[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n<\/b><\/p>\n
\u51e1\uff081\uff09\u8a13\uff082\uff09\u8499\uff083\uff09 \u9808\uff084\uff09\u8b1b\u7a76\uff085\uff09<\/p>\n
\u8a73\uff086\uff09\u8a13\u8a41\uff087\uff09 \u660e\u53e5\u8b80\uff088\uff09<\/p>\n
\u70ba\u5b78\uff089\uff09\u8005\uff0810\uff09 \u5fc5\u6709\u521d\uff0811\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5c0f\u5b78\uff0812\uff09\u7d42\uff0813\uff09 \u81f3\u56db\u66f8\uff0814\uff09<\/p>\n
B\u00ednh \u00e2m<\/strong><\/p>\n \u51e1(f\u00e1n) \u8a13 (x\u00f9n) \u8499(m\u00e9ng)\uff0c \u9808(x\u016b) \u8b1b(ji\u01ceng) \u7a76 (ji\u016b)\uff0c<\/p>\n \u8a73(xi\u00e1ng) \u8a13(x\u00f9n) \u8a41(g\u01d4)\uff0c \u540d(m\u00edng) \u53e5(j\u00f9) \u8b80 d\u00f2u)\u3002<\/p>\n \u70ba,(w\u00e9i) \u5b78(xu\u00e9) \u8005(zh\u011b)\uff0c \u5fc5(b\u00ec) \u6709(y\u01d2u) \u521d(ch\u016b)\uff0c<\/p>\n \u5c0f(xi\u01ceo) \u5b78(xu\u00e9) \u7d42(zh\u014dng), \u81f3(zh\u00ec) \u56db(s\u00ec) \u66f8 (sh\u016b)\u3002<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa \u00e2m<\/strong><\/p>\n \u51e1\uff08\u3108\u3122\u02ca\uff09 \u8a13\uff08\u3112\u3129\u3123\u02cb\uff09 \u8499\uff08\u3107\u3125\u02ca\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n \u9808\uff08\u3112\u3129\uff09 \u8b1b\uff08\u3110\u4e00\u3124\u02c7\uff09 \u7a76\uff08\u3110\u4e00\u3121\u02cb\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n \u8a73\uff08\u3112\u4e00\u3124\u02ca\uff09 \u8a13\uff08\u3112\u3129\u3123\u02cb\uff09 \u8a41\uff08\u310d\u3128\u02c7\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n \u660e\uff08\u3107\u4e00\u3125\u02ca\uff09 \u53e5\uff08\u3110\u3129\u02cb\uff09 \u8b80\uff08\u3109\u3121\u02cb\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u70ba\uff08\u3128\u311f\u02ca\uff09 \u5b78\uff08\u3112\u3129\u311d\u02ca\uff09 \u8005\uff08\u3113\u311c\u02c7\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n \u5fc5\uff08\u3105\u4e00\u02cb\uff09 \u6709\uff08\u4e00\u3121\u02c7\uff09 \u521d\uff08\u3114\u3128\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n \u5c0f\uff08\u3112\u4e00\u3120\u02c7\uff09 \u5b78\uff08\u3112\u3129\u311d\u02ca\uff09 \u7d42\uff08\u3113\u3128\u3125\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n \u81f3\uff08\u3113\u02cb\uff09 \u56db\uff08\u3119\u02cb\uff09 \u66f8\uff08\u3115\u3128\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u00c2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n Ph\u00e0m hu\u1ea5n m\u00f4ng, Tu gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee9u,<\/p>\n T\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n c\u1ed5, Minh c\u00fa \u0111\u1eadu.<\/p>\n Vi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, T\u1ea5t h\u1eefu s\u01a1,<\/p>\n Ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc chung, Ch\u00ed t\u1ee9 th\u01b0.<\/p>\n T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1eddng khi d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng x\u00e9t k\u1ef9,<\/p>\n T\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn ngh\u0129a x\u01b0a, ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n B\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ch\u1ed7 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u,<\/p>\n H\u1ecdc h\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ee9 th\u01b0.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n (1) \u51e1 (ph\u00e0m): th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e0m l\u00e0, n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i, h\u1ec5.<\/p>\n (2) \u8a13 (hu\u1ea5n): gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n (3) \u8499 (m\u00f4ng): \u00fd l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3i m\u00f4ng (\u542f\u8499), l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n, v\u1ee1 l\u00f2ng, khai s\u00e1ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp thu ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n (4) \u9808 (tu): c\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea3i, n\u00ean.<\/p>\n (5) \u8b1b\u7a76 (gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee9u): gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd trong \u0111\u00f3. Trong b\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n (6) \u8a73 (t\u01b0\u1eddng): k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn.<\/p>\n (7) \u8a13 \u8a41 (hu\u1ea5n c\u1ed5): gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1o (d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn) \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ch\u1eef trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eef c\u1ed5 \u8a41, g\u1ed3m ch\u1eef ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef c\u1ed5 \u53e4(c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i) gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i ra \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ch\u1eef th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n (8) \u53e5\u8b80 (c\u00fa \u0111\u1eadu): ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u. Trong s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m c\u00e2u, cho n\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 d\u1eebng c\u00e2u v\u0103n, \u00fd c\u00e2u ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00fa\u201d; kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 d\u1eebng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eadu\u201d.<\/p>\n (9) \u70ba\u5b78 (vi h\u1ecdc): nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n (10) \u8005 (gi\u1ea3): ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n (11) \u521d (s\u01a1): m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u; m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n (12) \u5c0f\u5b78(ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc): h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n; \u00fd trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u1eef, \u00e2m \u0111\u1ecdc, ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a.<\/p>\n (13) \u7d42 (chung): h\u1ebft, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n (14) \u56db\u66f8 (T\u1ee9 th\u01b0): ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 Lu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef, M\u1ea1nh T\u1eed, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc, Trung Dung. Th\u1eddi Nam T\u1ed1ng, Chu Hy l\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc, Trung Dung trong L\u1ec5 K\u00fd ra l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Lu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef, M\u1ea1nh T\u1eed th\u00e0nh T\u1ee9 th\u01b0.<\/p>\n D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/p>\n Ph\u00e0m l\u00e0 khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1eef cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ngo\u00e0i ra khi d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e1ch th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho m\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n c\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh (h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef), t\u1ef1 \u00e2m (\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef), t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129a (\u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef) cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u T\u1ee9 Th\u01b0.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn b\u00fat<\/b><\/p>\n M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, Tam T\u1ef1 Kinh m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i qua m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y? B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 duy h\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che l\u1ea5p m\u1ea5t. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u00ec sao m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh h\u1eadu thi\u00ean che \u0111\u1eady, gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00e3i m\u00e3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00fd (l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i. Cho n\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ecba ng\u0169 h\u00e0nh, hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec5 (\u5b5d\u608c) trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t Ng\u0169 th\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u00e2n Ngh\u0129a L\u1ec5 Tr\u00ed T\u00edn. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc bao nhi\u00eau cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00fd tr\u00ed thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an thu\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c lo t\u1ed1t cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n (hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p).<\/p>\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y, m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n li\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o, qu\u00ean \u0111i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, qu\u00ean chi\u1ec3u theo \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eady n\u00ean, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng kim b\u00e1c c\u1ed5, l\u1ea5y tinh hoa x\u01b0a \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ng\u00e0y nay. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n c\u01a1 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111i h\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd x\u1eed th\u1ebf trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ngay \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 t\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tri\u1ec7u Ph\u1ed5 th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ebbn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n Lu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quan vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1ecbch xem th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb l\u00fd thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, hay Matsushita Konosuke, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh \u201c\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n kinh doanh\u201d c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi am hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 b\u1eadc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng cho ch\u00fang ta suy ng\u1eabm. Tam T\u1ef1 Kinh tr\u00ean h\u1ebft ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 r\u0103n d\u1ea1y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, cu\u1ed1n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n n\u00e0y m\u1edbi x\u1ee9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh th\u01b0.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u201cGiai tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n Ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m ti\u1ebft, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh, \u00e2m, ngh\u0129a. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t b\u00fat, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea9n s\u00e2u b\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef thu\u1edf ban s\u01a1, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, th\u00ec d\u00f9 ch\u1eef c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn qua l\u00e0 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u00fd ngh\u0129a ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea3n ngh\u0129a\u201d (ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c) c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 suy ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cd\u1eabn th\u00e2n ngh\u0129a\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hay ngh\u0129a b\u00f3ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 thi\u00ean b\u00e0ng, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u00e2m \u0111\u1ecdc; ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef thi\u00ean b\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, do h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e2u trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 \u201cnh\u1eadt (\u65e5)\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 thuy\u1ebft minh.<\/b><\/p>\n Ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1eadt (\u65e5)\u201d trong ch\u1eef Gi\u00e1p c\u1ed1t gi\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi). Ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u592a\u9633)\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 \u201cnh\u1eadt (\u65e5)\u201d, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u00e1n (\u65e6) – s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm\u201d, ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1ea5t (\u4e00)\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1eeba nh\u00fa l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e1n (\u65e6)\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ecb (\u662f)\u201d; c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u201cch\u00ednh (\u6b63)\u201d \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eang kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. Trong suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1eadt (\u65e5)\u201d \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u201cch\u00ednh (\u6b63)\u201d, do \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ecb (\u662f)\u201d l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh (\u6b63)\u201d, \u201ctr\u1ef1c (\u76f4)\u201d; n\u1ebfu m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef th\u1ecb (\u662f) l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (\u6b63\u786e)\u201d. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ecb (\u662f)\u201d trong \u201cth\u1ecb phi \u662f\u975e \u0111\u00fang sai\u201d, \u201cnh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 th\u1ecb x\u1ee9\u201d (\u4e00\u65e0\u662f\u5904 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang), \u201cth\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb\u201d (\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f \u0111\u00fang theo th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 ra, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u c\u00e2u, cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00ean l\u1edbp l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00e1ch ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u00fang, \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ch\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec ng\u1eebng ng\u1eaft. L\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 d\u1eebng ng\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u trong m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n D\u1ea5u c\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u0103n \u00fd. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ea5u c\u00e2u th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ebd sai kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xa, v\u00ec tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a n\u00ean anh \u0111\u00e0nh \u1edf nh\u1edd nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n. Anh \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 keo ki\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ng\u1ea1i n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 anh ta b\u00e8n l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft\u00a0: \u201cH\u1ea1 v\u0169 thi\u00ean l\u01b0u kh\u00e1ch thi\u00ean thi\u00ean l\u01b0u ng\u00e3 b\u1ea5t l\u01b0u\u201d \u4e0b\u96e8\u5929\u7559\u5ba2\u5929\u5929\u7559\u6211\u4e0d\u7559 (Tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a Tr\u1eddi gi\u1eef kh\u00e1ch, Tr\u1eddi \u01a1i Tr\u1eddi gi\u1eef kh\u00e1ch, ch\u1ee9 ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef) v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 mau ch\u00f3ng r\u1eddi \u0111i. V\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec1n hi\u1ec3u ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng anh l\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00eau b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t phen. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 anh b\u00e8n l\u1ea5y b\u00fat vi\u1ebft th\u00eam d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y sau ch\u1eef \u201cl\u01b0u kh\u00e1ch thi\u00ean\u201d \u7559\u5ba2\u5929, th\u00eam d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi (?) sau ch\u1eef \u201cb\u1ea5t\u201d \u4e0d, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u1eeda th\u00e0nh \u201cH\u1ea1 v\u0169 thi\u00ean, l\u01b0u kh\u00e1ch thi\u00ean, thi\u00ean l\u01b0u ng\u00e3 b\u1ea5t? L\u01b0u!\u201d \u4e0b\u96e8\u5929, \u7559\u5ba2\u5929, \u5929\u7559\u6211\u4e0d? \u7559! (Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eef kh\u00e1ch, Tr\u1eddi l\u01b0u ta kh\u00f4ng? L\u01b0u!\u201d). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi x\u01b0a ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1eadn m\u1eb7t ch\u1eef, ng\u1eaft d\u1ea5u c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed5 t\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n B\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Trung MP3:<\/p>\n