{"id":23990,"date":"2015-03-19T04:55:57","date_gmt":"2015-03-19T04:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=23990"},"modified":"2025-05-12T10:22:34","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T03:22:34","slug":"su-trung-phat-cua-than-cai-chet-den-o-chau-au-thoi-trung-co","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2015\/03\/su-trung-phat-cua-than-cai-chet-den-o-chau-au-thoi-trung-co.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n: C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org]<\/b> T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 14 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tai h\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en. B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft cho kho\u1ea3ng 30 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u201ctr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u0103n b\u1ec7nh v\u00f4 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa hay gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n qua b\u1ecd ch\u00e9t tr\u00ean chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 lan th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en tr\u00ean da. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd l\u00ean c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t cao v\u00e0 m\u00ea s\u1ea3ng. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft trong \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa n\u00e0o. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft trong v\u00f2ng 48 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sau khi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1.<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u1edf Trung \u00c1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1339. V\u00ec chu\u1ed9t mang b\u1ecd ch\u00e9t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y len l\u1ecfi kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch l\u00e2y lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0, Armenia, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft. N\u0103m 1347, C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en lan t\u1edbi Constantinople v\u00e0 Alexandria. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u1edf hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y trong n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft\u00a0 \u1edf Alexandria.\u00a0 \u1ede Ai C\u1eadp v\u00e0 Cairo m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 7.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1347 khi m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng Sicily c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Crimean, mang theo chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 b\u1ecd ch\u00e9t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1348, C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en \u0111\u00e3 lan sang Venice v\u00e0 Genoa, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edbi to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 Florence \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, 55.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 95.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng mong r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ebf quan t\u1ecfa c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan t\u1edbi Marseilles v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o T\u00e2y Ban Nha. B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan ra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u0103m 1349, c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh v\u00e0 Ireland v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Th\u1ee5y \u0111i\u1ec3n. N\u0103m 1532, Nga c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi tai h\u1ecda n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c ch\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 n\u00fai tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1.<\/i><\/p>\n

Khi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u hay ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m sau. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, h\u1ecd t\u1eaft th\u1edf ngay s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ch\u1ebft nhanh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. X\u00e1c ch\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 n\u00fai tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. Tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u con thuy\u1ec1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thuy\u1ec1n ma. Khi b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch lan t\u1edbi Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng gia Anh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. H\u01a1n 10.000 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf hoang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh ni\u00eam phong c\u00f2n c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u00ec b\u1ecb che k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh. C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 50% \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0. X\u00e1c ch\u1ebft b\u1ecb qu\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c xe c\u00fat k\u00edt nh\u01b0 r\u00e1c. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ch\u1ebft v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u theo chu k\u1ef3 m\u1ed7i 10 n\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay con s\u1ed1 t\u1eed vong ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c do d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n s\u1ed1. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oslo \u1edf Na Uy \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong n\u0103m 1347 v\u00e0 30 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u00e1u n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong su\u1ed1t 300 n\u0103m sau, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 200 tri\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ed \u1ea9n sau n\u0103m 1670.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft do d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch n\u00ean r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4n l\u00e0ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf hoang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1ecb b\u1ecf ph\u00ed. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Theo s\u00e1t ngay sau d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1edbi nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0 n\u00fai.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u? T\u1ea1i sao Th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb: http:\/\/pureinsight.org\/node\/5132<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ChanhKien.org] T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 14 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tai h\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft \u0110en. 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