{"id":28754,"date":"2022-07-01T06:53:23","date_gmt":"2022-06-30T23:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=28754"},"modified":"2025-05-12T10:20:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T03:20:40","slug":"tai-lieu-giang-day-mon-van-hoa-cao-cap-ha-kiet-thi-hanh-chinh-sach-tan-bao-tat-diet-vong-cau-chuyen-lich-su","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2022\/07\/tai-lieu-giang-day-mon-van-hoa-cao-cap-ha-kiet-thi-hanh-chinh-sach-tan-bao-tat-diet-vong-cau-chuyen-lich-su.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n v\u0103n h\u00f3a (cao c\u1ea5p): H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t vong (C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, thanh tr\u1eeb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd tu luy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00ec m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng tu trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 g\u00f3p \u00fd. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3ng tu d\u00f9ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng hoan ngh\u00eanh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng tu c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n \u00fd tham d\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, bi\u00ean t\u1eadp tham gia ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u25c7\u25c7\u25c7 \u25c7\u25c7\u25c7 \u25c7\u25c7\u25c7<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n<\/i><\/p>\n

\u5b54\u7532\u5d29\uff0c\u5b50\u5e1d\u768b\u7acb\u3002\u5e1d\u768b\u5d29\uff0c\u5b50\u5e1d\u767c\u7acb\u3002\u5e1d\u767c\u5d29\uff0c\u5b50\u5e1d\u5c65\u7678\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u6840\u3002\u5e1d\u6840\uff081\uff09\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u81ea\u5b54\u7532\u4ee5\u4f86\u800c\u8af8\u4faf\u591a\u7554\u590f\uff0c\u6840\u4e0d\u52d9\u5fb7\u800c\u6b66\uff082\uff09\u50b7\u767e\u59d3\uff0c\u767e\u59d3\u5f17\u582a\u3002\u4e43\uff083\uff09\u53ec\u6e6f\u800c\u56da\u4e4b\u590f\u53f0\uff084\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u800c\u91cb\u4e4b\u3002\u6e6f\u4fee\u5fb7\uff0c\u8af8\u4faf\u7686\u6b78\u6e6f\uff0c\u6e6f\u9042\u7387\u5175\u4ee5\u4f10\u590f\u6840\u3002\u6840\u8d70\u9cf4\u689d\uff085\uff09\uff0c\u9042\u653e\uff086\uff09\u800c\u6b7b\u3002\u6840\u8b02\u4eba\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u543e\u6094\u4e0d\u9042\u6bba\u6e6f\u65bc\u590f\u53f0\uff0c\u4f7f\u81f3\u6b64\u3002\u300d\u6e6f\u4e43\u8e10\u5929\u5b50\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee3\u590f\u671d\u5929\u4e0b\u3002\u6e6f\u5c01\u590f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff1b\u81f3\u5468\uff0c\u5c01\u65bc\u675e\uff087\uff09\u4e5f\u3002\uff08\u51fa\u81ea\u300a\u53f2\u8a18\u300b\u5377\u4e8c\u590f\u672c\u7d00\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff09<\/p>\n

H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t<\/i><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1p b\u0103ng, t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebf Cao l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ebf Cao b\u0103ng, t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebf Ph\u00e1t l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ebf Ph\u00e1t b\u0103ng, t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebf L\u1eef Qu\u00fd l\u1eadp, th\u1ecb v\u1ecb Ki\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ebf Ki\u1ec7t (1) chi th\u1eddi, t\u1ef1 Kh\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1p d\u0129 lai nhi ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u \u0111a b\u1ea1n H\u1ea1, Ki\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9c nhi v\u0169 (2) th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh, b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ea5t kham. N\u00e3i (3) thi\u1ec7u Thang nhi t\u00f9 chi H\u1ea1 \u0110\u00e0i (4), d\u0129 nhi th\u00edch chi. Thang tu \u0111\u1ee9c, ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u giai quy Thang, Thang to\u1ea1i su\u1ea5t binh d\u0129 ph\u1ea1t H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t. Ki\u1ec7t t\u1ea9u Minh \u0110i\u1ec1u (5), to\u1ea1i ph\u00f3ng (6) nhi t\u1eed. Ki\u1ec7t v\u1ecb nh\u00e2n vi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u00f4 h\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t to\u1ea1i s\u00e1t Th\u01b0\u01a1ng vu H\u1ea1 \u0110\u00e0i, s\u1eed ch\u00ed th\u1eed.\u201d Thang n\u00e3i ti\u1ec5n thi\u00ean t\u1eed v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 tri\u1ec1u thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. Thang phong H\u1ea1 chi h\u1eadu; ch\u00ed Chu, \u0111\u1ed1i vu K\u1ef7 (7) d\u00e3. (Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb \u300aS\u1eed K\u00fd\u300bQuy\u1ec3n Nh\u1ecb H\u1ea1 B\u1ea3n K\u1ef7 \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb)<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/i><\/p>\n

(1) Ki\u1ec7t\uff08\u6840\uff09: t\u00ean vua nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

(2) V\u0169\uff08\u6b66\uff09: b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

(3) N\u00e3i\uff08\u4e43\uff09: nh\u01b0 n\u00e3i\uff08\u4e43\uff09.<\/p>\n

(4) H\u1ea1 \u0110\u00e0i\uff08\u590f\u53f0\uff09: t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0i, n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda nam huy\u1ec7n V\u0169 t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Nam ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

(5) Minh \u0110i\u1ec1u\uff08\u9cf4\u689d\uff09: t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba danh, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u00f3i ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a An \u1ea4p, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nam Di.<\/p>\n

(6) Ph\u00f3ng\uff08\u653e\uff09: l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf Nam S\u00e0o, thu\u1ed9c S\u00e0o Tri\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh An Huy ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

(7) K\u1ef7\uff08\u675e\uff09: thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n K\u1ef7 t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Nam ng\u00e0y nay. Chu V\u0169 V\u01b0\u01a1ng (sau khi ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng) phong cho h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i V\u0169 l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng L\u00e2u C\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t K\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch tham kh\u1ea3o<\/i><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1p qua \u0111\u1eddi, con l\u00e0 Cao k\u1ebf v\u1ecb. Cao \u0110\u1ebf qua \u0111\u1eddi, con l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t k\u1ebf v\u1ecb. Ph\u00e1t \u0110\u1ebf qua \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1ea1i do con l\u00e0 L\u00fd Qu\u00fd k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1p, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1, sau khi vua Ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u0103ng c\u01a1 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng tu t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ee9c, d\u00f9ng v\u00f5 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 vua Ki\u1ec7t tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9c \u00c2n l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang r\u1ed3i giam c\u1ea7m \u1edf H\u1ea1 \u0110\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau l\u1ea1i th\u1ea3 \u00f4ng v\u1ec1. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, n\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u quy thu\u1eadn theo, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang d\u1ea5y binh mang qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t. Ki\u1ec7t th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn Minh \u0110i\u1ec1u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft. Ki\u1ec7t n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn n\u0103m x\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft Thang \u1edf H\u1ea1 \u0110\u00e0i, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang l\u00ean ng\u00f4i thi\u00ean t\u1eed, thu l\u1ea5y thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1. \u00d4ng phong h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Chu, h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t K\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/i><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i tri\u1ec1u H\u1ea1, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Kh\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1p v\u1ec1 sau, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean ng\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n n\u1ed9i lo\u1ea1n, g\u00e2y h\u1ecda b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t, khi\u1ebfn cho l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tan r\u00e3, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1. H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t l\u00ean ng\u00f4i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o, chinh ph\u1ea1t chi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt, hao ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a, \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1c, hoang d\u00e2m v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u1ea7m than c\u01a1 c\u1ef1c, ti\u1ebfng o\u00e1n th\u00e1n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, kh\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3. H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t c\u00f2n b\u1eaft giam v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n trung th\u00e0nh can gi\u00e1n, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u t\u1ee9 b\u1ec1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh trong ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1n. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi c\u01a1 th\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1t Ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i, b\u00e8n l\u1ea5y phong th\u00e1i thay Tr\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c ru\u1ed7ng, l\u1eadp n\u00ean tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u1ede tr\u1eadn Minh \u0110i\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t, vua Ki\u1ec7t sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft \u1edf Nam S\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng minh cho c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u201cb\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh t\u1ea5t vong\u201d (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd di\u1ec7t vong). V\u1eady m\u00e0 H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t sau khi b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn, tuy \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1t l\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ed1i c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u00f4ng ta h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn n\u0103m x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thang, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng suy ng\u1eabm<\/i><\/p>\n

1. H\u1ea1 Ki\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sao sa, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i kh\u00f4 c\u1ea1n. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng: thi\u00ean tai ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i thi\u00ean l\u00fd. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed7i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n

2. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh, tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n 400 n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf, v\u1eady n\u00ean v\u1ec1 sau m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1eddi r\u0103n \u201c\u00c2n gi\u00e1m b\u1ea5t vi\u1ec5n, t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 h\u1eadu chi th\u1ebf\u201d (nh\u00e0 \u00c2n l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1, con ch\u00e1u nh\u00e0 \u00c2n l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, sau n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng). B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y chia s\u1ebb c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/i><\/p>\n

1.\u300aS\u1eed K\u00fd\u300b B\u1ea3n K\u1ef7 (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng) (c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 t\u1ecbch \u0110\u00e0i Loan, n\u0103m 2001).<\/p>\n

2.\u300aT\u00e2n D\u1ecbch Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed9c B\u1ea3n\u300b (nh\u00e0 in Tam D\u00e2n, n\u0103m 2005).<\/p>\n

3. T\u00e2n Hi\u1ec7u B\u1ea3n S\u1eed K\u00fd Tam Gia Ch\u00fa T\u00ednh Ph\u1ee5 Bi\u00ean Nh\u1ecb Ch\u1ee7ng quy\u1ec3n 1 (nh\u00e0 in \u0110\u1ec9nh V\u0103n)<\/p>\n

4. Trang Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn http:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org<\/a><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: https:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/47967<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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