{"id":29323,"date":"2022-11-29T13:55:04","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T06:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=29323"},"modified":"2025-05-12T10:20:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T03:20:24","slug":"tai-lieu-giang-day-mon-van-hoa-cao-cap-y-doan-cau-chuyen-lich-su","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2022\/11\/tai-lieu-giang-day-mon-van-hoa-cao-cap-y-doan-cau-chuyen-lich-su.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n v\u0103n h\u00f3a (cao c\u1ea5p): Y Do\u00e3n (C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, thanh tr\u1eeb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd tu luy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Do \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00ean kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u1ed7 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng tu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u01b0u khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 cao, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng hoan ngh\u00eanh th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng tu c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169, c\u00f9ng nhau ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.\u25c7\u25c7\u25c7 \u25c7\u25c7\u25c7 \u25c7\u25c7\u25c7<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f0a\u5c39\u540d\u963f\u8861\uff081\uff09\u3002\u963f\u8861\u6b32\u5978\u6e6f\u800c\u7121\u7531\uff082\uff09\uff0c\u4e43\u70ba\u6709\u8398\u6c0f\u5ab5\u81e3\uff083\uff09\uff0c\u8ca0\u9f0e\u4fce\uff084\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ecb\u5473\u8aaa\uff085\uff09\u6e6f\uff0c\u81f4\uff086\uff09\u65bc\u738b\u9053\u3002\u6216\u66f0\uff1a\u4f0a\u5c39\u8655\u58eb\uff087\uff09\uff0c\u6e6f\u4f7f\u4eba\u8058\u8fce\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e94\u53cd\u7136\u5f8c\u80af\u5f80\u5f9e\u6e6f\uff0c\u8a00\u7d20\u738b\uff088\uff09\u53ca\u4e5d\u4e3b\uff089\uff09\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u6e6f\u8209\u4efb\u4ee5\u570b\u653f\u3002\u4f0a\u5c39\u53bb\u6e6f\u9069\u590f\u3002\u65e2\u4e11\u6709\u590f\uff0810\uff09\uff0c\u5fa9\u6b78\u65bc\u4eb3\uff0811\uff09\u3002\u5165\u81ea\u5317\u9580\uff0c\u9047\u5973\u9ce9\u3001\u5973\u623f\uff0812\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u300a\u5973\u9ce9\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5973\u623f\u300b\uff0813\uff09\u3002\uff08\u51fa\u81ea\u300a\u53f2\u8a18\u5377\u4e09\u30fb\u6bb7\u672c\u7d00\u300b<\/p>\n

H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y Do\u00e3n danh A Ho\u00e0nh (1). A Ho\u00e0nh d\u1ee5c gian Thang nhi v\u00f4 do (2), n\u00e3i vi H\u1eefu S\u1eb1n th\u1ecb d\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n (3), ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u1edf (4), d\u0129 t\u01b0 v\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft (5) Thang, tr\u00ed (6) vu v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o. Ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft: Y Do\u00e3n x\u1eed s\u0129 (7), Thang s\u1eed nh\u00e2n s\u00ednh ngh\u00eanh chi, ng\u0169 ph\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean h\u1eadu kh\u1eb3ng v\u00e3ng t\u00f2ng Thang, ng\u00f4n T\u1ed1 V\u01b0\u01a1ng (8) c\u1eadp C\u1eedu Ch\u1ee7 (9) chi s\u1ef1. Thang c\u1eed nh\u1eadm d\u0129 qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ednh. Y Do\u00e3n kh\u1ee9 Thang th\u00edch H\u1ea1. K\u00fd s\u1eedu H\u1eefu H\u1ea1 (10), ph\u1ee5c quy vu B\u1ea1t (11). Nh\u1eadp t\u1ef1 B\u1eafc m\u00f4n, ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1eef C\u01b0u, Nh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng (12), t\u00e1c \u300aNh\u1eef C\u01b0u\u300b, \u300aNh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng\u300b (13). (Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb \u300aS\u1eed K\u00fd \u2022 Quy\u1ec3n Tam n B\u1ea3n K\u1ef7 \u300b)<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) A Ho\u00e0nh\uff08\u963f\u8861\uff09: c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Y Do\u00e3n t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ch\u00ed, A Ho\u00e0nh l\u00e0 quan h\u00e0m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c quan t\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

(2) D\u1ee5c gian Thang nhi v\u00f4 do\uff08\u6b32\u5978\u6e6f\u800c\u7121\u7531\uff09: mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Gian \uff08\u5978\uff09: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn. Do\uff08\u7531\uff09: con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ed1i \u0111i.<\/p>\n

(3) D\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n\uff08\u5ab5\u81e3\uff09: ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i theo trong l\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u) cho con g\u00e1i nh\u00e0 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i khi xu\u1ea5t gi\u00e1. Phi t\u1eed c\u1ee7a vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c H\u1eefu S\u1eb1n, n\u00ean Y Do\u00e3n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m n\u00f4 t\u00e0i \u0111i theo l\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang.<\/p>\n

(4) \u0110\u1ec9nh tr\u1edf\uff08\u9f0e\u4fce\uff09: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec9nh\uff08\u9f0e\uff09: l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u th\u1ee9c \u0103n, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f2n, c\u00f3 hai tai c\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ba ch\u00e2n. Tr\u1edf\uff08\u4fce\uff09: c\u00e1i th\u1edbt g\u1ed7 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft th\u1ecbt.<\/p>\n

(5) Thuy\u1ebft\uff08\u8aaa\uff09: khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7<\/p>\n

(6) Tr\u00ed\uff08\u81f4\uff09: g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00f3p \u00fd, g\u00f3p l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

(7) X\u1eed S\u0129\uff08\u8655\u58eb\uff09: ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng \u1ea9n c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ra l\u00e0m quan.<\/p>\n

(8) T\u1ed1 V\u01b0\u01a1ng\uff08\u7d20\u738b\uff09: ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec5n c\u1ed5. C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng danh hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u201cV\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, \u201cHo\u00e0ng\u201d nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c cao v\u1ecdng tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ho\u00e0ng, do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh h\u00e0o n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ed1 V\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

(9) C\u1eedu Ch\u1ee7\uff08\u4e5d\u4e3b\uff09: ch\u1ec9 Tam Ho\u00e0ng, Ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i V\u0169.<\/p>\n

(10) S\u1eedu H\u1eefu H\u1ea1\uff08\u4e11\u6709\u590f\uff09: cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu H\u1ea1 t\u00e0n \u00e1c th\u1eadm t\u1ec7. S\u1eedu\uff08\u4e11\uff09: cho l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u \u00e1c, \u0111\u00e1ng c\u0103m gh\u00e9t. H\u1eefu H\u1ea1\uff08\u6709\u590f\uff09: ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

(11) Ph\u1ee5c quy vu B\u1ea1t\uff08\u5fa9\u6b78\u65bc\u4eb3\uff09: Y Do\u00e3n t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t H\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y vua Ki\u1ec7t ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, n\u00ean \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i quay v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

(12) Nh\u1eef C\u01b0u, Nh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng\uff08\u5973\u9ce9\u3001\u5973\u623f\uff09: hai v\u1ecb quan th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vua Thang.<\/p>\n

(13) \u300aNh\u1eef C\u01b0u\u300b, \u300aNh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng\u300b\uff08\u300a\u5973\u9ce9\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5973\u623f\u300b\uff09: hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n. \u300aT\u1eadp Gi\u1ea3i\u300b d\u1eabn l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng An Qu\u1ed1c r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNh\u1ecb bi\u00ean ng\u00f4n s\u1edf d\u0129 s\u1eedu H\u1ea1 nhi ho\u00e0n chi \u00fd d\u00e3\u201d (Hai thi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t x\u1ea5u xa \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1)<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y Do\u00e3n t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A Ho\u00e0nh. \u00d4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ed5 n\u1ed7i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 vua, th\u1ebf n\u00ean \u00f4ng b\u00e8n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m n\u00f4 t\u00e0i \u0111i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c H\u1eefu S\u1eb1n, v\u00e1c theo b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, l\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn m\u00f3n \u0103n l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, \u0111em \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua, khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 vua th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c theo V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1o. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Y Do\u00e3n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m quan, vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang t\u1eebng sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eddi \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m \u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ra g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t. Y Do\u00e3n \u0111\u00e0m lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec5n c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00edn v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t \u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1. Y Do\u00e3n t\u1eebng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o, khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u0103m gh\u00e9t, v\u1eady n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quay l\u1ea1i B\u1ea1t Th\u00e0nh – kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi Y Do\u00e3n t\u1eeb c\u1ed5ng B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o B\u1ea1t Th\u00e0nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai v\u1ecb quan th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u1eef C\u01b0u, Nh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cNh\u1eef C\u01b0u\u201d, \u201cNh\u1eef Ph\u00f2ng\u201d, thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u01b0, suy ng\u1eabm c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 quay v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1ea1t – kinh \u0111\u00f4 nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y Do\u00e3n (sinh n\u0103m 1648 TCN – m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1549 TCN), t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ch\u00ed. \u00d4ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i do b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c H\u1eefu S\u1eb1n nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong r\u1eebng d\u00e2u. B\u1edfi do m\u1eb9 nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Y, v\u1eady n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u00ean con s\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecd, Do\u00e3n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u01b0\u1edbng. Tuy r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5p b\u00e9, khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u00fac tr\u00ed \u0111a m\u01b0u, th\u00f4ng minh xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, ch\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u01b0\u01a1n xa. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i theo l\u00e0m n\u00f4 t\u00e0i trong l\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c H\u1eefu S\u1eb1n, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. Vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang t\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1edfng \u00f4ng, b\u1ecf \u0111i th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn n\u00f4 t\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t c\u1ea5t nh\u1eafc \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c theo V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1o, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1 t\u00e1nh thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb th\u1eeba t\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia n\u1ed5i danh nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Y Do\u00e3n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m l\u00e0m quan qua n\u0103m \u0111\u1eddi vua: Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, Ngo\u1ea1i B\u00ednh, Tr\u1ecdng Nh\u00e2m, Th\u00e1i Gi\u00e1p, \u1ed0c \u0110inh. Trong th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c th\u1eeba t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n quan li\u00eau, th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ed3n vinh, n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong s\u1ea1ch. V\u00e0o n\u0103m \u1ed0c \u0110inh th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m (n\u0103m 1549 TCN), Y Do\u00e3n qua \u0111\u1eddi, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 100 tu\u1ed5i. Vua \u1ed0c \u0110inh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 mai t\u00e1ng \u00f4ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi Y Do\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho n\u0103m v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00fac ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, Y Do\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1o, noi theo \u201cT\u1ed1 V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1eadp C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7\u201d (c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec5n c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u00edn v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7), l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c cai qu\u1ea3n thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, l\u1eadp n\u00ean t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u00c2n Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 500 n\u0103m, Y Do\u00e3n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lao to l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 phai nh\u00f2a khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng sau khi qua \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u00e1ng c\u1ea1nh l\u0103ng c\u1ee7a vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang.<\/p>\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng suy ng\u1eabm<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Y Do\u00e3n \u00f4m ch\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u01b0\u01a1n m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc n\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n l\u00e0m n\u00f4 t\u00e0i, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o cung di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn vua Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang. \u00d4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cnh\u1eabn\u201d, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf phong th\u00e1i, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u0103ng? Xin h\u00e3y n\u00f3i r\u00f5 l\u00fd do.<\/p>\n

2. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u1eddi vi\u1ec5n c\u1ed5 xa x\u01b0a, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Xin h\u00e3y n\u00f3i l\u00ean c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

3. Y Do\u00e3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i quay v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cchim kh\u00f4n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu\u201d, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 hay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd suy x\u00e9t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. T\u1ee9 Th\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Kinh Chi L\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

2. \u300aS\u1eed K\u00fd B\u1ea3n K\u1ef7 (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)\u300bnguy\u00ean t\u00e1c T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Thi\u00ean, V\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u1ee3i Kh\u00ed, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u1ec7t bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa th\u00edch, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1992 b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Ng\u0169 Nam.<\/p>\n

3. \u300aB\u1ea1ch Tho\u1ea1i S\u1eed K\u00fd\u300b do T\u1ea1 V\u0169 H\u00f9ng bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1968 b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n H\u00e0 L\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ed3 Th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

4. http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%B9<\/a><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/47961<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] L\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, thanh tr\u1eeb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd tu luy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 T\u00e0i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[393],"class_list":["post-29323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vanhoa-truyenthong","tag-tai-lieu-van-hoa-cao-cap"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n v\u0103n h\u00f3a (cao c\u1ea5p): Y Do\u00e3n (C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed) - 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