Ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn<\/i><\/p>\n
[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u8863\u8cb4(1)\u6f54(2)\uff0c\u4e0d\u8cb4\u83ef(3)\uff1b\u4e0a(4)\u5faa\u5206(5)\uff0c\u4e0b(6)\u7a31\u5bb6(7)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c0d\u98f2\u98df \uff0c\u52ff\u63c0\u64c7(8)\uff1b\u9069(9)\u53ef\u6b62\uff0c\u52ff\u904e\u5247(10)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e74\u65b9\u5c11(11)\uff0c\u52ff\u98f2\u9152\uff1b\u98f2\u9152\u9189\uff0c\u6700\u70ba\u919c(12)\u3002<\/p>\n
B\u00ednh \u00e2m:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u8863(y\u012b) \u8cb4(gu\u00ec) \u6f54(ji\u00e9)\uff0c \u4e0d(b\u00fa) \u8cb4(gu\u00ec) \u83ef(hu\u00e1)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u4e0a(sh\u00e0ng) \u5faa(x\u00fan) \u5206(f\u00e8n)\uff0c \u4e0b(xi\u00e0) \u7a31(ch\u00e8ng) \u5bb6(ji\u0101)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c0d(du\u00ec) \u98f2(y\u01d0n) \u98df(sh\u00ed) \uff0c \u52ff(w\u00f9) \u63c0(ji\u01cen) \u64c7(z\u00e9)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u9069(sh\u00ec) \u53ef(k\u011b) \u6b62(zh\u01d0)\uff0c \u52ff(w\u00f9) \u904e(gu\u00f2) \u5247(z\u00e9)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e74(ni\u00e1n) \u65b9(f\u0101ng) \u5c11(sh\u00e0o)\uff0c \u52ff(w\u00f9) \u98f2(y\u01d0n) \u9152(ji\u01d4)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u98f2(y\u01d0n) \u9152(ji\u01d4) \u9189(zu\u00ec)\uff0c \u6700(zu\u00ec) \u70ba(w\u00e9i) \u919c(ch\u01d2u)\u3002<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fa \u00e2m:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u8863(\u3127) \u8cb4(\u310d\u3128\u311f\u02cb) \u6f54(\u3110\u3127\u311d\u02ca)\uff0c\u4e0d(\u3105\u3128\u02ca) \u8cb4(\u310d\u3128\u311f\u02cb) \u83ef(\u310f\u3128\u311a\u02ca)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u4e0a(\u3115\u3124\u02cb) \u5faa(\u3112\u3129\u3123\u02ca) \u5206(\u3108\u3123\u02cb)\uff0c\u4e0b(\u3112\u3127\u311a\u02cb) \u7a31(\u3114\u3125\u02cb) \u5bb6(\u3110\u3127\u311a)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c0d(\u3109\u3128\u311f\u02cb) \u98f2(\u3127\u3123\u02c7) \u98df(\u3115\u02ca)\uff0c \u52ff(\u3128\u02cb) \u63c0(\u3110\u3127\u3122\u02c7) \u64c7(\u3117\u311c\u02ca)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u9069(\u3115\u02ca) \u53ef(\u310e\u311c\u02c7) \u6b62(\u3113\u02c7)\uff0c \u52ff(\u3128\u02cb) \u904e(\u310d\u3128\u311b\u02cb) \u5247(\u3117\u311c\u02ca)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e74(\u310b\u3127\u3122\u02ca) \u65b9(\u3108\u3124) \u5c11(\u3115\u3120\u02cb)\uff0c \u52ff(\u3128\u02cb) \u98f2(\u3127\u3123\u02c7) \u9152(\u3110\u3127\u3121\u02c7)\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u98f2(\u3127\u3123\u02c7) \u9152(\u3110\u3127\u3121\u02c7) \u9189(\u3117\u3128\u311f\u02cb)\uff0c\u6700(\u3117\u3128\u311f\u02cb) \u70ba(\u3128\u311f\u02ca) \u919c(\u3114\u3121\u02c7)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u00c2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t:<\/b><\/p>\n
Y qu\u00fd khi\u1ebft, b\u1ea5t qu\u00fd hoa; th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n, h\u1ea1 x\u1ee9ng gia.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3n tr\u1ea1ch; th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9, v\u1eadt qu\u00e1 t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
Ni\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ebfu, v\u1eadt \u1ea9m t\u1eedu; \u1ea9m t\u1eedu t\u00fay, t\u1ed1i vi x\u00fa.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi d\u1ecbch:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00c1o tr\u1ecdng s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdng sang; tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo ph\u1eadn, sau h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, ch\u1edb k\u00e9n ch\u1ecdn; v\u1eeba no d\u1eebng, ch\u1edb qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, ch\u1edb u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u; u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u say, r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
(1) qu\u00fd (\u8cb4): ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng, coi tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
(2) khi\u1ebft (\u6f54): thanh khi\u1ebft, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
(3) hoa (\u83ef): cao qu\u00fd, hoa l\u1ec7, sang tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
(4) th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u4e0a): tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
(5) tu\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n (\u5faa\u5206): tu\u00e2n theo b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tu\u1ea7n: tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, l\u00e0m theo. Ph\u00e2n: b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
(6) h\u1ea1 (\u4e0b): sau.<\/p>\n
(7) x\u01b0ng gia (\u7a31\u5bb6): t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh. X\u01b0ng: t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng, h\u1ee3p. Gia: gia c\u1ea3nh, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
(8) gi\u1ea3n tr\u1ea1ch (\u63c0\u64c7): k\u00e9n ch\u1ecdn, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Gi\u1ea3n: l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, l\u1ef1a. Tr\u1ea1ch: tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n
(9) th\u00edch (\u9069): th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
(10) qu\u00e1 t\u1eafc (\u904e\u5247): v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, qu\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qu\u00e1: v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. T\u1eafc: chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
(11) ni\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ebfu (\u5e74\u65b9\u5c11): tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n
(12) x\u00fa (\u919c): x\u1ea5u, x\u1ea5u x\u00ed, x\u1ea5u xa.<\/p>\n
L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/b><\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i coi tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby; qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o m\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
\u0102n u\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9n ch\u1ecdn; ba b\u1eefa c\u01a1m n\u00ean ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, b\u1edfi v\u00ec u\u1ed1ng say s\u1ebd \u0103n n\u00f3i x\u1eb1ng b\u1eady, l\u1ed9 ra tr\u0103m th\u00f3i x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang d\u1ea1y con<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang (1019 – 1086) t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n Th\u1ef1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf gian g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ed1c Th\u1ee7y ti\u00ean sinh, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thi\u1ec3m Ch\u00e2u th\u1eddi B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng (nay l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n H\u1ea1, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb quan thanh li\u00eam, cung k\u00ednh, khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch phong c\u00e1ch xa hoa, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n ca ng\u1ee3i. Ngay c\u1ea3 V\u01b0\u01a1ng An Th\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, nguy\u1ec7n \u00fd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang c\u1ea3 trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa \u00fd gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 xa x\u1ec9 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, n\u00ean ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u201cT\u01b0 Tr\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m\u201d, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m T\u1ed5 V\u0169, L\u01b0u Th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 L\u01b0u Ban gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u con trai T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Khang tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, \u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch con trai m\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng m\u00f3ng tay gi\u1edf s\u00e1ch th\u00ec trong l\u00f2ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn. \u00d4ng nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc d\u1ea1y con ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, ph\u1ea3i lau b\u00e0n kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, tr\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m kh\u0103n l\u00f3t l\u00ean b\u00e0n. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111oan ch\u00ednh ngay ng\u1eafn. Khi l\u1eadt trang s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u1ea1nh ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a tay ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng m\u00e9p c\u1ee7a trang s\u00e1ch l\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng l\u1eadt trang s\u00e1ch. \u00d4ng khuy\u00ean d\u1ea1y con r\u1eb1ng: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kinh doanh ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch g\u00f3p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch th\u00ec n\u00ean gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u00e1ch v\u1edf cho th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. \u00d4ng quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng \u201cC\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y y ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n che \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, \u0103n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n no b\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y \u201ckh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edf nh\u1eefng chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i\u201d. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTh\u1ef1c phong nhi sinh xa, kho\u00e1t th\u1ecbnh nhi sinh x\u1ec9\u201d \u00fd n\u00f3i \u0103n u\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 sung t\u00fac th\u00ec d\u1ec5 sinh ra xa x\u1ec9, xa x\u1ec9 th\u00ec s\u1ebd sinh ra hoang ph\u00ed. \u00d4ng c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng phong t\u1ee5c h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0103n n\u00f3i ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, khoe khoang gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u t\u00f4i t\u1edb m\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng trang ph\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n s\u0129, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng mang gi\u00e0y l\u1ee5a. T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, c\u00e2u danh ng\u00f4n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cDo ki\u1ec7m nh\u1eadp xa d\u1ecbch, do xa nh\u1eadp ki\u1ec7m nan\u201d. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y \u00fd n\u00f3i: T\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xa hoa, gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xa hoa gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u00ec kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Quang, con trai \u00f4ng T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Khang t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: Hi\u1ec7u th\u01b0 lang, Quan bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n ki\u00eam coi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ch cho vua, c\u0169ng nh\u1edd h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed9ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00eam khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eadu th\u1ebf ca ng\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Trung:<\/p>\n
http:\/\/media.zhengjian.org\/media\/2008\/11\/12\/dizigui-14.mp3<\/a><\/p>\n D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n