[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n<\/b><\/p>\n
\u5b8b\uff081\uff09\u9f4a\uff082\uff09\u7e7c\uff083\uff09\uff0c\u6881\uff084\uff09\u9673\uff085\uff09\u627f\uff086\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u70ba\u5357\u671d\uff087\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\uff088\uff09\u91d1\u9675\uff089\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5317\uff0810\uff09\u5143\u9b4f\uff0811\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u6771\u897f\uff0812\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5b87\u6587\u5468\uff0813\uff09\uff0c\u8207\u9ad8\u9f4a\uff0814\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
B\u00ednh \u00e2m<\/i><\/p>\n
\u5b8b(s\u00f2ng) \u9f4a(q\u00ed) \u7e7c(j\u00ec)\uff0c \u6881(li\u00e1ng) \u9673(ch\u00e9n) \u627f(ch\u00e9ng)\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u70ba(w\u00e9i) \u5357(n\u00e1n) \u671d(ch\u00e1o)\uff0c\u90fd(d\u016b) \u91d1(j\u012bn) \u9675(l\u00edng)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5317(b\u011bi) \u5143(yu\u00e1n) \u9b4f(w\u00e8i)\uff0c \u5206(f\u0113n) \u6771(d\u014dng) \u897f(x\u012b)\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5b87(y\u01d4) \u6587(w\u00e9n) \u5468(zh\u014du)\uff0c\u8207(y\u01d4) \u9ad8(g\u0101o) \u9f4a(q\u00ed)\u3002<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fa \u00e2m<\/i><\/p>\n
\u5b8b\uff08\u3119\u3128\u3125\uff3c\uff09 \u9f4a\uff08\u3111\u3127\uff0f\uff09 \u7e7c\uff08\u3110\u3127\uff3c\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6881\uff08\u310c\u3127\u3124\uff0f\uff09 \u9673\uff08\u3114\u3123\uff0f\uff09 \u627f\uff08\u3114\u3125\uff0f\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u70ba\uff08\u3128\u311f\uff0f\uff09 \u5357\uff08\u310b\u3122\uff0f\uff09 \u671d\uff08\u3114\u3120\uff0f\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u90fd\uff08\u3109\u3128\uff09 \u91d1\uff08\u3110\u3127\u3123\uff09 \u9675\uff08\u310c\u3127\u3125\uff0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5317\uff08\u3105\u311f\u02c7\uff09 \u5143\uff08\u3129\u3122\uff0f\uff09 \u9b4f\uff08\u3128\u311f\uff3c\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5206\uff08\u3108\u3123\uff09 \u6771\uff08\u3109\u3128\u3125\uff09 \u897f\uff08\u3112\u3127\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5b87\uff08\u3129\u02c7\uff09 \u6587\uff08\u3128\u3123\uff0f\uff09 \u5468\uff08\u3113\u3121\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u8207\uff08\u3129\u02c7\uff09 \u9ad8\uff08\u310d\u3120\uff09 \u9f4a\uff08\u3111\u3127\uff0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u00c2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t<\/i><\/p>\n
T\u1ed1ng T\u1ec1 k\u1ebf, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea7n th\u1eeba,<\/p>\n
Vi Nam Tri\u1ec1u, \u0110\u00f4 Kim L\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
B\u1eafc Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y, Ph\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y,<\/p>\n
V\u0169 V\u0103n Chu, D\u1eef Cao T\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch<\/i><\/p>\n
T\u1ed1ng T\u1ec1 k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea7n k\u1ebf th\u1eeba,<\/p>\n
L\u00e0m th\u00e0nh Nam Tri\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f4 Kim L\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y, chia ra \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y,<\/p>\n
T\u00e2y V\u0169 V\u0103n Chu, v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Cao T\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/i><\/p>\n
(1) T\u1ed1ng (\u5b8b): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. V\u1ecb vua khai qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 L\u01b0u D\u1ee5 (T\u1ed1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf), ti\u1ec3u t\u1ef1 K\u00fd N\u00f4, l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Nguy\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0u Giao, em trai c\u1ee7a H\u00e1n Cao T\u1ed5 L\u01b0u Bang. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban t\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ed1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c vua T\u1ea5n Cung \u0110\u1ebf nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Nam tri\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c L\u01b0u T\u1ed1ng (kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Tri\u1ec7u T\u1ed1ng, tri\u1ec1u T\u1ed1ng sau n\u00e0y). C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 479, T\u1ed1ng Thu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ebf L\u01b0u Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb Ti\u00eau \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh b\u1ee9c \u00e9p, \u0111em \u0111\u1ebf v\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ti\u00eau \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh, T\u1ed1ng Nam tri\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb T\u1ec1 Nam tri\u1ec1u thay th\u1ebf. L\u01b0u T\u1ed1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 59 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
(2) T\u1ec1 (\u9f4a): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. Ti\u00eau \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp l\u00e0m ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 T\u1ec1, t\u1ee9c T\u1ec1 Cao \u0110\u1ebf, T\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 24 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
(3) k\u1ebf (\u7e7c): k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n
(4) L\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u6881): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00f4n H\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u T\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 s\u1eed Ti\u00eau Di\u1ec5n kh\u1edfi binh di\u1ec7t T\u1ec1, Ti\u00eau Di\u1ec5n l\u00ean ng\u00f4i l\u00e0m L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf. Sau b\u1edfi v\u00ec H\u1ea7u C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi binh th\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1t H\u1ea7u C\u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Ti\u00ean c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i, L\u01b0\u01a1ng vong, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 56 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
(5) Tr\u1ea7n (\u9673): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Ti\u00ean l\u00e0 vua khai qu\u1ed1c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec H\u1ea7u C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n n\u1eefa t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi h\u1eadu ch\u1ee7 (Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00fac B\u1ea3o, con Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Ti\u00ean), th\u00ec b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 33 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
(6) th\u1eeba (\u627f): k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n
(7) Nam Tri\u1ec1u (\u5357\u671d): g\u1ed3m 4 tri\u1ec1u T\u1ed1ng, T\u1ec1, L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
(8) \u0111\u00f4 (\u90fd): \u0111\u1eb7t kinh \u0111\u00f4.<\/p>\n
(9) Kim L\u0103ng (\u91d1\u9675): \u0111\u1ecba danh, nay l\u00e0 Nam Kinh.<\/p>\n
(10) B\u1eafc (\u5317): b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn khi T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf di\u1ec7t B\u1eafc Chu, tr\u1ea3i qua B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ee5y, T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y, B\u1eafc T\u1ec1, B\u1eafc Chu, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cB\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u\u201d.<\/p>\n
(11) Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y (\u5143\u9b4f): t\u1ee9c B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1eadu Ng\u1ee5y, Th\u00e1c B\u1ea1t Ng\u1ee5y, Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y. Th\u00e1c B\u1ea1t Khu\u00ea l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf khai qu\u1ed1c B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ea1o V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec Ng\u1ee5y Hi\u1ebfu V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed5i sang h\u1ecd Nguy\u00ean, cho n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y.<\/p>\n
(12) Ph\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y (\u5206\u6771\u897f): Ng\u1ee5y chia l\u00e0m \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ee5y c\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y. V\u1ec1 sau, th\u1ef1c quy\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y do \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Cao Hoan c\u00f9ng V\u0169 V\u0103n Th\u00e1i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef. C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 534, B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y Hi\u1ebfu V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n t\u1edbi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd V\u0169 V\u0103n Th\u00e1i. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai, V\u0169 V\u0103n Th\u00e1i gi\u1ebft Hi\u1ebfu V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf, l\u1eadp V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf l\u00ean ng\u00f4i; Cao Hoan l\u1eadp Ng\u1ee5y Hi\u1ebfu T\u0129nh \u0110\u1ebf, d\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p Th\u00e0nh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y chia ra th\u00e0nh hai tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y, \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p Th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ee5y.<\/p>\n
(13) V\u0169 V\u0103n Chu (\u5b87\u6587\u5468): l\u00e0 B\u1eafc Chu c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb V\u0169 V\u0103n Gi\u00e1c so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp B\u1eafc Chu. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng th\u1ea5t l\u00e0 V\u0169 V\u0103n, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u0169 V\u0103n Chu. Sau n\u00e0y th\u00ec tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 25 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
(14) Cao T\u1ec1 (\u9ad8\u9f4a): l\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f4ng Ngu\u1ef5 b\u1ecb V\u0103n Tuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ebf Cao D\u01b0\u01a1ng thay th\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp ra T\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c. S\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u1ec1. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ho\u00e0ng th\u1ea5t h\u1ecd Cao, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cao T\u1ec1. Sau b\u1ecb B\u1eafc Chu ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 28 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/p>\n
Sau khi tri\u1ec1u T\u1ea5n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. Trong \u0111\u00f3 Nam tri\u1ec1u g\u1ed3m 4 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i T\u1ed1ng, T\u1ec1, L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u1ea7n. B\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u1eadp kinh \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Kim L\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Hi\u1ebfu V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf, Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y ph\u00e2n ra th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4ng Ngu\u1ef5 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, V\u0169 V\u0103n Gi\u00e1c so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i T\u00e2y Ng\u1ee5y, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp B\u1eafc Chu, Cao D\u01b0\u01a1ng so\u00e1n ng\u00f4i \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ee5y, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp B\u1eafc T\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/b><\/p>\n
L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e1n b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u T\u1ea5n, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u T\u1ea5n, ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 420 L\u01b0u D\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp T\u1ed1ng Nam tri\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 589 tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y di\u1ec7t tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n, Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c (th\u1eddi 5 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c H\u1ed3 l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n Trung Hoa, bao g\u1ed3m 16 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 304 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 439), ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 tri\u1ec1u T\u00f9y k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec 2 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c Nam B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp nhau th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb n\u0103m 220 cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u Tam Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 360 n\u0103m. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, th\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 400 n\u0103m, c\u00f9ng ngang b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 n\u0103m v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n chia r\u1ebd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 chia r\u1ebd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i n\u00e0y mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu Trung Nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u, Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft d\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n\u00a0M\u00e3 Ti\u1ec1n Kh\u00f3a<\/i>, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng vong c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ee5c H\u00e1n m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i theo s\u1ef1 an b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean \u00fd. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 qua c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, cho n\u00ean t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tam Qu\u1ed1c di\u1ec5n l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u201cNgh\u0129a\u201d. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 phong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 chi\u00eau hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3i s\u0129 c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u B\u1ecb v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nho gia. Sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gia.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 Chu, c\u0169ng tr\u1ea3i qua h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a B\u00e1ch Gia Ch\u01b0 T\u1eed l\u1ea5y Nho gia v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gia l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, x\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Nho gia l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ea1o gia t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00fac \u1ea9n l\u00fac hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tu h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng Thi\u00ean \u00fd tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi v\u1eady khi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i chia r\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 400 n\u0103m, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef \u201cNgh\u0129a\u201d, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nho gia, l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a. Song m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1eadt gia, s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh tam gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ed3n vinh, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao.<\/p>\n
Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec1u T\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 quan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, th\u01a1 ca, th\u01b0 h\u1ecda, l\u00e2m vi\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng dung h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng H\u00e1n t\u1ed9c Trung Nguy\u00ean, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i dung h\u00f2a v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Trung Nguy\u00ean, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a tu luy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u1edf Trung Nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean nh\u00ecn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00edn ph\u1ee5ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi Nam Tri\u1ec1u gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng ni c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p, nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 1913 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, 36000 t\u0103ng ni; nh\u00e0 T\u1ec1 c\u00f3 2015 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, 32500 t\u0103ng ni; nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 2846 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, 82700 t\u0103ng ni; nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n c\u00f3 1232 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, 32000 t\u0103ng ni. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea7n, quan l\u1edbn c\u00f9ng v\u0103n nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc s\u0129, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u00e2n gian c\u0169ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tin theo Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, cho n\u00ean ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 Giang \u0110\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 th\u1eddi L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng xa hoa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Sau \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Trung Nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho s\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 an b\u00e0i m\u1ed9t v\u1edf k\u1ecbch l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 c\u0169, \u2018nh\u00e2n qu\u00e2n h\u01b0ng qu\u1ed1c, h\u00f4n qu\u00e2n vong qu\u1ed1c\u2019 (vua nh\u00e2n \u00e1i th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh, vua ngu t\u1ed1i th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec7t vong). Do \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u00e2y. Song n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf<\/b><\/p>\n
L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf khai qu\u1ed1c nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam Tri\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o r\u1ea5t s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o. Trong ba b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u1ecb v\u00ec, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia ca t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi th\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Ng\u1ee5y T\u1ea5n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam tri\u1ec1u, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u r\u1ea5t huy ho\u00e0ng. S\u00e1ch s\u1eed n\u00f3i \u00f4ng: \u201cL\u1ee5c ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u01a1i c\u1edd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, l\u1ecbch s\u1ed1 \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00f3i to\u00e1n b\u1ed1c qu\u1ebb, c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi… Th\u01b0 t\u1eeb th\u1ea3o l\u1ec7, c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a b\u1eafn cung, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hay\u201d (Th\u01b0 t\u1eeb th\u1ea3o l\u1ec7: l\u00e0 th\u01b0 t\u1eeb theo l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft th\u1ea3o, L\u1ec7 th\u01b0). Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ea7u S\u01b0, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y tu thi\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t tinh t\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, cho n\u00ean t\u00e2m sinh \u00fd k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u00f4ng, li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i t\u00ecm. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf \u0111ang c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ng\u1ed3i ch\u01a1i c\u1edd. B\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea9m b\u00e1o: \u201cV\u1ecb ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 m\u00e0 b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm, \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea1!\u201d L\u00fac \u1ea5y L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf \u0111ang chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1edd, mu\u1ed1n di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n c\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ra: \u201cGi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft!\u201d S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 li\u1ec1n mau ra ngo\u00e0i, \u0111em v\u1ecb ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 n\u00e0y ch\u00e9m ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1edd v\u00e1n c\u1edd n\u00e0y ch\u01a1i xong, L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf m\u1edbi nh\u1edb t\u1edbi, n\u00f3i: \u201cM\u1eddi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 v\u00e0o!\u201d S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cV\u1eeba r\u1ed3i b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 ra l\u1ec7nh gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft, th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ec7nh gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ta r\u1ed3i \u1ea1!\u201d L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf r\u1ea5t \u0111au bu\u1ed3n, li\u1ec1n h\u1ecfi: \u201cPh\u00e1p s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng?\u201d S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 n\u00f3i: \u201cPh\u00e1p s\u01b0 n\u00f3i: B\u1ea7n t\u0103ng v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i! Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, l\u00fac d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed5ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1ebft l\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t con giun. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con giun \u1ea5y. Cho n\u00ean b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ta b\u1ecb c\u00e1i b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y\u201d. L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf nghe xong, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng, h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i sinh m\u1ec7nh, thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c h\u1eefu b\u00e1o l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean l\u00fd, v\u00f4 lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u2018Thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o, \u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u00e1c b\u00e1o\u2019 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng khuy\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
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