{"id":30659,"date":"2023-06-28T10:38:45","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T03:38:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=30659"},"modified":"2025-05-30T14:22:36","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T07:22:36","slug":"thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html","title":{"rendered":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a – Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n 3 – S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ba b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a (Ti\u1ebfp)<\/b><\/p>\n

3.3. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba – \u201cB\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc\u201d b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi<\/b><\/p>\n

Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i thai, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t cho thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Trong h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m qua, c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a d\u1ef1a theo ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a theo th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p; c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lo\u1ea1i suy c\u00e1c h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra “c\u00e2y ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a” th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p cao. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111i s\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c di t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai qu\u1eadt, bu\u1ed9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e2y ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay khi c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

3.3.1. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau khi thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean khung bi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng l\u1eafm ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fat \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a th\u00eam ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u1ed9t b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (tham kh\u1ea3o Weinberg [1]., Knoll [2] Li Nan [3], v.v.), c\u00f2n c\u1ed9t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i<\/b><\/td>\nTh\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a theo thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/b><\/td>\nNh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nH\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch vi sinh v\u1eadt (microfossil) c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/td>\nH\u00e0ng tr\u0103m qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u kim lo\u1ea1i tinh x\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t 2,8 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u1edf Nam Phi. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia cho r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. [7]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nT\u1ea3o lam (vi khu\u1ea9n lam) xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kho\u1ea3ng 600 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nS\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt trong k\u1ef7 Cambri, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, b\u1ecd ba th\u00f9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/td>\nT\u1ea1i Dorchester, Massachusetts, M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh hoa kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ti\u1ec1n k\u1ef7 Cambri c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 600 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1c [4]. M\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n mang gi\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecd ba th\u00f9y t\u1eeb k\u1ef7 Cambri \u1edf Antelope Springs, Utah, M\u1ef9 [7].<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
450 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 Ordovic; c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n; th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i 450 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 B\u1ea3o S\u01a1n t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c [8]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
360 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 Devon; s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y (350 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/span><\/td>\nT\u1ea1i m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 Kingoodie \u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111inh n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i sa th\u1ea1ch (360-408 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i) [4]. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u1edf b\u1edd t\u00e2y s\u00f4ng Mississippi \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hai d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi [9 ]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 Permi; \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00fa nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\nM\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0ng 260-320 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i Morrisonville, Illinois, M\u1ef9 [4]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 Trias\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\nM\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch in d\u1ea5u gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf Triassic, Nevada (213-248 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i) [4]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nChim xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, kh\u1ee7ng long ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/td>\nH\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch ng\u00f3n tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1eaft h\u1ee3p kim l\u1ea1 (m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc c\u00e1n b\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb than h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n kh\u1ee7ng long d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Paluxy \u1edf Texas, Hoa K\u1ef3 [4]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 Ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng (k\u1ef7 Creta), h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t [10, 11]<\/span><\/td>\n\u1ede Saint-Jean de Livet, Ph\u00e1p, trong m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i k\u1ef7 Creta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00edch c\u1ee1 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i 65 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc [4].<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 tinh x\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 300 feet b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00fai Table mountain t\u1ea1i California, Hoa K\u1ef3 [4]<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nV\u01b0\u1ee3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam (Australopithecus) xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\nH\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1nh tay tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf Kanapoi, Kenya [8], \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eeda 3,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf Monte Hermoso, Argentina [4].<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9ng Th\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e2u Phi (Homo erectus) (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng [12]<\/span><\/td>\n\u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c di t\u00edch v\u0103n minh c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

200 – 400 ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\n\u201cThuy\u1ebft Eva\u201d v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng: 200.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u00e2u Phi<\/span><\/td>\nT\u1ea1i Lawn Ridge, Illinois, Hoa K\u1ef3, \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 114 feet (kho\u1ea3ng 35m) d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng xu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Pleistocene [4] \u0110\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o s\u1eaft ghim trong h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u1ed5 260.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf Privalia, Mexico; M\u1ed9t l\u00f4 gi\u00e1o s\u1eaft 250.000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai qu\u1eadt \u1edf Mexico [4] Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i Cao nguy\u00ean Golan \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9i trang s\u1ee9c tinh x\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 250.000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i. [13]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40 ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Ai C\u1eadp c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 8000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cho t\u1edbi nay, hai c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. [14]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\nV\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/16720<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] Ph\u1ea7n 3 – S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ba b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a (Ti\u1ebfp) 3.3. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba – \u201cB\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc\u201d b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[304,97],"tags":[420],"class_list":["post-30659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loat-bai","category-phan-tich-binh-luan","tag-thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ChanhKien.org] Ph\u1ea7n 3 – S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ba b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a (Ti\u1ebfp) 3.3. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba – \u201cB\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc\u201d b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Editor\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a\"},\"headline\":\"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a – Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2)\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\"},\"wordCount\":1962,\"keywords\":[\"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a \u2013 Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i (Series)\",\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\",\"name\":\"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a – Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/\",\"name\":\"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\",\"description\":\"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a\",\"name\":\"Editor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a7e351796c267be1e6120d3fd4e0fd9e37a5f397ee8fb5758ccfd748b3dd9907?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a7e351796c267be1e6120d3fd4e0fd9e37a5f397ee8fb5758ccfd748b3dd9907?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Editor\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/author\/editor\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net","og_description":"[ChanhKien.org] Ph\u1ea7n 3 – S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ba b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a (Ti\u1ebfp) 3.3. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba – \u201cB\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc\u201d b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a […]","og_url":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html","og_site_name":"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net","article_published_time":"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00","author":"Editor","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Editor","Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html"},"author":{"name":"Editor","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a"},"headline":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a – Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2)","datePublished":"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html"},"wordCount":1962,"keywords":["Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a \u2013 Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc"],"articleSection":["Lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i (Series)","Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html","url":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html","name":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a - Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2) - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-06-28T03:38:45+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-30T07:22:36+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2023\/06\/thuyet-tien-hoa-sai-lam-khoa-hoc-lon-nhat-cua-nhan-loai-phan-31-2.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a – Sai l\u1ea7m khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 3-2)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/","name":"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net","description":"Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/815a8ddcbe05b998bbeba355c194560a","name":"Editor","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a7e351796c267be1e6120d3fd4e0fd9e37a5f397ee8fb5758ccfd748b3dd9907?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a7e351796c267be1e6120d3fd4e0fd9e37a5f397ee8fb5758ccfd748b3dd9907?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Editor"},"url":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/author\/editor"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30659\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}