[ChanhKien.org]<\/b><\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee1ng T\u1ea5n Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e2n tranh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c T\u01b0 M\u00e3 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng do t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t phong h\u1ea7u n\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1n B\u00e1t V\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 lo\u1ea1n Hoa [1]. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i bang ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, cu\u1ed9c “Y Quan Nam \u0110\u1ed9\u201d [2] c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
K\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u1ecb [3].<\/p>\n
“Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 lo\u1ea1n Hoa” \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda to l\u1edbn cho b\u00e1ch t\u00ednh Trung Nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u sau khi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u00f9y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 tr\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea h\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u sau:<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e2n phong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n, H\u00e1n Hu\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i, khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ho\u00e0ng Cung \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f3t \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00e0 v\u00e0o b\u00e1t g\u1ed1m d\u00e2ng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y tr\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y. (V\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u00e0o Ng\u1ee5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0ng gia u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean).<\/p>\n
Khi T\u01b0 M\u00e3 Du\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n, T\u1ea1 An \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i kh\u00e1ch; Hu\u00e2n V\u0103n c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i kh\u00e1ch trong c\u00e1c b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3i kh\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng tr\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nghi l\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi Nam tri\u1ec1u (xem \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1 2).<\/p>\n
1. Hai bi\u1ec7t danh c\u1ee7a tr\u00e0: ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hai t\u1eeb “th\u1ee7y \u00e1ch” v\u00e0 “l\u1ea1c n\u00f4”<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1 1: V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u00f4ng v\u00e0 “th\u1ee7y \u00e1ch”<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c quan T\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u1eedu, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “Th\u1ebf thuy\u1ebft t\u00e2n ng\u1eef” vi\u1ebft: \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch tr\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i m\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch u\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i phu kh\u00f4ng quen u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u00f4ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ch\u00fat e ng\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i, \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng \u201ch\u00f4m nay c\u00f3 th\u1ee7y \u00e1ch\u201d (\u00fd n\u00f3i s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p tai \u00e1ch v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc). (Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n: “V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u00f4ng th\u00edch u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c s\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i phu \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m lo l\u1eafng, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n \u0111i, t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u2018h\u00f4m nay c\u00f3 tai \u00e1ch v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc'”.)<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1 2: V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac v\u00e0 “l\u1ea1c n\u00f4”<\/b><\/p>\n Quy\u1ec3n 3 t\u1eadp truy\u1ec7n “L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng Gi\u00e0 Lam k\u00fd” c\u1ee7a D\u01b0\u01a1ng Huy\u1ec5n Chi th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cV\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac khi m\u1edbi nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu, s\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n canh c\u00e1 di\u1ebfc, u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0. C\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eed \u1edf kinh th\u00e0nh nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y T\u00fac u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n (\u00fd n\u00f3i b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ra), n\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u00ean l\u00e0 L\u1eadu, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i n\u0103m, khi T\u00fac di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn Cao T\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i \u0103n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu v\u00e0 s\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7c. Cao T\u1ed5 th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1 h\u1ecfi V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac: “Khanh th\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu so v\u1edbi canh c\u00e1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, tr\u00e0 so v\u1edbi s\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u201d T\u00fac \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cC\u1eebu l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, c\u00f2n c\u00e1 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y t\u1ed9c, v\u00ec kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f3n \u0103n ngon c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u00f3n \u0103n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft, c\u1eebu gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn T\u1ec1 L\u1ed7, c\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf Chu C\u1eed, c\u00f2n tr\u00e0 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa (l\u1ea1c n\u00f4)”.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd: T\u00fac, t\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Cung \u00dd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Lang T\u00e0 (nay l\u00e0 L\u00e2m Nghi, S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng), t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c quan ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong Nam tri\u1ec1u. V\u00ec cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Ho\u00e1n b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ec1 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng t\u1eeb Ki\u1ebfn Khang (nay l\u00e0 Nam Kinh, Giang T\u00f4) \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ee5y (nay l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng, S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7). Ng\u1ee5y Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ebf l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c phong cho \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n\u201d, sau \u0111\u00f3 V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac gi\u00fap Ng\u1ee5y l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0 “Tr\u1ea5n Nam t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n”. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y Tuy\u00ean V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong h\u1ea7u \u1edf huy\u1ec7n X\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m Th\u1ee9 s\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n Khi V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac \u1edf Nam tri\u1ec1u, \u00f4ng th\u00edch u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0, sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, tuy kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1edf th\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0103n c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 th\u1ecbt c\u1eebu v\u00e0 s\u1eefa. Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi “U\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng u\u1ed1ng s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?”, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa, \u00fd l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tr\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m g\u00ec s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi tr\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ea1c n\u00f4\u201d (n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u00fd ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac: C\u1ea5p S\u1ef1 Trung [5] L\u01b0u C\u1ea3o th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 phong c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fac v\u00e0 hay b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3. V\u01b0\u01a1ng Hi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf B\u00e0nh Th\u00e0nh l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o L\u01b0u C\u1ea3o: \u201cKhanh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch B\u00e1t Tr\u00e2n [6] c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch \u201cth\u1ee7y \u00e1ch\u201d c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n\u201d. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u201cth\u1ee7y \u00e1ch\u201d.<\/p>\n II. Nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a tr\u00e0<\/b><\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e1p Dao u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 thay c\u01a1m<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n Trong \u201cTh\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1o Cai Thuy\u1ebft T\u1ee5c Danh T\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n\u201d vi\u1ebft: “Ph\u00e1p Dao, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 th\u1eddi Nam T\u1ed1ng, v\u1ed1n h\u1ecd D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi V\u0129nh Gia, khi qu\u00e1 giang t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a V\u0169 Khang Ti\u1ec3u S\u01a1n t\u1ef1 th\u00ec g\u1eb7p Th\u1ea9m \u0110\u00e0i Ch\u00e2n Thanh Ch\u00e2n Qu\u00e2n, tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t cao, u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 thay c\u01a1m. V\u00e0o n\u0103m V\u0129nh Minh, Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra l\u1ec7nh cho quan s\u1eed Ng\u00f4 H\u01b0ng long tr\u1ecdng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng v\u00e0o kinh th\u00e0nh, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng 79 tu\u1ed5i”.<\/p>\n 2. Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ea1o u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 t\u00f4<\/b><\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1n “Tr\u00e0 Kinh Th\u1ea5t Chi S\u1ef1\u201d c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c V\u0169, ph\u1ea7n “Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n” vi\u1ebft: “Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ea1o Khai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4n Ho\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 l\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 n\u00f3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf, thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng, qu\u1ebf, m\u1eadt ong, th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 tr\u00e0”.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh: Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ea1o Khai, h\u1ecd M\u1ea1nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n d\u1eadt, tu h\u00e0nh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbch c\u1ed1c, sau b\u1ea3y n\u0103m, \u00f4ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh \u1ea5m v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i h\u01a1n 700 d\u1eb7m m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a Chi\u00eau \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf huy\u1ec7n L\u00e2m Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Nam, l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u00fai La Ph\u00f9 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi khi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n C\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u00e0 t\u00f4\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1eeb tr\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u00e1 t\u00eda t\u00f4.<\/p>\n III. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e0:<\/b><\/p>\n 1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng l\u00f4ng l\u00e1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n \u201cT\u1ee5c S\u01b0u Th\u1ea7n K\u00fd\u201d vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u1ea5n V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf, T\u1ea7n Tinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tuy\u00ean Th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean n\u00fai V\u0169 X\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e1i tr\u00e0. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng l\u00f4ng l\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng, anh ta d\u1eabn T\u1ea7n Tinh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n n\u00fai, ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m c\u00e2y tr\u00e0 r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi r\u1eddi \u0111i, m\u1ed9t l\u00fac sau, anh ta quay l\u1ea1i, l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb trong ng\u1ef1c ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 cam \u0111\u01b0a cho T\u1ea7n Tinh. T\u1ea7n Tinh ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3, v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng mang l\u00e1 tr\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0”.<\/p>\n 2. B\u00e0 l\u00e3o b\u00e1n tr\u00e0 c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf<\/b><\/p>\n \u201cQu\u1ea3ng L\u0103ng K\u1ef3 L\u00e3o Truy\u1ec7n\u201d k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u1ea5n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u1ebf, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u00e3o m\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh mang m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh tr\u00e0 ra ch\u1ee3 b\u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u1ee3 tranh nhau mua u\u1ed1ng. T\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i, n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0 trong b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u01a1i \u0111i. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho tr\u1ebb m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin b\u00ean v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi b\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u00e1c oai t\u00e1c qu\u00e1i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o quan ph\u1ee7 tr\u00f3i b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 giam v\u00e0o ng\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00eam khuya, b\u00e0 l\u00e3o tay \u00f4m b\u00ecnh b\u00e1n tr\u00e0 bay ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9”.<\/p>\n IV. Th\u01a1 tr\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n h\u00f3a cho r\u1eb1ng: tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u201ctr\u00e0\u201d, k\u00fd t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u201c\u837c\u201d, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ed3\u201d (\u837c) trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ed3\u201d (\u837c) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong t\u1eadp th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00ean l\u00e0 “Kinh Thi”, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m qua, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef \u201c\u837c\u201d trong \u201cKinh Thi\u201d c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 tr\u00e0 hay kh\u00f4ng, tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t, \u0111\u1ebfn nay m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0nh t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn. Sau \u201cKinh Thi\u201d, trong “Nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n ca” v\u00e0 “C\u1ed5 thi” \u0111\u1eddi H\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ed3\u201d (\u837c), hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e0, theo cu\u1ed1n “Tr\u00e0 Kinh” c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c V\u0169, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n b\u00e0i th\u01a1, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m sau th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n 1. B\u00e0i “\u0110\u0103ng Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4 L\u1ea7u Thi” c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea3i: \u201cT\u00e1 v\u1ea5n D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed x\u00e1, t\u01b0\u1edfng ki\u1ebfn Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Khanh l\u01b0. Tr\u00ecnh Tr\u00e1c l\u0169y thi\u00ean kim, ki\u00eau x\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 ng\u0169 h\u1ea7u. M\u00f4n h\u1eefu li\u00ean k\u1ef5 kh\u00e1ch, th\u00fay \u0111\u00e1i y\u00eau ng\u00f4 c\u00e2u. \u0110\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c thi t\u00f9y th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfu, b\u00e1ch h\u00f2a di\u1ec7u th\u1ea3 th\u00f9. Phi l\u00e2m th\u00e1i thu qu\u1ea5t, l\u00e2m giang c\u00e2u xu\u00e2n ng\u01b0. H\u1eafc t\u1eed qu\u00e1 long h\u1ea3i, qu\u1ea3 so\u1ea1n du gi\u1ea3i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3 quan l\u1ee5c thanh, d\u1eadt v\u1ecb b\u00e1 c\u1eedu \u00e2u. Nh\u00e2n sinh c\u1ea9u an l\u1ea1c, t\u01b0 th\u1ed5 li\u00eau kh\u1ea3 ngu.\u201d (\u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd: Xin h\u1ecfi D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f9ng [7] n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Nh\u00e0 c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 M\u00e3 T\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u01b0 ra sao? Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, hai gia \u0111\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd l\u00e0 Tr\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Tr\u00e1c V\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00f4n ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o xa hoa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ng\u1ef1a xe nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00e1ch kh\u1ee9a t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng xanh ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 tr\u00ean eo l\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng thanh b\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfm b\u00ean h\u00f4ng c\u00e1c ch\u00e0ng trai. Trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n s\u01a1n h\u00e0o h\u1ea3i v\u1ecb, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd, gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng! Nh\u00ecn ra ngo\u00e0i t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, n\u00fai s\u00f4ng tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa, m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng b\u00e1t ng\u00e1t. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o r\u1eebng h\u00e1i cam; V\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u00e2u c\u00e1 b\u00ean s\u00f4ng. Qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdng ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o, th\u1ecbt c\u00e1 m\u1ee1 m\u00e0ng. Tr\u00e0 th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u1eafp thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. N\u1ebfu cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean an l\u1ea1c, th\u00ec Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng.)<\/p>\n 2. B\u00e0i “Xu\u1ea5t ca” c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u1edf: \u201cTh\u00f9 du xu\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u00ean, L\u00fd ng\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t L\u1ea1c th\u1ee7y tuy\u1ec1n. B\u1ea1ch di\u00eam xu\u1ea5t H\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng, M\u1ef9 thi xu\u1ea5t L\u1ed7 uy\u00ean. Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00e0 suy\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t Ba Th\u1ee5c, Ti\u00eau qu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9c lan xu\u1ea5t cao s\u01a1n. Li\u1ec5u T\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2u c\u1eeb, Tinh b\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t trung \u0111i\u1ec1n\u201d (\u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd: Th\u00f9 du sinh ra tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y, c\u00e1 ch\u00e9p sinh ra \u1edf L\u1ea1c Th\u1ee7y. Mu\u1ed1i tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb L\u1ed7 Uy\u00ean. G\u1eebng, qu\u1ebf, tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Ba Th\u1ee5c, h\u1ea1t ti\u00eau, cam, m\u1ed9c lan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u00fai cao. C\u1ecf m\u1ecdc trong m\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00faa tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng.)<\/p>\n 3. B\u00e0i “Ki\u1ec1u n\u1eef thi” c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 T\u01b0 th\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n: \u201cNg\u00f4 gia h\u1eefu ki\u1ec1u n\u1eef, gi\u1ea3o gi\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3 b\u1ea1ch t\u00edch. Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ef1 vi ho\u00e0n t\u1ed1, kh\u1ea9u x\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 thanh l\u1ecbch. H\u1eefu th\u01b0 t\u1ef1 hu\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, mi m\u1ee5c x\u00e1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecda. Tr\u00ec v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u00ean l\u00e2m, qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1 giai sinh tr\u00edch. Tham hoa phong v\u0169 trung, th\u1ed1c h\u1ed1t s\u1ed1 b\u00e1ch th\u00edch. T\u00e2m vi tr\u00e0 suy\u1ec5n k\u1ecbch, xuy h\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec9nh.\u201d (\u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd: Nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec1u n\u1eef da tr\u1eafng n\u00f5n n\u00e0. Bi\u1ec7t danh l\u00e0 l\u1ee5a tr\u1eafng, \u0103n n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t. Ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, dung m\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 tranh. Ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea3y vui ch\u01a1i trong v\u01b0\u1eddn, h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 c\u00f2n \u01b0\u01a1ng. Y\u00eau hoa ch\u1eb3ng k\u1ec3 gi\u00f3 m\u01b0a, ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o ch\u1ea1y ra h\u01a1n tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n. R\u1ea5t vui th\u00edch khi pha tr\u00e0, n\u00ean gi\u00fap th\u1ed5i l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc pha tr\u00e0.)<\/p>\n 4. “T\u1ea1p thi” c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi c\u00f3 b\u00e0i “Th\u00e2u \u1ea9m kim t\u1ef1u gi\u1ea3” (\u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd l\u00e0: u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0)<\/p>\n 5. Ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0y, th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 tr\u00e0, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “Tr\u00e0 ph\u00fa” c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed7 D\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n “Tr\u00e0 ph\u00fa” vi\u1ebft: \u201cLinh s\u01a1n duy nh\u1ea1c, K\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n s\u1edf chung, quy\u1ebft sinh tr\u00e0 th\u1ea3o, Di c\u1ed1c b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eeba phong nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi t\u01b0 nhu\u1eadn, Th\u1ee5 cam l\u00e2m chi ti\u00eau gi\u00e1ng. Nguy\u1ec7t duy s\u01a1 thu, N\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng thi\u1ec3u h\u01b0u, K\u1ebft ng\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eef, Th\u1ecb th\u00e1i th\u1ecb c\u1ea7u. Th\u1ee7y t\u1eafc M\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi ch\u00fa, \u1ea4p b\u1ec9 thanh l\u01b0u; Kh\u00ed tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0o gi\u1ea3n, Xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng ngung; Ch\u01b0\u1edbc chi d\u0129 b\u00e0o, Th\u1ee7 th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng l\u01b0u. Duy t\u01b0 s\u01a1 th\u00e0nh, M\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh hoa ph\u00f9, ho\u00e1n nh\u01b0 t\u00edch tuy\u1ebft, di\u1ec7p nh\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u00e2n phu\u201d. (D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: Linh s\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u00fai cao, t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u00e0, kh\u1eafp thung l\u0169ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1n n\u00fai. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0a tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eabm. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u thu, vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i, c\u00f9ng nhau l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 h\u00e1i n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u00ecm. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00fai M\u00e2n S\u01a1n, m\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong xanh; ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh g\u1ed1m, l\u00e0m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng; r\u00f3t v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u n\u1eadm, h\u1ecdc phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng L\u01b0u. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh, m\u1ea1t tr\u00e0 ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng tinh hoa n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 n\u00e9t v\u1ebd m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n)<\/p>\n Qua nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 L\u01b0\u1ee1ng T\u1ea5n v\u00e0 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu coi tr\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh m\u1ec7nh th\u00ec tr\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thanh xu\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t sinh kh\u00ed b\u1eebng b\u1eebng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n minh 5000 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/p>\n [1] Ng\u0169 H\u1ed3 lo\u1ea1n Hoa: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n [2] Y Quan Nam \u0110\u1ed9: Cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung Nguy\u00ean th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n [3] \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u1ecb: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i an ninh v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00ean \u1ed5n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ed3n vinh.<\/p>\n [4] \u0110\u1ea9u: \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u1eddi c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n [5] C\u1ea5p S\u1ef1 Trung: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c quan th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho vua trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n [6] B\u00e1t Tr\u00e2n: l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m m\u00f3n \u0103n qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c cung \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc vua ch\u00faa tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n [7] D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f9ng: D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f9ng, t\u00ean t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 T\u1eed V\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4, Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1eadn, l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y H\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tam t\u1ef1 kinh x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m Ng\u0169 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n