{"id":2699,"date":"2009-09-05T18:19:23","date_gmt":"2009-09-05T18:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=2699"},"modified":"2012-05-31T08:31:29","modified_gmt":"2012-05-31T08:31:29","slug":"tac-pham-bo-ba-haywain-cua-hieronymus-bosch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2009\/09\/tac-pham-bo-ba-haywain-cua-hieronymus-bosch.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba \u201cHaywain” c\u1ee7a Hieronymus Bosch"},"content":{"rendered":"

[Chanhkien.org]<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Hieronymus Bosch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hieronymus Bosch (1450 \u2013 1516) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan theo phong c\u00e1ch \u201ch\u1eadu Gothic\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n B\u1eafc ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng. \u00d4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb v\u00e0 ma qu\u00e1i. Nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Carl Jung t\u1eebng g\u1ecdi Bosch l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1i.\u201d<\/p>\n

H\u1ecda s\u0129 ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t Bosch \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i phong c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Flemish th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc, \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ef1 do k\u00e8m theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 tin v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y nay. L\u00fac Bosch qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf coi l\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129 k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng linh \u1ea3nh trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t y\u00eau th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u2018\u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c\u2019 gh\u00ea s\u1ee3. Khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Bosch n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Lan, \u00c1o v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u0129 kh\u00e1c sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u2018h\u1ecda s\u0129 gi\u00e0\u2019 Pieter Bruegel.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ec1 Bosch, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch b\u00ed \u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Bosch d\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf Flemish thu\u1ed9c Hertogenbosch, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean. \u00d4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u2018si\u00eau ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u2019 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018H\u1ed9i huynh \u0111\u1ec7 th\u00e1nh Mary\u2019 (The Brotherhood of Mary). Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 v\u00e0i b\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Jesus. Bosch c\u0169ng v\u1ebd v\u00e0i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn th\u00e1nh John, Hertogenbosch, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng r\u1eddi xa nh\u00e0, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb vua Philip c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Castile \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cNg\u00e0y ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\u201d (Final Judgement).<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba Haywain (1485 \u2013 1490)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"HayWain\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c b\u00ean tr\u00e1i<\/strong><\/em>: V\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c trung t\u00e2m<\/strong><\/em>: Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u2013 C\u1ed7 xe ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tham lam \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt l\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/em>: \u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u2013 ma qu\u1ef7 \u0111ang k\u00e9o c\u1ed7 xe ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u2018t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba\u2019 (triptych) bao g\u1ed3m ba b\u1ee9c tranh, m\u1ed9t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m, l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, hai b\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf hai b\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m tranh th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng (altarpiece [1]).<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u2018t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t\u2019 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Bosch. Ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cKhu v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1c tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c\u201d (“The Garden of Earthly Delights\u201d), t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “The Haywain” (1485-90; Prado, Madrid) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh, t\u1eeb V\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e0ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. B\u1ee9c tranh trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng qua \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ed7 xe ng\u1ef1a l\u1edbn ch\u1edf c\u1ecf kh\u00f4, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tham lam \u0111ang gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt l\u1ea5y. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u1ea5y, ma qu\u1ef7 \u0111ang k\u00e9o c\u1ed7 xe sang b\u1ee9c tranh ph\u00eda b\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Bosch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh \u201cV\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea7u trong tay bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ba c\u1ea3nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u201cS\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra Eve,\u201d \u201c\u0102n tr\u00e1i c\u1ea5m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cAdam v\u00e0 Eve b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi V\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e0ng\u201d theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018\u0111\u1ecdc\u2019 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “Haywain” (\u2018Hay Wagon\u2019 \u2013 c\u1ed7 xe ch\u1edf c\u1ecf kh\u00f4) c\u1ee7a Bosch \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e2u ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef Flemish: \u201cTh\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf kh\u00f4, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.\u201d \u0110\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 danh, l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c \u2013 ch\u00fang th\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du, suy \u0111\u1ed3i v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. Ma qu\u1ef7 \u0111ang khai th\u00e1c s\u1ef1 truy c\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o h\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c tranh trung t\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u00fam quanh c\u1ed7 xe ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ecf kh\u00f4, tranh gi\u00e0nh nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd \u0111i xa t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u00fam c\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m th\u1ea7y tu v\u00e0 b\u00e0 x\u01a1 \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng g\u00f3c b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t bao c\u1ecf. V\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 t\u00edch tr\u1eef c\u1ecf, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c c\u1ecf. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 vua, gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c c\u0169ng \u0111ang lo l\u1eafng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed7 xe. Kh\u00f4ng ai nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ma qu\u1ef7 \u0111ang k\u00e9o c\u1ed7 xe xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c (sang b\u1ee9c tranh b\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i). Tranh c\u1ee7a Bosch \u0111\u00e3 minh h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u00e2u ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef Flemish.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u1ecf kh\u00f4? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i b\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ed7 xe d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con qu\u1ef7 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh \u0111ang ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc s\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t con qu\u1ef7 kh\u00e1c \u0111ang \u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc g\u1eady m\u00f3c d\u00e0i, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho s\u1ef1 d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd Bosch \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u201c\u1edf ngo\u00e0i d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng\u201d (\u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau hay \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi ma qu\u1ef7. D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 bi quan, b\u1ee9c tranh c\u0169ng v\u1eabn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh \u0111ang qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng khi nh\u00ecn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7u xin Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ee9c \u201cKhu v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1c tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c\u201d, b\u1ee9c tranh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a “Haywain” mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c m\u00e0 Bosch \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm mang theo b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. V\u00e0i k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u0111ang b\u1ecb ma qu\u1ef7 l\u00f9ng b\u1eaft v\u00e0 nhai ng\u1ea5u nghi\u1ebfn. V\u00e0i k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb l\u00f9a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00e1p cao ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 treo c\u1ed5 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p k\u00e8m theo thi th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb treo l\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Bosch thu\u1ed9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2018H\u1ed9i huynh \u0111\u1ec7 th\u00e1nh Mary\u2019, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u2018Ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\u2019, \u2018s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0y v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018s\u1ef1 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ma qu\u1ef7\u2019. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 Bosch kh\u00f4ng v\u1ebd ma qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ma qu\u1ef7. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Bosch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng \u2018thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu thi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o, \u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u00e1c b\u00e1o.\u2019 Qua \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] altarpiece: M\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc hay b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean b\u1ec7 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang theo \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda. Nh\u1eefng altapiece theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean b\u1ec7 th\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ec7 th\u1edd. Nh\u1eefng altapiece th\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa tr\u1eddi, th\u00e1nh Mary hay c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh, v\u1edbi hai b\u1ee9c \u1edf b\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n khung c\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018\u0111\u1ecdc\u2019 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.zhengjian.org\/zj\/articles\/2004\/6\/22\/27775.html<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.pureinsight.org\/node\/2384<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Chanhkien.org] V\u1ec1 Hieronymus Bosch Hieronymus Bosch (1450 \u2013 1516) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan theo phong c\u00e1ch \u201ch\u1eadu Gothic\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n B\u1eafc ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng. \u00d4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb v\u00e0 ma qu\u00e1i. Nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,551],"tags":[47],"class_list":["post-2699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bai-chon-loc","category-hoi-hoa","tag-hoi-hoa-phuong-tay"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba \u201cHaywain" c\u1ee7a Hieronymus Bosch - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2009\/09\/tac-pham-bo-ba-haywain-cua-hieronymus-bosch.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed9 ba \u201cHaywain" c\u1ee7a Hieronymus Bosch - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[Chanhkien.org] V\u1ec1 Hieronymus Bosch Hieronymus Bosch (1450 \u2013 1516) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan theo phong c\u00e1ch \u201ch\u1eadu Gothic\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n B\u1eafc ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng. \u00d4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb v\u00e0 ma qu\u00e1i. 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