1eafn l\u00f4ng v\u0169, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n Kesir Quart. Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng Kesir Quart l\u00e0 t\u00ean v\u1ecb vua \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec t\u00f4n th\u1edd nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, quy m\u00f4 c\u0169ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, tuy nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tinh x\u1ea3o, b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7, l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 tinh t\u1ebf. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thang c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y t\u1eebng t\u1ea7ng t\u1eebng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 x\u00e2y gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eafn v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n l\u00f4ng v\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho Th\u1ea7n M\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb l\u00f5i ng\u00f4. Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng Kesir Quart l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau \u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u1eddi \u0111i \u00f4ng th\u1ec1 s\u1ebd quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Kesir Quart.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng c\u00f3 cung H\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7ng trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ph\u1ed3n hoa nh\u1ea5t to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh chim c\u00e1nh b\u01b0\u1edbm c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 tinh t\u1ebf, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi cung \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n nay l\u1ea1i khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n Th\u1ea7n \u1ed1c l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby. D\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang d\u1ecdc \u0111an xen, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u00e1c di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Teotihuacan tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c b\u00edch h\u1ecda, \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 m\u00e0u r\u1ea5t tinh x\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e1u v\u1eadt trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Tr\u00ean b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1ea7n N\u00f4ng\u201d ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda khung c\u1ea3nh t\u1ebf l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o long tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong b\u1ee9c h\u1ecda mang c\u00e1c d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb kh\u00e1c nhau, x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb trong mi\u1ec7ng m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt nh\u1ea3 ra c\u00e1c hoa v\u0103n, theo l\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ecdc th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u0103n t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Toltec. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc Th\u1ea7n N\u01b0\u1edbc sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn x\u00e2y gh\u00e9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u Th\u1ea7n N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9i v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n, hai tai \u0111eo khuy\u00ean, v\u1ebb m\u1eb7t nghi\u00eam trang, hai m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng, th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1ng, tr\u00ean \u00e1o b\u00e0o kh\u1eafc hoa v\u0103n h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh s\u1ee9 m\u00e0u c\u00f3 ba ch\u00e2n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai qu\u1eadt tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 650 \u0111\u1ebfn 700, Teotihuacan g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7n\u201d n\u00e0y. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua tu s\u1eeda sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/www.zhengjian.org\/node\/77727<\/a><\/p>\n

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