![\"\"](\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Phong-Th\u1ee7y-1.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\n\u201cN\u00fai Th\u00e1i t\u1ed5\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean (b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n) c\u1ee7a long m\u1ea1ch \u1edf ph\u00eda sau n\u01a1i k\u1ebft huy\u1ec7t, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf xung quanh \u0111\u00f3, h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u1ecdn \u201cthi\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 s\u01a1n\u201d. \u201cPh\u1ee5 m\u1eabu s\u01a1n\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a s\u01a1n th\u1ec3 (l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai) \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn theo long m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai k\u1ebft huy\u1ec7t m\u00e0 \u0111i ra ph\u00eda ph\u00eda sau. \u201cHuy\u1ec7t tinh\u201d th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai k\u1ebft huy\u1ec7t, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u01a1n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb trong \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t. \u201cThanh long sa\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e3y n\u00fai ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1n th\u1ec3 \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb, \u201cB\u1ea1ch h\u1ed5 sa\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e3y n\u00fai ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1n th\u1ec3 \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ee7y kh\u1ea9u sa\u201d, \u201cH\u1ea1 th\u1ee7 sa\u201d. \u201c\u00c1n\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u01a1n th\u1ec3 (c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai) \u1edf g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 b\u00fat ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng y\u00ean ng\u1ef1a, \u201ctri\u1ec1u\u201d ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai \u1edf xa xa ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb, n\u00f3i chung tri\u1ec1u s\u01a1n n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda sau \u00e1n s\u01a1n. \u201cC\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c\u201d (k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c) c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5c\u201d, ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3, nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec m\u1ed7i \u201chuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb\u201d b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u1ee5c th\u1ebf (h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n), c\u1ee5c th\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea5p cao th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp ph\u1ea9m (c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p) th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u201cc\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c\u201d, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u00fa qu\u00fd ph\u00fac ph\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng quan huy\u1ec7n th\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eadp c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c\u201d. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed7 k\u1ebft huy\u1ec7t. M\u1ed7i \u201cc\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c d\u1eb7m, tr\u00ean tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, nh\u1ecf th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, m\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c l\u1edbn c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf, trong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbn: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian; hai l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. Tu luy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gia v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gia trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, tu luy\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gian ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian ph\u00e1p, n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u00e0 th\u0103ng hoa c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n trong th\u1ebf gian con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u00e0 th\u0103ng hoa c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ebf gian con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 La H\u00e1n, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 uy \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong phong th\u1ee7y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean t\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u1ebf gian ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian ph\u00e1p n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian sai kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan l\u1ea1i trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n chia theo \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n, v\u00f5, trung ch\u00ednh c\u1eedu ph\u1ea9m (ch\u00edn th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc quan l\u1ea1i trong h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng). Th\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 cho Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu \u0110\u1ea1o, bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng \u1edf nh\u00e2n gian, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a quan l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u1ede tr\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u201cth\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m\u201d m\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u201cth\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m huy\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh\u201d \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i, c\u00f2n b\u00e1t ph\u1ea9m, c\u1eedu ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 cho th\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n v\u00f5 kh\u00e1c nhau ra, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 khoa c\u1eed ra th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t quan l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eefa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ebfu li\u00eam\u201d, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t li\u00eam khi\u1ebft, b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u01b0ng t\u00e1n ca ng\u1ee3i th\u00ec quan vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed anh ta, sau khi Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ph\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, n\u1ebfu x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t anh ta l\u00e0m quan. Hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn li\u00eam khi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ch quan l\u1ea1i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t quan vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong ho\u00e0ng tri\u1ec1u h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea7ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 phong th\u1ee7y n\u1eefa, n\u00f3i chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m phong th\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u0103m h\u1ecd trong d\u00e2n gian l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 (phong th\u1ee7y) \u0111\u00e3 bao qu\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u00f3 (xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian). Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7t n\u1eefa m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ecb\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201ct\u00f2a\u201d, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00f2a, li\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i v.v. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u00ean, Ph\u1eadt, Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Tr\u00ean nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m, cao nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1eedu ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ebf ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba”, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Thi\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba”. \u0110\u1ebf ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5c, ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nghi\u00eam m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c gia t\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn Thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh, th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi Tr\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 an b\u00e0i Thi\u00ean Th\u1ea7n h\u1ea1 ph\u00e0m m\u00e0 l\u00e0m, cho n\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean t\u1eed. V\u00f4 lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ebf ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba hay Thi\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c danh x\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sinh m\u1ec7nh cao c\u1ea5p \u1edf kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u1ecba\u201d \u1edf c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d. N\u01a1i ra \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf hay tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d. T\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 ch\u00ed kim, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
Trung Hoa 5000 n\u0103m nay, t\u1eeb H\u1ea1 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Chu cho \u0111\u1ebfn Thanh tri\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0a th\u01b0a kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chia n\u0103m x\u1ebb b\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0 Tam qu\u1ed1c, Ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c v.v.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1eef \u201ctri\u1ec1u (\u671d)\u201d n\u00e0y trong Gi\u00e1p c\u1ed1t v\u0103n g\u1ed3m hai c\u00e2y c\u1ecf nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t m\u1ecdc l\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u1ea9n \u00fd ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, thu\u1eadn theo Thi\u00ean \u00fd m\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh; ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i (\u4ee3)\u201d g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n (\u4eba) + b\u1ed9 d\u1eb7c (\u5f0b), th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u201cd\u1eb7c\u201d ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfc g\u1eady g\u1ed7 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y gi\u00e1o (\u6208), m\u0169i kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u5200 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf \u0111i m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc g\u1eady g\u1ed7 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i\u201d ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u00e0 thay ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u201ctri\u1ec1u\u201d th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c; \u201cqu\u1ed1c (\u570b)\u201d l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m c\u00e2y gi\u00e1o gi\u01a1 l\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea1m vi bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1ea5y Thi\u00ean \u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00ec \u201ctri\u1ec1u\u201d cao h\u01a1n \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ed1c\u201d. Qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u201ctri\u1ec1u\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u201cho\u00e0ng (\u7687)\u201d, m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u201cqu\u1ed1c\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u738b)\u201d. Tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba, ph\u00e0m x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ed1c\u201d th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
\u1ede t\u1ea7ng th\u1ebf gian c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 sai k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gian con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u1edf th\u1ebf gian con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gia t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebf ho\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 L\u00fd \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Tri\u1ec7u T\u1ed1ng v.v., v\u00ed nh\u01b0 gia t\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Kh\u1ed5ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m, v\u00ec Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Nho h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, t\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho n\u00ean ph\u00fac k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi con ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1eddi sau; c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gia t\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thi\u00ean S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu luy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1ch n\u00f3i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u201cqu\u00fd\u201d l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n ra. Gia th\u1ebf h\u1ecd Kh\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u201cph\u00fac\u201d l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n, c\u00f2n gia t\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thi\u00ean S\u01b0 l\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a “tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. Cho n\u00ean l\u1ea5y \u201cqu\u00fd\u201d l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gom h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a chung chung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u201cqu\u00fd\u201d v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u201cph\u00fa\u201c, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00fa qu\u00fd linh ti\u00ean\u201d, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd cho ra \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ed1n chi ph\u00e1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00e1t \u201cph\u00fa\u201d, m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00e1t \u201cqu\u00fd\u201d, m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00e1t \u201clinh\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i linh th\u00f4ng, t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt s\u0129 giang h\u1ed3, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t sinh ra nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu luy\u1ec7n; c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t sinh ra m\u1ed9t chi ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cph\u00fa qu\u00fd linh ti\u00ean\u201d.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ph\u00fa qu\u00fd, ph\u00fa qu\u00fd, c\u00f3 ph\u00fa th\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00fd, c\u00f3 qu\u00fd th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u00fa, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sao? K\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, n\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n \u201cph\u00fa, qu\u00fd\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00fa l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n qu\u00fd; n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u00fd\u201d, v\u1eady b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thanh quan, nhi\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1i cao, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 thanh b\u1ea7n s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c v\u00e1ch, s\u1eed s\u00e1ch ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1edbi l\u00fac ch\u1ebft ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i quan t\u00e0i t\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u0169ng mua kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00fa c\u0169ng v\u1eady, qu\u00fd c\u0169ng v\u1eady, l\u00e0 do th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean an b\u00e0i, trong m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh ch\u00ednh th\u00f4ng qua gian kh\u1ed5 ph\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t, thu\u1eadn theo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb thanh quan kia trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, h\u1ecd n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t t\u00e0i ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng sao? Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo l\u1ebd c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban cho, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, thu nh\u1eadp quang minh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 do h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, sau khi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gian kh\u1ed5 ph\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ph\u00fa v\u1eeba qu\u00fd v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn lao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00fa qu\u00fd\u201d ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m quan trong m\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u00fd nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp m\u1edd \u00e1m, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t ph\u00fa, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, V\u1eady ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00e0 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00f4ng qua ti\u00eau hao ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c kia m\u1ed9t khi ti\u00eau hao \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi sau ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3. B\u1ea1n xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n m\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u1eebng th\u1ea5y anh ta hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00ea th\u1ea3m th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 qu\u00fd nh\u00e2n quan ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t, sinh s\u1ed1ng trong nhung l\u1ee5a ng\u1ecdc ng\u00e0, xa hoa d\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3ng. Cho n\u00ean c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u1ea7u thai c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 th\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec ph\u00fac ph\u1eadn c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, gia t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u01b0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, th\u1eddi gian gia t\u1ed9c h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh theo \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i. \u1ede v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gia t\u1ed9c Th\u1ed5 Ty, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110oan \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y Nam (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). Gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb 600 n\u0103m, cho t\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Minh, v\u00ec gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, ph\u00fac tr\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 13 c\u1ee7a D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110oan l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00e1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng m\u1edf mang c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh. S\u1eed s\u00e1ch ch\u00e9p r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00ednh \u00f4ng hi\u1ebfu th\u1ea3o cha m\u1eb9, h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn anh em, an nhi\u00ean khi\u00eam h\u00f2a, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 khoan h\u00f2a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i v\u1eady\u201d. \u00d4ng cai qu\u1ea3n v\u00f9ng B\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u \u201cTh\u1ed5 ty \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn\u201d , \u201ctrang nghi\u00eam t\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9nh s\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng v\u0103n v\u1eadt Trung th\u1ed5\u201d. Thi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c \u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1edfng gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa. Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m V\u1ea1n L\u1ecbch tri\u1ec1u Minh, r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Long t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3n, b\u1ecb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Minh ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long mang qu\u00e2n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 700 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y phong th\u1ee7y tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc cao, \u0111\u1ecba linh th\u1ea7n s\u1ebd cho bi\u1ebft huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3y, t\u00e1m tr\u0103m n\u0103m, h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u01a1n v\u1ea1n n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u00e0 Chu l\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t cai tr\u1ecb thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 b\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1m tr\u0103m n\u0103m, v\u1eady th\u00ec nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb v\u1eeba n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd th\u1eddi gian huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn th\u00ec t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p sao? K\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba huy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh an b\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u1ea5y n\u0103m, v\u1eady h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u01b0 th\u1eeba th\u00ec b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u1eefa m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u1eefa ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chu k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cv\u0103n minh ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed\u201d. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t, l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh m\u1edbi. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 phong th\u1ee7y m\u00e0 nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111em t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d, c\u00e1i \u1edf tr\u00ean \u201cC\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba\u201d. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u01a1n v\u1ea1n n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 50 v\u1ea1n n\u0103m. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ea1n n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh 5000 n\u0103m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u1ecba\u201d m\u00e0 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Trung Hoa t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn 5000 n\u0103m. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf khai s\u00e1ng v\u0103n minh Trung Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00e2n v\u0103n s\u01a1 t\u1ed5\u201d, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb d\u1eabn d\u1eaft v\u0103n minh Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n
N\u00f3i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i C\u00e0n Kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecba cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n minh ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n minh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Gi\u1eefa ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cAtlantis\u201d, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecd t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Th\u1ea7n cho n\u00ean v\u0103n minh r\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bay cao m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u bay c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i g\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 9000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u l\u1eeda. H\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng (theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc suy \u0111o\u00e1n M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh tinh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 bay gi\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i \u1edf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 r\u1ea5t d\u00e0y), h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 bay c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn, chu du trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0.<\/p>\n
V\u1eady \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec sao, c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n v\u0103n minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ng\u00e0y nay, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nay kho\u1ea3ng hai v\u1ea1n n\u0103m th\u00f4i, ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 d\u00e3y n\u00fai C\u00f4n Lu\u00e2n, T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Cam T\u00fac, S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y c\u00e1c n\u01a1i v\u00f9ng trung th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v.v. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n th\u1ec3, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00e2ng cao v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. T\u1eeb k\u1ebb c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ng\u0169 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. Do v\u1eady m\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t cao, cho n\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi ba tr\u0103m, n\u0103m tr\u0103m tu\u1ed5i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 hi\u1ebfm hoi ly k\u1ef3! N\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft Kinh d\u1ecbch, H\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3, L\u1ea1c th\u01b0, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u1ed9i kinh v.v., \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta trong v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y suy x\u00e9t t\u00ecm t\u00f2i c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5u, k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n h\u1eefu \u00fd l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u00edt v\u0103n minh l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
[1] \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5c: ch\u1ec9 khu v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng trong ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i huy\u1ec7t v\u1ecb<\/p>\n