{"id":12272,"date":"2011-06-03T09:19:23","date_gmt":"2011-06-03T09:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/?p=12272"},"modified":"2012-05-25T05:23:27","modified_gmt":"2012-05-25T05:23:27","slug":"nhung-dau-chan-in-tren-hoa-thach-bo-ba-thuy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2011\/06\/nhung-dau-chan-in-tren-hoa-thach-bo-ba-thuy.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n in tr\u00ean h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecd ba th\u00f9y"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>[Chanhkien.org]<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&ldquo;<em>C&oacute; th&#7875; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&atilde; nghe n&oacute;i &#273;&#7871;n &ldquo;v&#259;n ho&aacute; ti&#7873;n s&#7917;&rdquo;, c&#361;ng g&#7885;i l&agrave; &ldquo;v&#259;n minh ti&#7873;n s&#7917;&rdquo;; ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; gi&#7843;ng v&#7873; v&#259;n minh ti&#7873;n s&#7917; &#273;&oacute;. [&hellip;] Tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; kh&#7843;o c&#7893; h&#7885;c &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t lo&agrave;i sinh v&#7853;t, mang t&ecirc;n &ldquo;b&#7885; ba thu&#7923;&rdquo;; n&oacute; l&agrave; sinh v&#7853;t c&oacute; t&#7915; s&aacute;u tr&#259;m tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7871;n hai tr&#259;m s&aacute;u m&#432;&#417;i tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&acirc;y; c&ograve;n t&#7915; hai tr&#259;m s&aacute;u m&#432;&#417;i tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c cho &#273;&#7871;n nay n&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; n&#7919;a. M&#7897;t khoa h&#7885;c gia c&#7911;a M&#7929; &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t kh&#7889;i ho&aacute; th&#7841;ch b&#7885; ba thu&#7923;; m&agrave; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i tr&ecirc;n m&#7863;t kh&#7889;i ho&aacute; th&#7841;ch c&ograve;n c&oacute; d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang &#273;i gi&agrave;y &#273;&#7841;p l&ecirc;n, in r&otilde; m&#7891;n m&#7897;t &#7903; m&#7863;t tr&ecirc;n. &#272;i&#7873;u &#7845;y ch&#7859;ng ph&#7843;i l&agrave; ch&#7871; nh&#7841;o nh&#7919;ng nh&agrave; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; h&#7885;c l&agrave; g&igrave;? C&#7913; chi&#7875;u theo thuy&#7871;t ti&#7871;n ho&aacute; c&#7911;a &#272;&aacute;c-uyn, v&agrave;o hai tr&#259;m s&aacute;u m&#432;&#417;i tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c l&#7869; n&agrave;o &#273;&atilde; c&oacute; con ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c?<\/em>&rdquo; (&laquo;<a href=\"http:\/\/phapluan.org\/book\/zfl_html\/index.html\">Chuy&#7875;n Ph&aacute;p Lu&acirc;n<\/a>&raquo;, S&#432; ph&#7909; L&yacute; H&#7891;ng Ch&iacute;)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>D&#7845;u ch&acirc;n h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch m&agrave; c&oacute; l&#7869; l&agrave; c&#7893; x&#432;a nh&#7845;t &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n v&agrave;o th&aacute;ng 6 n&#259;m 1968 b&#7903;i William J. Meister, m&#7897;t nh&agrave; s&#432;u t&#7853;p h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch nghi&#7879;p d&#432;. &#272;&acirc;y l&agrave; d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n m&agrave; c&oacute; v&#7867; nh&#432; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i gi&agrave;y &#273;&#7841;p l&ecirc;n m&#7897;t con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y&mdash;c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n t&#7915; 300-600 tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c, v&agrave; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; l&agrave;m &#273;&#7843;o l&#7897;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; quan ni&#7879;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n hi&#7879;n nay v&#7873; ti&#7871;n h&oacute;a &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t. N&#7871;u kh&ocirc;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta ch&#7881; c&oacute; th&#7875; l&yacute; gi&#7843;i r&#7857;ng &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t hai ch&acirc;n &#273;i gi&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n vi&#7871;ng th&#259;m Tr&aacute;i &#273;&#7845;t t&#7915; m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&aacute;c.<\/p>\n<p>Meister &#273;&atilde; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n kh&aacute;m ph&aacute; g&acirc;y ch&#7845;n &#273;&#7897;ng n&agrave;y trong m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c th&aacute;m hi&#7875;m t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch &#7903; Antelope Spring, c&aacute;ch Delta, Utah 43 d&#7863;m v&#7873; ph&iacute;a T&acirc;y. &Ocirc;ng &#273;i c&ugrave;ng v&#7907; v&agrave; hai con g&aacute;i, v&agrave; c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i hai v&#7907; ch&#7891;ng Francis Shape v&agrave; hai c&ocirc; con g&aacute;i h&#7885;. &#272;o&agrave;n th&aacute;m hi&#7875;m &#273;&atilde; t&igrave;m th&#7845;y m&#7897;t v&agrave;i h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y khi Meister t&aacute;ch m&#7903; m&#7897;t phi&#7871;n &#273;&aacute; d&agrave;y 2 inch b&#7857;ng b&uacute;a v&agrave; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n. T&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; &#273;&atilde; t&aacute;ch m&#7903; &lsquo;nh&#432; m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n s&aacute;ch&rsquo; v&agrave; ti&#7871;t l&#7897;:<\/p>\n<p>&#7902; m&#7897;t m&#7863;t l&agrave; d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y &#7903; ngay b&ecirc;n d&#432;&#7899;i. N&#7917;a kia c&#7911;a t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t khu&ocirc;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; ho&agrave;n h&#7843;o c&#7911;a d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n v&agrave; c&aacute;c h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch. Th&#7853;t &#273;&aacute;ng kinh ng&#7841;c, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&oacute; &#273;ang &#273;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c d&eacute;p!<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6024\" style=\"width: 349px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/04\/DauChanTienSu1.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6024\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6024\" title=\"DauChanTienSu1\" src=\"http:\/\/chanhkien.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/04\/DauChanTienSu1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"288\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6024\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">D&#7845;u ch&acirc;n ti&#7873;n s&#7917; tr&ecirc;n kh&#7889;i h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>B&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y l&agrave; &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t kh&ocirc;ng x&#432;&#417;ng s&#7889;ng c&#7905; nh&#7887; s&#7889;ng &#7903; &#273;&#7841;i d&#432;&#417;ng, c&oacute; h&#7885; h&agrave;ng v&#7899;i t&ocirc;m v&agrave; cua; ch&uacute;ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n m&#7841;nh kho&#7843;ng 320 tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&acirc;y tr&#432;&#7899;c khi tuy&#7879;t ch&#7911;ng v&agrave;o 280 tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c. Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta cho r&#7857;ng con ng&#432;&#7901;i tho&aacute;t thai t&#7915; 1-2 tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave; bi&#7871;t &#273;i v&#7853;t l&oacute;t ch&acirc;n t&#7915; kh&ocirc;ng qu&aacute; v&agrave;i ng&agrave;n n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c.<\/p>\n<p>Chi&#7871;c d&eacute;p d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7841;p l&ecirc;n con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y d&agrave;i 101\/4 inch v&agrave; r&#7897;ng 31\/2 inch; ph&#7847;n g&oacute;t h&#417;i l&otilde;m h&#417;n ph&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;, &#273;&uacute;ng nh&#432; d&#7845;u gi&agrave;y m&agrave; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i n&ecirc;n c&oacute;. Meister &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;a t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; t&#7899;i Melvin Cook, m&#7897;t gi&aacute;o s&#432; luy&#7879;n kim t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c Utah, ng&#432;&#7901;i khuy&ecirc;n &ocirc;ng tr&igrave;nh m&#7851;u v&#7853;t n&agrave;y cho c&aacute;c nh&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c. Khi Meister kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; t&igrave;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t nh&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t s&#7861;n s&agrave;ng ki&#7875;m tra d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n, &ocirc;ng &#273;&atilde; t&#7899;i m&#7897;t t&#7901; b&aacute;o &#273;&#7883;a ph&#432;&#417;ng, <em>The Deseret News<\/em>. Kh&ocirc;ng l&acirc;u sau, ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&ocirc;ng b&#7889; r&#7897;ng r&atilde;i tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n qu&#7889;c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p b&aacute;o sau &#273;&oacute;, ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&yacute; B&#7843;o t&agrave;ng Khoa h&#7885;c Tr&aacute;i &#273;&#7845;t t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c Utah, James Madsen n&oacute;i: &ldquo;Kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; con ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7915; 600 tri&#7879;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&acirc;y. Kh&#7881;, g&#7845;u hay con l&#432;&#7901;i c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; l&agrave;m gi&#7843; d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n ng&#432;&#7901;i. &#272;i&#7873;u g&igrave; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7863;t ch&acirc;n l&ecirc;n h&agrave;nh tinh n&agrave;y th&#7853;m ch&iacute; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t c&oacute; x&#432;&#417;ng s&#7889;ng ti&#7871;n h&oacute;a?&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>Madsen ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c n&oacute;i r&#7857;ng h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch ph&#7843;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh b&#7903;i m&#7897;t qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh t&#7921; nhi&ecirc;n, m&#7863;c d&ugrave; &ocirc;ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t n&agrave;o. Ti&#7871;n s&#297; Jesse Jennings thu&#7897;c Khoa Nh&acirc;n lo&#7841;i h&#7885;c c&#7911;a tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7887;ng &#273;o&aacute;n r&#7857;ng d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh b&#7903;i m&#7897;t con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y l&#7899;n n&#7857;m ngh&#7881; tr&ecirc;n ba con nh&#7887; h&#417;n. M&#7863;c d&ugrave; kh&aacute; t&aacute;o b&#7841;o, ph&aacute;n &#273;o&aacute;n n&agrave;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&agrave; thi&#7871;u nh&#7919;ng b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng h&igrave;nh h&#7885;c &#7911;ng h&#7897;.<\/p>\n<p>Ng&agrave;y 20 th&aacute;ng 7 n&#259;m 1968, &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m Antelope Spring &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#7843;o s&aacute;t b&#7903;i Ti&#7871;n s&#297; Clifford Burdick, m&#7897;t nh&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t c&#7889; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; Tucson, Arizona, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&atilde; s&#7899;m b&#7883; &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7903;i m&#7897;t d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n tr&#7867; em in tr&ecirc;n m&#7897;t phi&#7871;n &#273;&aacute; phi&#7873;n s&eacute;t. &ldquo;S&#7921; &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng&rdquo;, &ocirc;ng n&oacute;i, &ldquo;d&agrave;i kho&#7843;ng 6 inch, v&#7899;i ng&oacute;n ch&acirc;n d&#7841;ng ra, nh&#432; th&#7875; &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng &#273;i gi&agrave;y, v&agrave; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y ch&#7853;t ng&oacute;n ch&acirc;n. N&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng gi&#7889;ng h&igrave;nh v&ograve;m l&#7855;m, v&agrave; ng&oacute;n c&aacute;i kh&ocirc;ng n&#7893;i b&#7853;t.&rdquo; D&#7845;u ch&acirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a t&#7899;i hai nh&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t v&agrave; m&#7897;t nh&agrave; c&#7893; sinh v&#7853;t h&#7885;c. M&#7897;t nh&agrave; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng &yacute; r&#7857;ng n&oacute; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; l&agrave; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i, nh&#432;ng &yacute; ki&#7871;n c&#7911;a nh&agrave; c&#7893; sinh v&#7853;t h&#7885;c l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; t&aacute;c nh&acirc;n sinh v&#7853;t n&agrave;o li&ecirc;n quan. Ti&#7871;n s&#297; Burdick n&oacute;i:<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;T&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute; &#273;&#7897;t nhi&ecirc;n b&#7883; v&#7905; d&#7885;c theo ph&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7919;ng ng&oacute;n ch&acirc;n tr&#432;&#7899;c khi d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n h&oacute;a th&#7841;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&igrave;m th&#7845;y. &#7902; v&ugrave;ng giao nhau, m&#7863;t phi&#7871;n &#273;&aacute; nh&#432; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&aacute;n m&#7887;ng v&agrave; r&#7845;t ph&#7859;ng. N&#417;i ng&oacute;n ch&acirc;n &#7845;n xu&#7889;ng v&#7853;t li&#7879;u m&#7873;m, m&#7863;t ph&#7859;ng b&#7883; g&#7891; l&ecirc;n theo chi&#7873;u ngang, cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t s&#7913;c n&#7863;ng &#273;&atilde; nh&#7845;n v&agrave;o b&ugrave;n.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>Th&aacute;ng 8 n&#259;m 1968, &ocirc;ng Dean Bitter, m&#7897;t nh&agrave; s&#432; ph&#7841;m trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&ocirc;ng l&#7853;p th&agrave;nh ph&#7889; Salt Lake tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n th&ecirc;m hai d&#7845;u gi&agrave;y ho&#7863;c d&eacute;p &#7903; khu v&#7921;c Antelope Spring. Theo Gi&aacute;o s&#432; Cook, kh&ocirc;ng con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y n&agrave;o &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng c&uacute; d&#7851;m n&agrave;y, nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t con b&#7885; ba th&ugrave;y nh&#7887; &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&igrave;m th&#7845;y g&#7847;n c&aacute;c d&#7845;u ch&acirc;n trong c&ugrave;ng m&#7897;t t&#7843;ng &#273;&aacute;, cho th&#7845;y sinh v&#7853;t bi&#7875;n nh&#7887; b&eacute; v&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i d&eacute;p lang thang c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&atilde; s&#7889;ng c&ugrave;ng m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Tham kh&#7843;o:<\/em><\/strong><em> <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;Nh&#7919;ng b&iacute; &#7849;n kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&iacute;ch&rdquo;, 37-38, 1985.<\/p>\n<p>D&#7883;ch t&#7915;:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/pureinsight.org\/node\/938\">http:\/\/pureinsight.org\/node\/938<\/a><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1968 b\u1edfi William J. Meister, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[36],"class_list":["post-12272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-khao-co-hoc","tag-van-minh-tien-su"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n in tr\u00ean h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecd ba th\u00f9y - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chanhkien.org\/2011\/06\/nhung-dau-chan-in-tren-hoa-thach-bo-ba-thuy.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n in tr\u00ean h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecd ba th\u00f9y - Ch\u00e1nh Ki\u1ebfn Net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1968 b\u1edfi William J. 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