[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng quan khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 quy n\u1ea1p theo ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d, \u201cThu\u1eadt\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00ed\u201d, t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTam b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh, v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00f4 th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
\u201cThu\u1eadt\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng v\u00f4 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
\u201cKh\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u1ed1c gia, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d, n\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t; nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 L\u1ec5, Nh\u1ea1c, H\u00ecnh, Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a Thu\u1eadt, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 quy ph\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc th\u00fac l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Kh\u00ed, n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d l\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng th\u1ee9 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y; \u201cThu\u1eadt\u201d thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 trung t\u1ea7ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn tr\u00ean c\u00e1i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00ed\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh; \u201cKh\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNh\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1o vi Thu\u1eadt, d\u0129 Thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp Kh\u00ed\u201d (T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Thu\u1eadt, l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u1eadp n\u00ean Kh\u00ed).<\/p>\n
Ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau, gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: \u201cTh\u1eed ti\u00eau b\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d (khi m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y b\u1ecb ti\u00eau m\u1ea5t th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n).<\/p>\n
\u201cHo\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d d\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c thi v\u00f4 vi m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh hay ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o, v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ea1o gia ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ebfn Thu\u1eadt, Kh\u00ed, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d (\u0110\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng) l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ee9c, l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh, khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 h\u1ed3i quy v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 vi m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb h\u1eadu thi\u00ean. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ebf \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd nh\u1edd c\u1eady v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadt, m\u00e0 [t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y] c\u0169ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Do v\u1eady \u0110\u1ebf \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng, Thu\u1eadt, Kh\u00ed ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n
\u201cV\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1o\u201d l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u201cL\u1ec5 L\u1ea1c\u201d (L\u1ec5 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ec5 ti\u1ebft; L\u1ea1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 v\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a, t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1i \u00e1c, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9. Cho n\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1o, tr\u1ecdng \u1edf Thu\u1eadt, l\u1ea5y Kh\u00ed l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n
\u201cB\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d l\u00e0 chi\u00eau b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u0169 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i uy khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y Kh\u00ed l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Tam b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n
Quy lu\u1eadt \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Trong Tam b\u1ea3o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea1o, Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Kh\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat ra, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Quy lu\u1eadt v\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 thanh l\u1ecdc trong m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, \u201cv\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00f4 t\u00edch, nhu\u1eadn v\u1eadt v\u00f4 thanh\u201d (kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ebft t\u00edch, th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00e2m th\u1ea7m).<\/p>\n
Khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1eefa, th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd tr\u00e0n l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, g\u00e2y ra ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t, t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
L\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a theo quy lu\u1eadt tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m m\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch: kh\u01a1i th\u00f4ng s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0a d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n thanh l\u1ecdc, t\u01b0\u1edbi nhu\u1ea7n v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3 ao su\u1ed1i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i, g\u00e2y ra ng\u1eadp \u00fang tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
L\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1eadp ven s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 con \u0111\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng tr\u00e0n ra, khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu\u1eadn theo d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y, tr\u00e1nh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tai h\u1ecda l\u0169 l\u1ee5t. Khi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u00ea v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao h\u01a1n\u2026<\/p>\n
C\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, thu\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n thu\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m. Thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong \u0110\u1ea1o, h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n d\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea3y trong m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eadu thi\u00ean, t\u00e2m linh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh n\u1eefa, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ch\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m tham lam \u00edch k\u1ef7. Khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, v\u00ec v\u1eady x\u1ea3y ra \u201cs\u1ef1 v\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00e0n c\u1ea3 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eddi xa \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u00ec b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1ea1n cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 h\u00f2a \u00e1i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n
V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0110\u1ebf t\u1eeb tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 tham ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng theo \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i quy ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m trong thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ea3m ho\u00e1, \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 ly khai kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f2a \u00e1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i (\u0110\u1ea1o) c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00ec m\u1edf ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0n ra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111i l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1o, n\u00ean l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d, g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda thi\u00ean tai t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ebf n\u00ean \u201cV\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 vua (V\u01b0\u01a1ng) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec5 nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 quy ch\u00ednh l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ly khai kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u01a1i th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c con \u0111\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ecdc theo hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Khi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, c\u00e1c con \u0111\u00ea s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n
L\u00fac n\u00e0y, l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00ea, th\u1ebf n\u00ean \u201cB\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u2026<\/p>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ra c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, khi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u1edbp n\u00e0y, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e0n ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1y (t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t) th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e0n ra v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng (ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n) c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt v\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n cho c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t, gia c\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0: ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft; ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ea1i hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u201cd\u1ecbch\u201d [1], l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh tr\u1ee5 ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0169. V\u1eady th\u00ec nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c n\u00e0y? Vui l\u00f2ng xem ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/p>\n
Thu\u1eadn thi\u00ean t\u00e1 th\u1ebf (Thu\u1eadn theo thi\u00ean \u00fd, m\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u1ee9c)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea1i V\u0169 tr\u1ecb th\u1ee7y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u00d4ng thu\u1eadn theo ng\u0169 h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o d\u1eabn d\u1eaft kh\u01a1i th\u00f4ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn ra bi\u1ec3n, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Sau 13 n\u0103m, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c tr\u1ecb th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i V\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vua V\u0169 (C\u1ed5n) l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m ng\u0169 h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eadp l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u00ea \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1eadp. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n th\u00ec s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1 \u0111\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadp, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0169 l\u1ee5t tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. C\u1ed5n tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc 9 n\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n tai h\u1ecda cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1i kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o d\u1eabn d\u1eaft khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 quy v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o, gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb tai h\u1ecda; hai l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu h\u1ecda l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1o, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u1edf t\u1ea7ng ngo\u00e0i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1edf t\u1ea7ng trong, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1o, khi c\u00e0ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean trong, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1eadn theo Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1o th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn theo Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1o, n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u, n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn trong truy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Aesop \u0111\u00e3 minh h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y: M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m gi\u00f3 B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 xem ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u1edfi \u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u00f3 B\u1eafc d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, th\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn gi\u00f3 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i h\u00f2ng khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i bung \u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng qu\u1ea5n ch\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o h\u01a1n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i cho ng\u00e3 nh\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i bay.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ecfa h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n n\u00f3ng l\u00ean, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1eebng l\u1edbp qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf b\u1edbt ra.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho sinh m\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb trong ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u201cm\u01b0\u1ee3n d\u00f9ng\u201d n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u00e0n\u201d c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7t vong.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7ng di\u1ec7n s\u1edf t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1edf t\u1ea7ng ngo\u00e0i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean trong, m\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng b\u00ean trong th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi quan m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
[1] D\u1ecbch trong \u201ckinh d\u1ecbch\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb:\u00a0http:\/\/big5.zhengjian.org\/node\/242731<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[ChanhKien.org] Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng quan khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 quy n\u1ea1p theo ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d, \u201cThu\u1eadt\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00ed\u201d, t\u1ea1m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[305],"class_list":["post-28244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-van-hoa-than-truyen","tag-dai-dao-tri-quoc"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n