[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d4n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u00ean tai kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, n\u1ea1n c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hay tr\u1eddi xanh l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u00f4n d\u1ecbch trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 518, T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ki\u00ean ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y thay th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 Chu, t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y tr\u1edf \u0111i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb chia r\u1ebd b\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Thi\u00ean tai, \u00f4n d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng theo s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n \u0111i. S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u1edf tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y \u00edt h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ng\u1ee5y T\u1ea5n Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. Sau 38 n\u0103m l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u00e1u tr\u1eadn \u00f4n d\u1ecbch l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y. N\u00f3i chung th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 Tu\u1ef3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i n\u00ean d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y r\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, T\u00f9y D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf xa hoa d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gay g\u1eaft, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh tr\u00e0n lan, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u00f4n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf tr\u1ecb v\u00ec, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh x\u1ea3y ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt. N\u0103m Khai Ho\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai (n\u0103m 582) n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ed9t Quy\u1ebft x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, s\u1eed s\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u201ctai n\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00f4 s\u1ed1\u201d. N\u0103m Khai Ho\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 10 (n\u0103m 590), kinh th\u00e0nh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An x\u1ea3y ra tr\u1eadn \u00f4n d\u1ecbch. N\u0103m Khai Ho\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 18 (n\u0103m 598) T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh Cao Ly \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng Li\u00eau Thu\u1ef7 th\u00ec trong \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh, \u201ct\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i quay v\u1ec1\u201d, \u201cm\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft hai ba ph\u1ea7n\u201d.<\/p>\n
T\u00f9y D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i th\u00edch di\u1ec5u v\u00f5 d\u01b0\u01a1ng oai, l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. N\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 ba (n\u0103m 607) T\u00f9y D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf ph\u00e1i V\u0169 k\u1ef5 u\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Chu Khoan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0u C\u1ea7u. N\u0103m sau D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf l\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh cho Chu Khoan \u0111i chi\u00eau h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ch\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0u C\u1ea7u c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t. N\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u (n\u0103m 610) D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf ph\u00e1i H\u1ed5 b\u00f4n lang t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7n L\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1eddi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i phu Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea5n Chu xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb Ngh\u0129a An (nay l\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u Ch\u00e2u, Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng) theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 L\u01b0u C\u1ea7u. D\u1eabu r\u1eb1ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0y, qu\u00e2n T\u00f9y gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, \u201cb\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n b\u1ea3y ngh\u00ecn t\u00f9 binh\u201d nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u00f4n ph\u1ea7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Sau khi \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Tu\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, \u201cqu\u00e2n s\u0129 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ch\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00ed, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3i r\u00e9t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt m\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m ch\u00edn ph\u1ea7n\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n Tu\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t r\u1eebng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m (n\u0103m 612), m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn l\u0169 l\u1edbn \u1edf S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Nam \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t h\u01a1n 40 qu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau th\u00ec xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. Ri\u00eang v\u00f9ng S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00f4 s\u1ed1. C\u1ed9ng th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c T\u00f9y D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh \u0111\u00e1nh Cao Ly, v\u00f9ng S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng \u201cc\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0ng thu c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1i cho \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n\u201d, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u1ea7m than, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u0103m b\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng T\u00f9y D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ebf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ba l\u1ea7n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Cao Ly, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1eabn l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e1n c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y, l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea tuy\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3i l\u1eeda, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u1eabn nhau, m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n\u201d. Khi n\u00e0y v\u00f9ng Quan Trung b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, \u201cH\u1ea1n h\u00e1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng\u201d. Tuy r\u1eb1ng trong s\u1eed s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p chi ti\u1ebft h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00f4n d\u1ecbch ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhanh s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean gay g\u1eaft. Theo m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y.<\/p>\n